I-anemia yokuthunyelwa komzimba: Okufanele Ukwazi
Kuyini I-Anemia?
I-anemia iyigama elijwayelekile ngenombolo ephansi engavamile yamangqamuzana egazi abomvu ajikeleza emzimbeni. I-anemia ye-Postoperative ingenye yezingozi eziyaziwayo zokuhlinzwa . I- CBC iyisivivinyo esivame ukugijima ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa ukuhlola amazinga ezinhlobonhlobo zamaseli egazini lakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasitshela ukuthi ukulahleka kwegazi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwakubalulekile ngokwanele ukufaka ukumpontshelwa igazi, noma ngabe kwakungelula.
Ngokuvamile udokotela ohlinzayo unomqondo omuhle wokuthi igazi lilahleka kangakanani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ngaphandle kokuhlolwa, kodwa kuzoqinisekisa ngegazi.
Kungani i-Anemia ijwayelekile emva kokuhlinzwa
I-anemia yenzeka uma umuntu enza ambalwa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, noma ulahlekelwa inombolo ephakeme ngokungavamile yamaseli abomvu abomvu ngokuphuma kwegazi, noma ukuhlanganiswa kwalaba ababili. Ukukhipha isisu kuvamile ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlinzwa, kungaba mnandi kakhulu, futhi kukwazi ngokuphelele ukudala i-anemia uma igazi elanele lilahlekile.
Ukulahleka kwegazi kuvamile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, okwenza i-anemia ivame ngemva kokuhlinzwa, hhayi ngenxa yanoma iyiphi inkinga enamandla okwenza igazi.
Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso
Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-anemia zingahle zibe phakathi komnene kuya kwesibindi, ngokukhathala kanye namandla aphansi ajwayelekile kakhulu. Izinga lentliziyo elinyukayo, ukuphefumula okuncane, ikhanda, isizungu, ubuhlungu besifuba kanye nesikhumba esibucayi nakho. Uma i-anemia ikhona ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukucacisa imbangela nokulungisa inkinga kubalulekile - ikakhulukazi i-anemia inzima.
Izimbangela
Kunezimbangela eziningi ze-anemia, ezinye izimo zivimbela umzimba ukuba wenze amangqamuzana egazi abomvu okwanele, noma amangqamuzana abomvu egazi akwenziwa aphansi. Izimbangela ezimbili ezivamile ze-anemia yi-thalassemia, isimo esizuzwe njengefa, kanye nokuntuleka kwensimbi. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia zingabangela umzimba ukuba ukhiqize amaseli obomvu aphezulu kakhulu.
Ungenza ukutholakala okuphelele kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu futhi ube nesifo esiyingozi uma uphepha. Abanye besifazane bane-anemia ehlotshaniswa nokuphuma kwezinyathi ezinzima, kodwa ukuhlukunyezwa noma ukuhlinzeka ngokuqinisekile kuyobangelwa ukulahlekelwa igazi. Ukuhlinzekwa okuncane okungavamile kulindeleke ukuthi kubangele ukulahlekelwa kwegazi okuncane, kanti ukuhlinzeka ngenhliziyo evulekile kuvame ukulindeleke ukuba kudalwe isidingo sokumpompela igazi ngesikhathi noma emva kokuhlinzwa. Ezinye iziguli ezaziyo ukuthi zingadinga ukumpontshelwa ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kwazo zingakhetha ukusebenzisa amasu okuhlinza ngaphandle kwegazi ukugwema izingozi zokumpontshelwa igazi.
Ukuhlukunyezwa, nokuhlinzwa ngokuhlukumezeka, kuhlotshaniswa nemali ephawulekayo yokuphapha, okungahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isimo sengozi. Ezinye ukulimala, njenge-femur ephukile, zihlobene eduze nokulahlekelwa kwegazi.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelapha i-anemia, ukwazi ukuthi imbangela yenkinga ibalulekile. Uma umuntu enesifo se-anemia esinezinsimbi, ukwesekwa kwensimbi kuyindlela yokwelashwa engcono kakhulu. Kumuntu onokulahlekelwa kwegazi; Kodwa-ke, insimbi ngeke ixazulule ngempela le nkinga - ukumpompela kuyadingeka uma ukulahlekelwa kwegazi kunzima ngokwanele. Ngakho ukukhomba imbangela yisinyathelo sokuqala sokuphatha kahle i-anemia. Ukuthola i-postemia anemia, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukuphuma kwegazi yisinyathelo sokuqala, kulandelwa ukumpontshelwa igazi, ukunikeza isikhathi somzimba ukubuyisela noma kokubili.
Ukuntuleka kwezakhi ezibalulekile zegazi, njenge-iron, b12 noma i-folate, kungenza kube nzima ngokwakha kabusha ukunikezwa kwegazi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. La mazinga angase ahlolwe emsebenzini wokusebenza wegazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umzimba uyakwazi ukululama kalula ekulahlekelweni kwegazi.
Ukunquma Ubunzima
Endabeni ye-anemia postoperative, ukuzwa izimpawu ze-anemia kuyisici esisodwa sokunquma uma udinga ukumpontshelwa igazi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuthiwa i-Complete Blood Count (CBC) yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ubunzima besimo. Enye yezivivinyo ezingeni eliphelele legazi yizinga le-hemoglobin, umphumela ophansi we-hemoglobin ubonisa i-anemia.
Kubantu, i-hemoglobin ejwayelekile i-13.8 kuya ku-17.2 gm / dl ngenkathi izinga elijwayelekile lomfazi liyi-12.1 kuya ku-15.1 gm / dL. Lokho kusho ukuthi odokotela abaningi abahlinzayo ngeke bahlele ukumpontshelwa igazi kuze kube yilapho i-hemoglobin iphakathi kuka-8-10 ngaphandle uma isiguli sibhekene nezimpawu okungenani ezilinganayo, ngoba kunezingozi ezihambisana nokumpompela igazi.
Iziguli eziningi ezithola i-anemia emnene emva kokuhlinzwa ukwelashwa okukhethwa yisikhathi. Emasontweni ambalwa emva kokuhlinzwa, umzimba uvuselela ukuhlinzekwa kwamaseli abomvu kuze kufike ezingeni elivamile. Imizwa yokukhathala kanye namandla aphansi aqhubeka ethuthuka kancane kancane njengoba amazinga obomvu wegazi ephuthuka. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuzwa ukhathele kuvamile lapho usuqala ukuhlinzwa , njengoba ukuhlinzwa kunzima kakhulu emzimbeni futhi kungaholela ekubeni uzizwe ukhathele ngisho nemisebenzi encane.
> Imithombo:
> I-anemia. I-Medline Plus. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Ephreli, 2014. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/anemia.html