Izinketho zokuphathwa kweBones eziqhekekile
Amathambo aphukile angenye yezinto ezivame ukulimala ngamathambo. Ama-fractures adinga ukwelashwa okungase kube njengokulula njengokuphumula, noma njengokungavamile njengokuhlinzwa. Kunezici eziningi okumelwe zicatshangelwe ukunquma ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kwitheko eliphukile kufaka:
- Indawo ye-bone ephukile
- Ukulungiswa kwephutha
- Okulindeleke kwesineke
Ezinye zezokwelapha ezihlukunyezwa kakhulu ezisetshenziswe lapha zichazwe lapha.
Ukuchithwa kwempahla
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokulawulwa kwephutha lukwazi ukungasebenzi kahle. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokungasebenzi kahle ezihlanganisa ubucwebe, ama-braces, ama-sling, ama-slings, nabanye.
Ukwehlisa imishini kuyindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke lapho izinto (ngokuvamile ipulazi noma i-fiberglass) ziboshwe emkhawulweni wokulimala futhi zivunyelwe ukuba zikhuni. Ama-casts afika ngenani elingenamkhawulo lobunjwa nobukhulu futhi adinga ukunakekelwa okufanelekile .
Ama-fractures aphathwe ngokungahambi kahle kufanele ahambelane ngokwanele ukuze avumele ukuphulukiswa ngemiphumela emihle. Uma ukulungiswa kokuphuka kunganele, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kuyodingeka.
Ukunciphisa (Ukuvuselela) i-Broken Bone
Inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukunciphisa i-fracture , noma ukunciphisa ukuphulwa , kungukungenelela ukuze kulungiswe kangcono amathambo aphukile. Ukunciphisa ukulahleka kungenziwa njengokunciphisa okuvaliwe (ukungabi nonsurgical) noma ukunciphisa okuvulekile (ukuhlinzwa).
Ukunciphisa okuvaliwe okuvaliwe kwenziwa ngokuhlinzekela ukuhlinzekwa kwezinzwa zendawo endaweni ephukile ithambo noma i- anesthesia ejwayelekile , ilandelwa umzamo othize ukuze uzame ukuguqula amathambo aphukile. Ngemuva kokunciphisa okuvaliwe, ukugqama noma ukuphonswa kuzobe sekusetshenziselwa ukubamba amathambo ekulungiseni okuthuthukisiwe.
I-Traction
I-traction iyi-fomu yokudala yokuhlukumeza okusetshenziselwa kakhulu kakhulu namuhla. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo ezithile lapho ukudoba kungaba yindlela yokwelashwa ewusizo kakhulu.
I-traction ihilela ukudonsa ngomusa komkhawulo wokuvumelanisa amathambo. Ngokuvamile iphini yensimbi ifakwa emthanjeni ohlangothini olude lwe-fracture, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-skeletal traction. Izindwangu nezisindo zihanjiswe kuphini ukuze zidonsa izicucu zamathambo ukulungiswa.
I-skin traction ingumqondo ofanayo, kodwa esikhundleni sokuthi iphini ifakwe emthanjeni, ukushayisana kuvele ngokudonsa kwangaphandle emkhawulweni. I-skin traction ayikwazi ukudonsa ngamandla amakhulu njengama-traction we-squelette, ngakho-ke uma ukuxubana kusetshenziselwa isikhathi esincane, ngokuvamile ukuqhutshwa kwe-squelet is favorable.
Izikhonkwane
Izikhonkwane zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuzinzisa amathambo amancane (izandla nesibindi, isibonelo) uma ukunciphisa okuvaliwe kungasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukulungiswa, kodwa ukukhipha okwanele ukumbamba amathambo endaweni.
Izikhonkwane zivame ukufakwa esikhumbeni ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukunciphisa okuvaliwe nge-pinning ngayinye (CRPP). Izikhonkwane zifakwa ekamelweni lokusebenza, kepha ngokuvamile zingasuswa ehhovisi likadokotela wakho futhi akusizi kahle izinqubo eziningi zokususa amaphini. Uma kunzima, ukususwa kungenziwa ekamelweni lokusebenza.
Ukulungiswa kwangaphandle
Ukulungiswa kwangaphandle kusebenzisa izikhonkwane ezifaka isikhumba kodwa zigcinwe ndawonye ngaphandle komzimba ngefreyimu yokugcina ukulungiswa. Ukulungiswa kwangaphandle kuyindlela enhle kakhulu enokuhlukumezeka okukhulu ngoba ingasetshenziswa ngokushesha, ingahle ilungiswe njengoba kudingeka, futhi ivumela ukutholakala kwamanxeba esikhumba nesikhumba esithambile. Ukulungiswa kwangaphandle kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlukana okuvulekile .
Ukulungiswa kwangaphandle kungasiza futhi uma kukhona ukuvuvukala okuphawulekayo okungenza ukuhlinzeka kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngokumisa okwesikhashana ukuqhuma, ukuvuvukala kungathuthuka, futhi ukulungiswa kwangaphakathi kungacatshangelwa esikhathini esizayo.
Vula Ukunciphisa Nge-Fixation Yangaphakathi
Ukunciphisa ukuvula kusho ukusungula ukuvula isayithi, ukuvumelanisa izingcezu zethambo, bese ubamba endaweni. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokulungiswa kwangaphakathi yizinsimbi zensimbi nezikuluzi, nakuba kunamadivayisi amaningi angasetshenziswa ukuzinzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlukana.
Vula ukunciphisa nokulungiswa kwangaphakathi (ORIF) yindlela yokwelashwa ethandwayo yenani lezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlukana:
- Ama-fractures athambekele ekuthumeni ngokuchithwa kwemvelo
- I-Fractures engasebenzi kahle
- Ama-fractures azungeze amalunga anomonakalo omkhulu ohlangene
Ukunquma ukuthi ukuphuka kufanele kube nokuhlinzwa kuyisinqumo esiyinkimbinkimbi okufanele sicabangele iziguquguquki eziningi ezihlanganisa uhlobo, indawo, kanye nokuqina kweziphuka, kanye nokulindela kwesiguli. Kwezinye izimo, izimila zensimbi zingase zisuswe ngesikhathi esilandelayo.
I-Intrameduallary Rodding
I-Intramedullary (IM) i-rodding iyindlela yokuhlinzekela ukuzinzisa ithambo eliphukile ngokufaka induku yensimbi emgodini ongenawo ogwadule. Le ngxenye yethambo (lapho umthambo we-bone) ungasetshenziswa ukubamba induku futhi uvumele ukunyakaza kokuqala kanye nesisindo.
I-IM rodding ngokuvamile yindlela yokwelashwa okhethwayo yezinsalela zamathambo amade aphansi angasondelene namalungu (amathambo aphela). Kulezi zimo, iziguli zingaqhubeka nokuhamba ngokushesha kunokuba nezinye izinhlobo zokwelapha ukuphulwa.