I-hip ephukile ingozi ejwayelekile, ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile abane-thinning bone. E-United States, i-hip fractures iyona ethandwa kakhulu ethanjeni ithambo elidinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlela; Abantu abangaba ngu-300 000 baseMelika bangene esibhedlela ngenxa yokuhlukunyezwa kwe-hip njalo ngonyaka. "I-hip ephukile" kanye "nokuqhekeka kwe-hip" kusho into efanayo.
Ama-Hip fractures asebekhulile ngokuvamile abangelwa ukuwa, ngokuvamile ukuwa okubonakala kubalulekile.
Ezigulini ezincane ezinamathambo anamandla, izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zesikhumba esiphukile zihlanganisa ukulimala okukhulu kwamandla okufana nezingozi zemoto noma ukuwa kusuka ekuphakameni. Ama-Hip fracture nawo angabangelwa ithambo libuthakathaka kusuka ku-tumor noma ukutheleleka, inkinga okuthiwa i- pathologic fracture .
Ama-Hip Fractures ne-Osteoporosis
I-hip ephukile kubantu asebekhulile ingachazwa ngokuyinhloko ngokubuthakathaka kwethambo ngenxa ye- osteoporosis . Iziguli eziguga ezine-osteoporosis zingengozini enkulu kakhulu yokwenza ukuqhuma kwe-hip kunomuntu ongenayo i-osteoporosis. Ezinye izici eziyingozi ezihlobene nokuqhekeka kwe-hip yizocansi zesifazane, umjaho waseCaucasia, abantu abakhelwe kancane, nokusebenza okulinganiselwe ngokomzimba.
I-osteoporosis yisimo esibangela ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo ; ukwakheka kwethambo kuyinto evamile, kodwa kuncane kunabantu abajwayelekile. Ngamathambo amancane, abuthakathaka, iziguli ezine-osteoporosis zingengozi enkulu yokwenza ukuqhuma kwe-hip ezingozini ezifana nokuwa.
Izinhlobo ze-Hip Fractures
Ama-Hip fractures ngokuvamile ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlukana:
- I-Femoral Neck Fractures : I-femoral neck fracture iqhuma lapho ibhola le-ball-and-socket joint le-hip liphulwa phezulu kwesifazane. Ukwelashwa kwesifo senkosikazi ngokweqile kuncike ekuguleni kwesiguli futhi uma ibhola liphume endaweni yalo evamile
- I-Hip Fractures yama- Intertrochanteric: Ukuphuka kwe-hip intertrochanteric kwenzeka nje ngaphansi kwensikazi yesifazane. Lezi fractures zilungiswe kaningi kunezintambo zezintambo zezinsikazi. Ukwelapha okujwayelekile okuhlinzekwa kuhilela ukubeka ipuleti kanye nezikuluvu noma induku kanye nezikhwama zokuzinza imifantu.
- Amanye amaphethini okuphuka: Kunezinye izinhlobo zezinsalela zamathambo eduze kwe-joint hip okungase kuthiwa ngezinye izikhathi njenge-hip ephukile. Iningi livame ukungabi namaphutha e-pelvic . Lezi zinyama zenzeke emthanjeni we-pelvic, hhayi ithambo lethanga (femur), futhi lingavame ukuphathwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Olunye uhlobo oluthile lokuqhekeka kwe-pelvic ukulimala esikhwameni se-hip ngokwayo, okuthiwa i- acetabular fracture . Nakuba ezinye zalezi zingozi zingelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, ngoba zibandakanya ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hip kungase kube nezimo lapho kudingeka khona ukwelashwa okunamandla.
Ukwelashwa kokuphuka kwe-hip cishe njalo kudinga ukuhlinzwa. Kwezinye izimo, njengokunye ukuphazamiseka kwengcindezi ye-hip, noma kuziguli ezinezinkinga ezinkulu zezokwelapha ezivimbela ukwelapha okuhlinzekwa, ukwelashwa okungasebenziswanga kunganconywa. Kodwa-ke, iningi lazo zonke izinhlobo ze-hip ziphathwa ngokuhlinzwa. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olukhethwa luxhomeke kuhlobo lokuphulwa.
Izinkinga Ngemva kwe-Hip Fracture
Izinkinga zivame kakhulu ezigulini ezenza ukuqhuma kwe-hip. Esinye sezizathu ezibaluleke kakhulu zokwenza ukuhlinzeka ngeziguli ezinezinkinga ze-hip ukusiza ukuvimbela lezi zinkinga. Ngokuthola iziguli ngokushesha futhi ziphuma embhedeni, ingozi yezinkinga ezinjenge-pneumonia, izilonda zombhede, nezindwangu zegazi ziyancipha.
Amanani okufa ngonyaka wokuqala emva kwe-hip ephukile aphakathi kuka-25%, futhi amazinga aphezulu kunabantu abadala. Isizathu sokufa ngemuva kokuqhekeka kwe-hip kuvame ngenxa yezindwangu zegazi , i-pneumonia, noma ukutheleleka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphela ama-25% weziguli ezisekela i-hip ephukile ekusebenzeni kwazo kwe-preinjury.
Iningi leziguli ezisekela ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-hip zizodinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile okwesikhathi eside, njengesikhungo sokuhlengikaza isikhathi eside noma sokuvuselelwa. Cishe unyaka ngemva kokuba isiguli sisekela i-hip ephukile, amazinga okushona abuyele evamile, kodwa isiguli esasiphambene nesifo se-hip sisesengozini enkulu yokuphuluka isiqhwa. Ukwakhiwa kabusha nokuqiniswa okugxilwe yizo zindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokwenza abantu babuyele emisebenzini yabo ye-preinjury.
Izwi elivela
Kuzo zonke lezi zizathu, enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingenziwa kungathatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuqhuma kwe-hip. Abantu abafunda lesi sihloko bangase bazizwe sekuphuzile kakhulu, kodwa lokho akulona iqiniso! Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usuqede u-hip ophukile, noma othandekayo wakho wephule umlenze, ukuvimbela ukuhlukana okuzayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungavamile ukuthi abantu baphule elinye i-hip, noma balondoloze ezinye ukulimala okubi okubangelwa ithambo elibuthakathaka.
Imithombo:
UKJ Koval noJD Zuckerman; "Ama-Hip Fractures: I. Uhlolojikelele nokuHlola nokuPhathwa kwe-Femoral-Neck Fractures" J. Am. I-Acad. I-Ortho. Ukuhlinzwa., Meyi 1994; 2: 141 - 149.
UKJ Koval noJD Zuckerman; "Ama-Hip Fractures: II. Ukuhlola nokuphathwa kwe-Intertrochanteric Fractures" J. Am. I-Acad. I-Ortho. Ukuhlinzwa., Meyi 1994; 2: 150 - 156.