Ngokuningiliziwe kwe-IBD Diet and Nutrition
Buza abantu abayishumi abanezifo zesifo sofuba (i-IBD, ehlanganisa isifo sikaCrohn nesifo sofuba) ngokudla kwabo futhi uzothola izimpendulo eziyishumi ezihlukene mayelana nokudla, zokupheka , nokuthi izimpawu ziyathinteka kanjani. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ayikho impendulo eyodwa mayelana nokudla nokudla uma kuziwa ku-IBD.
Njengoba kunjalo nezinye izihloko eziningi ezihlobene ne-IBD, kunemiqondo eminingi futhi hhayi kakhulu endleleni yedatha.
Kodwa-ke, kuneziqondiso ezithile abantu abane-IBD abangazisebenzisa ukuze bathole indlela yabo yokudla okunempilo okondla umzimba wabo.
Kungani Angaziwa Ngokuningi Ngokudla Ne-IBD?
Ukudla kuyisihloko esinzima sokutadisha. Abantu abathintekayo kunoma yiziphi izifundo zokudla kufanele ngempela banamathele ekudleni abakunikezwayo. Uma kungenjalo, lokhu kungaholela kunoma iyiphi inkinga yezinkinga. Lokhu akusho ukuthi izifundo zokudla azikwazi. Eqinisweni, njengoba kunezici eziningi ze-IBD eziqondakalayo, izifundo zokudla manje sezidalwa.
Ngenkathi umphakathi we-IBD ulindele imiphumela yezifundo ezinjalo, umqondo omuhle ukuthembela kulokho esikwaziyo manje.
Ukuqeda ubunzima bokudla kuyinkinga ebonakalayo yokuxhumana. Kunezifundo ezibonisa ukuthi abantu abane-IBD kanye nodokotela babo banemibono ehlukene ekudleni. Ucwaningo olulodwa lubonisa ukuthi iziguli eziningi kunabaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukudla kuthinta i-IBD. Iziguli nazo zibika ukuthi azitholanga iseluleko ekudleni, kodwa cishe zonke odokotela bathi zinikeze iziqondiso kuso. Futhi isigamu sezigulane zithi sezilandelele izeluleko zodokotela ekudleni.
Isidlo Sithinta kanjani i-IBD?
Ukudla akuyona imbangela ye-IBD noma imithi ye-IBD .
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi iziguli ezine-IBD zithuthukise imizimba yazo ukudla okunomsoco. Ngesikhathi se- flare-up , kubaluleke kakhulu ukugxila ekutheni ukondliwe ukuze kusize kangcono umzimba ukuthi ubhekane nokuvuvukala.
Abantu abaningi abane-IBD bavimbela ukudla ngesikhathi sokushaywa phansi ukuze banciphise izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu nokuhuda. Kodwa izidlo ezivimbelayo zingabangela ukwehluleka kwamavithamini futhi kuthinte izinga lokuphila-okunye isizathu sokuthi ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwe-IBD nokubuyela ekudleni okuvamile kubalulekile.
Ukungabi nesifiso kuvamile kubantu abane-IBD, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-flare-up. Lokhu kungenza ukugcina isisindo esinempilo kunzima nakakhulu; Kuvamile ukuthi abantu abane-IBD bahlukane nokubeka isisindo. Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco-obukhulu, ukudla okuncane okuvamile, nokuthola ubuciko ngokudla, njengokuzama ukudla emazingeni ahlukene okushisa, amasu angasiza.
Yikuphi Okudliwayo Okuhle Kakhulu kwe-IBD?
Akukho okudla okuye kwaboniswa ukusiza abantu abane-IBD. Abanye abantu bayabika ukuthi ukushintsha ukudla kwabo kusiza izimpawu zabo.
Kodwa akukho ukudla okuboniswe ukusiza bonke abantu abane-IBD.
Ukusebenza ne-dietitian obhalisiwe kuzonikeza ithuba elihle lokuphumelela ekutholeni ukudla okusiza ngezimpawu futhi akuvimbeli amavithamini nezakhi. Nazi ezinye zezidlo ezivame ukukhulunywa ngokuphathelene ne-IBD:
- Ukudla okunomsoco okukhethekile (EEN). Ukudla kuphela okuye kwafundiswa ngokwanele ukuthi kukhona ubufakazi obuhle besayensi ukuyisebenzisa yi-EEN. I-EEN iye yaboniswa ukusiza isifo sikaCrohn ezinganeni, kodwa kukhona ubufakazi obuncane bokuthi busebenza kahle kubantu abadala. Lokhu kudla kuyisikali futhi ngokuvamile kunikezwa nge-tube ewela phansi emakhaleni esiswini, ngokuvamile ebusuku. Iphuzu eliyinhloko kulokhu kudla akusiyo kuphela ukuthi kusiza ukuthuthukisa izimpawu, kodwa kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuvuvukala emathunjini.
- Ukudla okunamafutha. Ukudla okunamafutha akukhuthazwa ngokuvamile, ngokujwayelekile. Kodwa kunezikhathi lapho zingase zisetshenziswe khona. Izikhathi ezimbili lapho ukudla okunomsoco kungase kuphakanyiswe kufaka phakathi kokuhlinzwa noma uma kunesisindo (ingxenye encane emathunjini) okwamanje. Lokhu kukudla okuqondakalayo akufanele kulandelwe isikhathi eside ngoba kunciphisa ukudla okunomsoco.
- Ukudla okuphansi kwe-fiber. Ukudla okuphansi kwe-fiber kungasetshenziswa isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka. Ukukhawulela inani le-fibre kungaholela ezitheni ezimbalwa. Kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukubhoboza noma ubuhlungu ngoba kunokudla okuncane okungahambisani nomzimba okuhamba emathunjini. Lokhu kudla akuhloswe ukuba kulandelwe isikhathi eside futhi abantu abane-IBD kumele babuyele ekudleni okunzulu okuhlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zokudla ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Ukudla okunge-Lactose. Abanye abantu abane-IBD bangathola ukuthi ushukela lobisi (i- lactose ) lubangele ukubhoboza, ukuhuda, noma ukunganaki. Izimpawu zingabuka ekubeni mncane kuya ezinzima. Ukusika yonke imikhiqizo yobisi equkethe i-lactose ngaphandle kokudla kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema izimpawu.
- Ukudla okunomsoco we-carbohydrate (SCD). I-SCD yidla lokususa okusanhlamvu, i-lactose, noshukela ekudleni. Impendulo eyinhloko yalokhu kudla yilapho iziguli eziningi zithola ukuthi zivimbela futhi kunzima ukuzilandela. Akuzange kufundwe kabanzi ukuze kusetshenziswe kubantu abane-IBD ngakho-ke ukusebenza kwayo akungaziwa. Noma kunjalo, akucatshangwa ukuthi kuyingozi.
- Ukudla okuphansi kwe-FODMAP. "I- FODMAP " isichazamazwi se-oligosaccharides, i-disaccharides, i-monosaccharides, ne-polyols. Isisekelo salokhu kudla ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukudla okunezinhlobo ze-FODMAP kuzo. Iningi labantu alikwazi ukuthi iziphi ukudla okuphezulu-i-FODMAP noma i-FODMAP ephansi , ngakho-ke kungcono ukuzama lokhu kudla ngenkathi usebenza eduze nomdokotela odlayo oqonda IBD. Kube nezifundo ezincane kokudla okuphansi kwe-FODMAP ne-IBD eveze imiphumela emihle. Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokuba lokhu kudla kunganconywa iqembu elibhekene nesiguli nge-IBD.
Abantu Bangabhekana kanjani ne-IBD Ukuthola Izinkinga Zokudla?
Ukubona ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okungabangela izimpawu zokuhuda noma ukubhula kungathatha isikhathi nokuhlelwa. Ukugcina idayari yokudla okuningiliziwe efaka izimpawu nokuphendula kokudla okuthile kungasiza ekutholeni amacala enkinga. Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokugcina idayari yokudla kufanele ihambisane nayo futhi ifaka ulwazi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukuzama ukudla kokuqeda ukudla kungenye indlela engasiza. Ukuze usebenzise le ndlela, kubalulekile ukuthola iseluleko somqeqeshi oqeqeshiwe wezempilo-mhlawumbe obhalisiwe-njengoba ukudla okunjalo kungaba isikhathi esiningi nokudideka. Ukuqeda ukudla kufanele kwenziwe kuphela isikhathi esifushane kuze kube yilapho kukhona ukungahambisani kokudla okungabonakala . Uma ukudla noma amaqembu okudla kudingeka agwenywe ngezikhathi ezithile, i-dietitian ingakha uhlelo oluqinisekisa ukuthi i-vitamin ne-amaminerali ayanele.
Zikhona Nemihlahlandlela Yokudla Okujwayelekile?
Abantu abane-IBD badinga ukudla okunempilo okondla umzimba. Wonke umuntu ophethe i-IBD uzothola ukudla kwakhe siqu okubenza kubo. Kungumqondo omuhle ukuthola ezinye izindlela zokupheka eziqukethe ukudla okunomsoco futhi okubekezeleleke kahle futhi ufunde ukupheka. Lokhu kuzokusiza ekugwemeni ukudla okulula noma ukudla okusheshayo lapho ubhekana nokukhathala noma ezinye izimpawu zokuphazamiseka.
Kuneminye imihlahlandlela evamile enikeza ikhanda ukuqala ekuqondeni ukuthi ungadla kanjani i-IBD:
- Iziphuzo ezidakayo. Ukuphuza kungenye indawo ehlukile kubo bonke abantu abane-IBD. Abanye bangase bathole ukuthi ubhiya lungabangela igesi nokuvuvukala. Imithi ethile yokwelapha i-IBD noma ye-IBD izidakamizwa ingase ihlanganyele nophuzo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuhlola nodokotela noma wezemithi ngaphambi kokuphuza. Utshwala linomphumela ohlelweni lokugaya, ikakhulukazi isibindi, futhi lezi zici kufanele zicatshangelwe futhi zixoxwe ngosizo lomhlinzeki wezempilo.
- Iziphuzo ezidakayo. I-carbonation eyengeziwe ingaholela ekuqhumeni nasegesi , ezingasetshenziswanga, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-flare-up.
- Ukudla okuthosiwe. Ukudla okuthosiwe kuvame ukukhuphuka ngamafutha futhi kungabi nekhalori elingenalutho futhi kungaholela ekuhuleni kwabanye abantu.
- Ukudla okuphezulu kwe-fiber. I-fibre yingxenye ebalulekile yokudla okunomsoco, kodwa ukudla okuphezulu e-fiber-njengamantongomane, ummbila, imbewu, kanye ne-popcorn-kungadingeka ukuthi kuvinjelwe. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwesisu ( ostomy noma j-pouch ukuhlinzwa ) kanye nanoma ubani onesimiso .
- I-Lactose. Ukwehlukana kwe-Lactose kuvamile. Ukuqeda imikhiqizo yobisi kuzosiza ekugwemeni noma yiziphi izimpawu ezibangelwa ushukela lobisi.
Inothi Kusuka
Abantu abaningi abane-IBD banobungane obunzima nokudla futhi balwela ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele badle. Isivivinyo nesiphambeko kudla isikhathi futhi kuphazamise, kodwa njengamanje kuyindlela engcono kakhulu ekuhambeni kokudla okusebenza ukugwema izimpawu futhi futhi kunempilo.
Umgomo we-IBD ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo ukulawula izimpawu nokuvuvukala futhi ubuyele ekudleni okunempilo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Futhi indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ukudla okunempilo ukufuna usizo futhi usebenze eduze nabasebenzi abanolwazi lwezempilo.
> Imithombo
> Usuku lwe-AS, i-Lopez RN. "Ukudla okungenamkhawulo wokungenisa ukudla ezinganeni ezine-Crohn's disease." I-World J Gastroenterol . 2015 Jun 14; 21: 6809-6816.
> Holt DQ, Strauss BJ, Moore GT. "Iziguli ezinezifo zesifo sofuba nezigulane zabo zokwelapha zinemibono ehlukene ngokuphathelene nokudla." I-J Hum Nutr Diet . 2016 Jul 14.
> Limdi JK, Aggarwal D, McLaughlin JT. "Izindlela Zokudla Nezikholo Ezigulini Ezigula Ngezifo Ezivuthayo." I-Inflamm Bowel Dis . 2016 Jan; 22: 164-170.
> Prince AC, Myers CE, Joyce T, Irving P, Lomer M, Whelan K. "Ukuvinjelwa kwama-carbohydrates (I-Low FODMAP Diet) ku-Practice Clinical Practice Kuthuthukisa Izimpawu Zomzimba Ezisebenzayo Ezigulini ezinezifo ezivuthayo." I-Inflamm Bowel Dis . I-2016 Meyi; 22: 1129-1136.