I-acetabulum iyisisekelo se-ball-and-socket joint joint. I-top of the thigh bone (femur) yakha ibhola, futhi isikhwama (acetabulum) siyingxenye yethambo le-pelvic. Amathambo amaningana ajoyina ndawonye ukuze enze i-pelvis nxazonke: i-ilium, i-ischium, ne-pubis. Emuva kwesikhumba, i-sacrum ne-coccyx nazo zihlangene ndawonye. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesikhumba, kukhona isikhwama esisodwa se-hip.
Le-acetabulum iyindilinga futhi ihlanganiswe ngaphakathi nge- cartilage ebushelelezi. Le ngqungquthela yakha ubuso obushelelezi bokuhlanganiswa kwe-hip.
Ukuphuka kwe-acetabular kwenzeka lapho isisekelo sohlangothini lwe-hip siphukile. Lokhu kungavamile kakhulu kunezinhlobo eziningi ze- hip fractures , lapho kusetshenziswe khona ithambo lethanga, hhayi isokhethi. Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu zombili izinhlangothi ze-hip ndawonye ukuba zilimale ekulimazeni; ngokuvamile ukuphulwa kwenzeka okwebhola noma isikhwama, kodwa hhayi kokubili.
Ama-acetabular fractures angase avele nge-high-energy trauma (isib. Ukushayisana kwezimoto, ukuwa, njll) noma ukuhluleka ukungasebenzi . Ezigulini ezincane, cishe njalo kunesifo esibuhlungu, futhi ngokuvamile kuvame ukulimala okuhambisanayo, lapho kuqhuma i-acetabular fracture. Eziguli ezikhulile, ukuqhuma kwe-acetabular kungenzeka ngenxa yethambo elibuthakathaka ngenxa ye-osteoporosis. Kulezi zimo, ukuqubuka kwe-acetabular kungenzeka ngemva kokuwa okulula.
Izinketho zokwelapha
Kunezici eziningana okudingeka zicatshangelwe ukucacisa ukwelashwa okuphelele kwe-acetabular fracture.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukulimala kuhilela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hip, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukwelashwa kuphi, kukhona amathuba okwandisa iziguli ukuze kamuva athuthukise i-arthritis ye-joint hip. Isizathu sokuthi i-arthritis ye-hip ingenzeka ukuthi i-hip ye-hip ihlanganiswe ngophethilethi obushelelezi owonakele ngesikhathi sokuphuka.
Ukubuyisela ngokucophelela ukulungiswa okujwayelekile kokuhlanganiswa kwe-hip kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwe-arthritis.
Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuxhomeke ekungenikeni kwe-cartilage displacement, nokuzinza kokuhlanganiswa kwe-hip. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hip kufanele kuzinze (ibhola ligcinwe ngokuqinile ngaphakathi kwesikhethi) futhi uqwanga kufanele luhlelwe kahle. Kuvame ukuphakanyiswa ukuthi:
- Ukuguqula ubuso be-cartilage
- Ukususa i-debris (ithambo) ngaphakathi kwehlangene le-hip
- Ukubuyisela ukuqina kwe-hip
Imithi yokwelashwa ngokuvamile igcinelwe ama-fractures angenayo isikhundla noma iziguli ezingenempilo ngokwanele yokubekezelela ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukwelashwa okungenasidingo kuqhutshwe ngenhloso yokwenza indawo ejwayelekile ye-hip uma i-arthritis iqala ngaphakathi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlinzeka noma ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa yini, iziguli kufanele zigweme ukubeka isisindo emkhawulweni osithintekile, ngokuvamile ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokulimala. Ngokuvamile iziguli zivunyelwe ukubeka unyawo lwazo phansi (ukuthinta-phansi ukuthwala isisindo), kodwa akukho namandla okuvunyelwe emlenzeni. Ukuhamba emkhawulweni ngokushesha kusengozini ukuhamba ngokuqhubekayo kwezingcezu eziphukile zethambo.
Izinkinga ze-Hip Socket Fractures
Ngeshwa, ukubikezelwa kwesikhathi eside kwe-acetabular fractures kunezinkinga eziningi ezingase zibe khona.
Esikhathini sokuqala, iziguli ezinama-acetabular fractures zivamise ukulimala okubangelwa ukulimala kwekhanda, ukulimala esiswini, ukulimala kwe-urologic, kanye nokulimala okunye kwezicubu zomzimba (umgogodla namadolo zivame kakhulu). Lezi ziguli zisengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa ama-clots egazi emilenzeni nasesikhwameni. Iziguli ezinokutheleleka kokungenwa kokuhlinzwa , ukulimala kwamanzi nesisindo, kanye nezinkinga zokuphulukisa.
Esikhathini eside, inkinga evamile ukuthuthukiswa kwe- arthritis ye- hip . Ngokuvamile iziguli zigcina zidinga ukuhlinzeka ukuhlinzwa esikhundleni . Ezinye izinkinga ezikhona kungenzeka zihlanganisa i- hip osteonecrosis ne- heterotopic bone (okweqile kwamathambo).
Imithombo:
I-Baumgaertner MR, "I-Fractures yodonga olungemva kokusebenza kwe-acetabulum" J. Am. I-Acad. I-Ortho. Ukuhlinzwa, Jan 1999; 7: 54 - 65.