Imikhiqizo ye-Overall Counter (OTC) yezifo zokungezwani komzimba
Imithi eminingi yokungezwani komzimba eyake isitholakala kuphela ngesigwebo sikadokotela manje itholakale ngaphezu kwe-counter (i-OTC). Lokhu kuvame ukuthi kusho ukuthi kubiza imali encane kunazo zonke lapho befuna isidakamizwa, futhi ulondoloza izindleko zokuvakashelwa nodokotela wakho.
Njengoba unikezwe imishanguzo eminingi ye-OTC yokungezwani komzimba, manje kungenzeka ukuthi uphathe izimpawu eziningi noma isisu (i- rhinitis ye-allergen ) nesiso (i- allergenictivitis ye-allergen ) ngaphandle kokubona udokotela-ecabanga ukuthi uyayazi ukuthi iyiphi imithi ongayikhetha izimpawu zakho.
Indlela esekelwe ngesibonakaliso ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba akuyona yonke imithi yokwelapha zonke izimpawu zemithi. Bheka izinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi yokwelapha i-OTC nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze wenze okulungile.
Ama-antihistamine
Ama- antihistamine asetshenzisiwe, kuhlanganise ne- Benadryl ne-Chlor-Trimeton (chlorpheniramine), acatshangwa ukuthi ahlala phansi ukuze asebenze njalo. Le mithi ingabangela ukukhubazeka kwengqondo nangokwenyama ngisho noma ungazizwa ulele ngemva kokuthatha. Ungakwazi ngisho ukukhokhiswa nge-DUI (ukushayela ngaphansi kwethonya) emazweni amaningi uma ushayela imoto ngemuva kokuthatha le mithi.
Kune -antihistamine emithathu engaphansi , i- Claritin (i-loratadine), i- Zyrtec (cetirizine) ne- Allegra (i-fexofenadine) eboniswe ukuthi ibangele ukukhubazeka okuncane kwemisebenzi yengqondo noma yomzimba. Yonke yale mithi iyatholakala ngefomu elijwayelekile nangaphansi kwamanye amagama omkhiqizo: I-Alavert ingenye uhlobo lwe-loratadine; I-Mucinex I-allergies ingenye brand ye-fexofenadine.
Ama-decongestants
Ama-decongestants e-OTC afaka ifomu lomlomo njenge-Sudafed (pseudoephedrine) kanye nesimo somzimba njenge-Afrin (oxymetazoline). Bobabili benza umsebenzi omuhle ekuphatheni ukucinana komzimba.
Nakuba abanye abantu basebenzisa i-Sudafed njalo, imiphumela emibi iyavame. Imiphumela emibi yama-decongestants omlomo ihlanganisa ukungaboni, ukucindezeleka kwegazi, ukukhathazeka, ukugcinwa kwamagciwane kanye nezinsizwa.
Abantu abanezibonakaliso kufanele bahlole udokotela wabo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ama-decongestants omlomo. Ama-decongestants omlomo ayenzela abantu abaningi isikhashana kodwa kufanele agwenywe ukulawula isikhathi eside izibonakaliso zokungezwani.
Amaphilisi ahlambalaza, njengama-Afrin (oxymetazoline), kufanele asetshenziswe isikhathi esifushane, ngokuvamile angabi ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu. Ukusebenzisa ngokweqile i-Afrin kungaholela esimweni sezokwelapha esibizwa ngokuthi i- rhinitis medicamentosa , esichazwe ngokudabuka kokungqubuzana komswakama okungaphenduli noma okungaphenduli kokusetshenziswa kwe-Afrin eyengeziwe. Lesi simo sidinga ukuhlolwa kanye nokwelashwa udokotela.
Ukuhlanganiswa
Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-antihistamine nama-decongestants akuyona into entsha. Le mithi, njenge-Actifed (i-chlorpheniramine / phenylephrine) ne-Dimetapp (i-brompheniramine / phenylephrin), iye yasemakethe iminyaka. Lezi zihlanganisa uClaritin-D (loratadine / pseudoephedrine), iZyrtec-D (cetirizine / pseudoephedrine) ne-Allegra-D (fexofenadine / pseudoephedrine). Le mithi ivame ukugcinwa ngemuva kwekhasi lekhemisi kodwa ayidingi isigwebo sikadokotela sokuthenga. Kufanele zisetshenziswe kuphela isikhathi esifushane ngenxa yenkampani ye-decongestant nemiphumela yaso emibi.
I-Nasal Sprays
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezitshalo zomzimba ezingasetshenziswa isikhathi esingenasiphelo sokwelashwa kwezimpawu zomzimba ezingezansi.
I-Nasalcrom imithi enhle kakhulu yokuvimbela izimpawu ze-rhinitis eziphuza kodwa kufanele isetshenziswe njalo ukuze iphumelele. Lo muthi usebenza ngokuvimbela ukukhululwa kwamakhemikhali aphikisayo njenge- histamine kusuka kumangqamuzana omzimba kodwa akenzi lutho ukuvimbela imiphumela yamakhemikhali alangaze akhululwa (ngokungafani ne- antihistamine ). I-NasalCrom iphephile kakhulu, ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside futhi ilungele abantu abadala kanye nezingane ezincane ezineminyaka engu-2 ubudala.
I-Nasacort 24 Hour Ukuzivocavoca Ne-Flonase (i-fluticasone) i- nasal corticosteroid spray iyatholakala ngaphandle kwemithi. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ama-nasal corticosteroid sprays iyimithi ephumelela kakhulu yokuphatha zonke izimpawu zokugula okubangelwa ukwelashwa, futhi ziwusizo nakakhulu ekunakekeleni izimpawu ze-conjunctivitis ye-allergenic.
Amahloni eso
Kukhona amaconsi amaningi e-Eye atholakalayo i-OTC yokwelashwa kweso lokungalingani. Eziningi ziqukethe ama-decongestant angama-topical afana nalawo atholakala ku-Visine (naphazoline), okumele asetshenziswe kuphela izinsuku ezimbalwa ngesikhathi. Lapho ama-decongestants angama-topical asetshenziselwa isikhathi eside, isimo sezokwelapha esibizwa ngokuthi i-conjunctivitis medicamentosa singathuthuka. Izimpawu zingafaka ukukhuphuka kokubomvu kweso nokucasuka, ngokuthembela okungaphezu kweso ukuphumula. I-Zaditor / Alaway (i-ketotifen), i- antihistamine ye- topical kanye ne- mast cell stabilizer eye yehla, itholakale ngaphezu kwe-counter for the treatment of eyesight. Itholakala futhi kumafomu ajwayelekile. Le mithi ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside ngaphandle komphumela ongase ube nomphumela we-conjunctivitis medicamentosa.
Izwi elivela
Unokukhetha okuningi kwemithi yokwelapha i-rhinitis ye-allergen . Kubalulekile ukuqonda izenzo kanye nemiphumela emibi yalowo nalowo. Nakuba ungase ufune ukuphatha izimpawu zakho ngemikhiqizo engaphezu kwe-counter, kufanelekile ukuxoxa ngezinqumo zakho nodokotela wakho ukuze wazi ukuthi uthenga umkhiqizo ofanele. Nakuba ezinye ziphumelela njengezihlobo zabo zomuthi, ezinye zingatholakali ekuhlungeni nasekubunzeni ungathola ngemithi.
> Umthombo
- > Wallace D, Dykewicz M, Bernstein D, et al. Ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa kwe-rhinitis: I-updated practice parameter. I-Journal Yokuzifola Kwegazi Ne-Immunology Yezokwelapha . 2008; 122 (2). i-doi: 10.1016 / j.jaci.2008.06.003.