Abafundi bezokwelapha bahlanganisa uKlebsiella pneumoniae nge-pneumoniae ethinta abantu abangenamakhaya bathembele ekuphuzeni utshwala. Kodwa-ke, i-bacteria Klebsiella pneumonia iningi kakhulu kwizilungiselelo zesibhedlela futhi imbangela ehamba phambili yokutheleleka kwe-nosocomial. ("I-Nosocomial" iyinhloko yezokwelapha futhi ibhekisela ezifweni ezisuka esibhedlela.)
I-Klebsiella pneumoniae iyinduku yokug gram-negative ehlanganiswe ne-polysaccharide capsule.
Encwadini ehlobene, leli capsule elikhulu lenza ama-bacteria asebenze kanzima ukuphatha ngama-antibiotic.
Ezingamaphesenti amahlanu abantu, uKlebsiella pneumoniae uhlala emanzini (indwangu) kanye nephefumula. Ngokungafani no- E. coli , elinye i-bacteria evamile ye-gut (enteric), i-Klebsiella itholakala ezindaweni zokuhlala ezinjenge-sewers, emhlabathini nasemanzini angaphezulu. Ithobisa umzimba nge-endotoxin ephakathi kwamagciwane futhi hhayi nge-exotoxin (exreted).
Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi ugxila egameni layo, i-Klebsiella pneumoniae ingabangela i- pneumonia yebhaktheriya. I-pneumonia iyisifo samapayipi okuholela emkhunjini, amahlumela, ukuphefumula, ukukhathala nokuningi. Ngokuvamile, i-Klebsiella pneumonia ayifinyeleleki ngaphandle kwamalungu omphakathi onokwethenjelwa kotshwala.
I-Klebsiella pneumonia ivame ukushaya i-lung upper lobe futhi iphumela ekufeni kwe-cavitation kanye ne-pyogenic (aka pus-producing) kwezicubu (aka necrosis); le pathophysiology ehlukile iyabonakala ku-chest x-ray.
Esikhathini sezilungiselelo zesibhedlela, i-Klebsiella pneumoniae ingakhuphuka esuka emathunjini futhi ibangele ukutheleleka komgogodla noma ukutheleleka nge-catheter ye-urinary. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezingane ezibhedlela ezibhedlela ze-ICU (PICU), i-Klebsiella pneumoniae ingabangela ukutheleleka kwegazi (aka septicemia) kanye nokushaqeka kwe-septic.
Inothi, kukhona ama-subspecies e-Klebsiella pneumoniae abangela ukugula okumbi kakhulu: Klebsiella ozaenae noKlebsiella rhinoscleromatis. Ukwelashwa noKlebsiella ozaenae kungaholela ekuqothulweni okungahambi kahle (i-atrophy) yamagundane emisipha. Ngokufanayo, i-Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis ibangela i-rhinoscleroma, ukuvuvukala okunamonakalo kwempumu nomphimbo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Klebsiella pneumoniae kusekelwe emlandweni wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwe-diagnostic (cabanga nge-ray-ray) nokuhlolwa kwelabhoratri. Uma kungenzeka, odokotela bakhetha ukuphatha iKlebsiella pneumoniae nge quinolones noma cephalosporins yesithathu noma yesine. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezithile ze-Klebsiella pneumoniae aziphikisana nemithi elwa nemithi ejwayelekile, futhi amaphrofayli wokumelana namagciwane kufanele ahlolwe lapho ehlolwa futhi ephathwa ngayo lesi sifo.
Kusukela ngawo-1970, izinkinga ze-Klebsiella pneumoniae eziphikisana nama-aminoglycosides zaqala ukubamba. Ngokushesha lezi zinkinga zalandelwa i-spectrum beta-lactamase eyenza iKlebsiella engamelana namapenicillin nama-cephalosporin.
Muva nje, izidakamizwa zeKlebsiella ezingamelana ne-carbapenem zivele ezibhedlela. I-Carbapenems yi-antibiotics enamandla esebenzayo njengokwelashwa kokugcina.
Iqiniso lokuthi uKlebsiella uye wahamba kancane ukuze amelane nalezi zidakamizwa zamalungu omphakathi wezokwelapha.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-Klebsiella pneumoniae ivame ukungabangela ukutheleleka ezigulini ezibhedlela-ikakhulukazi labo abasesibhedlela isikhathi eside futhi bebuthakathaka amasosha omzimba (bacabange i-ICU) -kubalulekile ukuba abasebenzi abanakekelwa kwezempilo abangakwazi ukuphulukisa benza konke okusemandleni ekunciphiseni ukusabalala kwama-bacteria.
Ngaphezu kokugcina izinsimbi zezokwelapha zihlanzekile futhi kuncishiswe ubude besikhathi abahlala ngaphakathi kwamakhemikhali abafakiwe, ukugeza izandla kuyisivikelo esiyinhloko mayelana nokutheleleka. Ngisho noma othandekayo evakashela umngane noma ilunga lomndeni esibhedlela, umqondo omuhle kakhulu ukugcina izandla zakho zihlanza futhi zichithe imishini yezokwelapha.
Encwadini yokugcina, iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40, abacwaningi bebelokhu befuna umgomo wokuvimbela ukutheleleka nge-Klebsiella pneumoniae. Njengamanje, kunamaqembu amaningi azimele asebenza kulowo mgomo.
Imithombo:
Isihloko esithi "Ukuthuthukiswa kwezivivinyo zokugoma ngokumelene ne-Klebsiella pneumonia" nguT TA Ahmad kanye nabalobi ababambisene nabo abashicilelwe ku-Vaccine ngo-2012.
Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS, Morse SA, iMetzner TA. Isahluko 15. I-Enteric Gram-Negative Rods (Enterobacteriaceae). Ku: Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS, Morse SA, Mietzner TA. ama-eds. Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology, 26e. ENew York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013.
Levinson W. Okufingqiwe Okufushane Kwezinto Ezibalulekile Emidlalweni. Ku: Levinson W. eds. Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Medical Microbiology ne-Immunology, ngo-13. ENew York, NY:
Isihloko esithi "Klebsiella spp. njengama-Pathogens amaNosocomial: Epidemiology, Taxonomy, Izindlela Zokubhala, kanye Nezifo Zama-Pathogenicity "ngo-R Podschun no-U Ullmann okushicilelwe ku-Clinical Microbiology Reviews.