Enye yeziphambeko ezinkulu ukuthi i-asthmatics ekhulelwe yenza ukuyeka ukusebenzisa imithi yabo ye-asthma uma bezwa ukuthi bakhulelwe. Ngenkathi imithi ingafaka izingozi enganeni, izingozi ze-asthma ezingaphenduliwe zivame kakhulu kunengozi encane yokukhubazeka komntwana okuvela emithini eminingi ye-asthma. Enye iphutha elivamile le-asthmatics ekhulelwe ukuyeka ukubona odokotela babo be-asthma abavamile uma bekhulelwe.
Ngokwe-Food and Drug Administration (FDA), azikho imishanguzo ye-asthma ethathwa njengokuphephile ngokuphelele ekukhulelwe. Lokhu kungukuthi akekho owesifazane okhulelwe ongathanda ukubhalisela isifundo sokuphepha emithi ngenkathi ekhulelwe. Ngakho-ke, i-FDA inikeze imikhakha engozini kwimithi esekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kokukhulelwa.
Ukukhulelwa Imithi Imikhakha
Isigaba sokukhulelwa "A" imithi imithi lapho kunezifundo ezinhle kubesifazane abakhulelwe abonisa ukuphepha kwemithi ebantwaneni ekuthomeni kokuqala. Kukhona imithi encane kakhulu kule mkhakha futhi ayikho imithi ye-asthma.
Imithi "B" imithi ikhombisa izifundo ezinhle zokuphepha ezilwaneni ezikhulelwe kodwa azikho izifundo zomuntu ezitholakalayo.
Imithi yokukhulelwa "C" imithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi ebusweni lapho ifundwa ezilwaneni ezikhulelwe, kodwa izinzuzo zalezi zidakamizwa zingenza isisindo sibe yizingozi kubantu.
Imithi "D" yemikhiqizo ibonisa ingozi ecacile kumntwana, kodwa kungenzeka kube nezimo lapho izinzuzo zidlula khona izingozi kubantu.
Futhi ekugcineni, imithi ethi "X" ibonisa ubufakazi obucacile bokukhubazeka kokuzalwa ezilwaneni kanye / noma izifundo zabantu futhi akufanele zisetshenziswe ekukhupheni.
Ukuphulwa kwezidakamizwa ze-Asthma
Imithi yokukhulula, esetshenziselwa ukusiza okusheshayo izimpawu ze-asthma, zihlanganisa bronchodilators ezingenalutho ezifana albuterol.
Ngenkathi le mithi isigaba esithi "C", isipiliyoni sethu ngokusebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe sinobukhulu futhi asikho ubufakazi bokuthi imiphumela embi kakhulu emthonjeni.
Imithi yokulawulwa kwe-asthma ephikisanayo ihlanganisa i-steroids engatholakali, okuyinto indlela ekhethiwe yokulawula ukuvuvukala kwesifo se-asthma. Eminye imithi kuleli qembu ihlanganisa i- Advair (i-fluticasone / salmeterol), i-theophylline, i-cromolyn, ne-Singulair (i-montelukast).
I-steroids ekhonjiwe ekhethiwe ifaka i-Pulmicort (budesonide), okuwukuphela kwesigaba esithi "B" steroid ehanjisiwe, ne-QVAR (beclomethasone), njengoba le steroid ehoxisiwe iye yahlala isikhathi eside, futhi isipiliyoni sayo sinomqondo omuhle. Kodwa-ke, kunengqondo ukuqhubeka nezinye izinhlobo ze-steroid e-inhaled ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma umama elawulwa kahle ngokusebenzisa le mithi ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.
Umkhiqizo ohlangene njengo-Advair noma u-Symbicort ungadingeka kuziguli ezine-asthma ezinzima kakhulu. Le mithi ihlanganisa i-steroids e-inhaled ne-beta-agonist ende-eside (imithi efana ne-albuterol), futhi isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesilawuli. Iziguli zisadinga i-albuterol "njengokudingekayo" noma ukusetshenziswa kokusindisa.
Ezinye izidakamizwa zezilawuli ezifana ne-theophylline (isigaba esithi "C") ne-cromolyn, nedrocromil, ne-Singulair (sonke isigaba "B") sinengqondo ukuqhubeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma umama enenzuzo enkulu emithini ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.
Kodwa-ke, ayikho yale mithi ezobhekwa njengento "yokukhetha kuqala" ukuqala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
I-Xolair (i-omalizumab), imithi ejoqwayo esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesifo se-asthma njengendlela yokwelapha isilawuli. Inesimo sesigaba esithi "B", nakuba kusukela le mithi isitholakale kuphela iminyaka embalwa, kufanele isetshenziswe ngokucophelela ku-asthmatics ekhulelwe.
> Imithombo:
> Umbiko wePanethi ye-Panel yochwepheshe. Ukuphatha i-Asthma Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Izincomo ze-Pharmacologic Treatment - Ukuvuselelwa kuka-2004. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005; 115: 36-46.
> Blaiss MS. Ukuphathwa kwe-Asthma Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Isifo sofuzo Isimiso se-Ps. 2004; 25: 375-379.
> ACOG / ACAAI. Ukusetshenziswa Kwemishado Yomzimba Omusha Nezifo Zokungenwa Kwezifo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ann Ukuzivocavoca Isifo Somoya Immunol. 2000; 84: 475-480.