Ukuhlukana Phakathi Kokusetshenziswa Kwemithi Yokuhlunguphazwa KwamaVi Okuvamile
Imithi ehlukahlukene isetshenziswa njalo emahoreni nasezinsukwini emva kokuhlinzwa ukulawula ubuhlungu. Ubuhlungu buvame kakhulu kakhulu emahoreni angu-72 emva kokuhlinzwa, okuyinto, engaqinisekisi, ukuthi lapho iziguli zingase zithole ukukhululeka okukhulu kobuhlungu.
Imithi eminingi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu inikezwa njengepilisi noma nge-intravenously (ngokusebenzisa i-IV). Le mithi ingase ibe yi-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) emndenini owodwa wezidakamizwa njenge-ibuprofen, noma ingaba yimithi yokwelapha e-opioid, efana ne-morphine.
Igama elithi opioid libhekisela emsuka wemithi esitshalweni se-poppy, esivela kuyo i-opium. Ungase uzwe imithi yobuhlungu ebizwa ngokuthi i-analgesics, leli yigama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza imithi esetshenziselwa ukuphumula ubuhlungu.
Kungani Imithi Yokuphulukisa I-IV Isetshenziswa
Emahoreni okuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa, isiguli singase sibe ngaphansi kwethonya le-anesthesia, futhi akuphephile ukuthatha imithi yomlomo baze bavuke ngokwanele ukugwinya ngaphandle kokukhipha. Uma isiguli siphapheme futhi sikwazi ukubekezelela uketshezi kokuphuza, imithi yabo izonikezwa ifomu lepilisi, ngaphandle uma ubuhlungu bulawulwa kabi ngemithi yomlomo. Uma isiguli singakwazi ukuthatha imithi ebuhlungu njengephilisi, noma idinga imithi eyosebenza ngokushesha kakhulu, imithi yezinhlungu ezine-IV inganikezwa.
Imithi eminingi yobuhlungu iyatholakala njengoba kokubili iphilisi noma umjovo ube yi-IV. Amanye atholakalayo kwisiraphu, i-patch noma imithi ebeka ngaphansi kolimi okumele ilandelwe.
Inzuzo eyinhloko imishanguzo yezinhlungu ze-IV ngalezi ezinye izinhlobo zemithi ukuthi isebenza ngokusheshisa kakhulu, ngokuvamile emaminithini ngoba ihamba ngqo emgodleni wegazi. Uma usukhishiwe esibhedlela, akusizo ukusebenzisa imithi yezinhlungu ze-IV, njengoba abantu abaningi bengabuyeli ekhaya nge-IV indawo endaweni, futhi amaphilisi noma olunye uhlobo lwemithi engeyona ye-IV izobekwa ngokujwayelekile.
Imivamisa Yokuhlukunyezwa Okuvamile ye-IV
- I-Toradol (ketorolac): Le mithi ikhona emndenini we-NSAID, futhi isetshenziselwa ukuphatha ubuhlungu obukhulu kuya ekulinganiseni, nayo inemiphumela elwa nokuvuvukala.
- I-Ofirmev (i-acetaminophen): Le mithi, i-NSAID, iyinhloko ye-IV Tylenol. Isetshenziswa njenge-agent eyanciphisa umkhuhlane futhi futhi ingaphatha ubuhlungu obukhulu.
- I-Caldolor (ibuprofen): Le mithi, futhi i-NSAID, ngokuyinhloko IV Advil. It isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu obukhulu ukuya ekunciphiseni, ukuvuvukala futhi kunamakhono okunciphisa umkhuhlane.
- UMorphine: Ukuphulukisa ubuhlungu be-narcotic, i-morphine isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu obukhulu ukuze kube nobuhlungu obunzima. Ngokuvamile i-Morphine isetshenziselwa ubuhlungu obukhulu nobuhlungu obuhlala isikhathi eside.
- I-dilaudid (i-hydromorphone): Ukuphulukisa ubuhlungu be-narcotic, i-Dilaudid inamandla futhi isetshenziselwa ukuphatha ubuhlungu obukhulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- I-Fentanyl: Le mithi iyi-opioid yokwenziwa, okusho ukuthi umuntu wenziwe futhi akenzwanga esitshalweni se-poppy njengeminye imithi yokwelapha. It isetshenziswa ukulawula ubuhlungu obukhulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- I-Demerol: Le mithi, i-analgesic ye-opioid, ayisasetshenziselwa njalo njengakudala. I-Demerol ayinakukwazi ukulawula ubuhlungu futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ibangele ukuzwakalisa kanye ne-delerium kunezinye izinhlobo zemithi yobuhlungu. Ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziswe ngaphandle kwelebuli (ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile) ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuthuthumela kweziguli ezikhuhliziwe, ngenxa yemfiva noma isidingo sokuba hypothermia njengokwelashwa, kodwa akusetshenziselwa ukulawula ubuhlungu bokuhlinzwa.
Izingozi zemithi yokwelapha yobunikazi
- Imiphumela emihle: Le miphumela ibanga kusuka kumnene (ukuzwa ulele) kube nzima (hhayi ukuphefumula). Ngenxa yengozi yokuguqulwa, le mithi akufanele ithathwe uma isebenza imoto. Thatha imithi yokuhlunguphazwa njengoba kuqondiswe ekugwemeni ukweqisa ngokweqile.
- Ukuqokwa : Zonke izidakamizwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zinikwe njengephilisi noma umjovo, ziyaziwa ukuthi zenze ukuqotshwa. Iziguli eziningi zithatha isisindo sezinyawo nsuku zonke ukuvimbela ukuqothulwa lapho uthatha imithi yokuhlunguphazeka kwama-narcotic.
- Isiyaluyalu: Ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kanye / noma okuqhubekayo kwezidakamizwa kungaholela ekuluthweni komzimba nangokwengqondo. Ukunciphisa ubuhlungu obudakayo akufanele kuthathwe isikhathi eside kunalokho okudingekile.
- I-Nausea / Ukunciphisa: Abanye abantu ababekezeleli lolu hlobo lwemithi kahle. Kwabanye, ngaphambi kokwelapha ngemithi ephikisana nesicanshu efana neZofran noma iPhenergan ingavimbela noma iyanciphise lezi zimpawu.
- Ukunambitha: Ukunciphisa ubuhlungu be-prescription kuyaziwa kahle ukuthi kubangele. Kwabanye, ukuguqula eminye imithi yobuhlungu kuyohlinzeka ukuphumula, abanye badinga imithi eyaziwa ukunciphisa ukucheka njengokuthi i-Benadryl noma i-Vistaril kadokotela.