Isihlanganisi se-temporomandibular (TMJ) sihlangene esihlanganisa umhlathi wakho ku-skull yakho. Lokhu kuhlangene kungaphambi kwezindlebe; ungayithola kalula ngokuvula nokuvala umlomo wakho futhi uzizwe uhlangene ngeminwe yakho. Lokhu kuhlangene kuhluke ezinhlangothini eziningi, ngokuthi kuthiwa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-diarthrotic . Lolu hlobo lokujoyina lunamalungu amabili asebenza ngokuzimela; kulokhu kokubili okuhlangene kwesokunxele nokulungile kwe-mandible.
Uma kunenkinga ngokujoyina, imisipha noma imigqa ezungeze lokhu kuhlangene, isimo sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-TMJ noma i-TMJ disorder. I-TMJ imane ibhekisela ekuguleni okuhlangene kanye ne-temporomandibular (TMD) enembile kakhulu kunoma yikuphi ukungasebenzi okuhlobene nomsebenzi we-TMJ. Ukuze sigcine amagama asetshenziswayo futhi ahambisani nanoma ubani, sizobhekisela ku-TMD njengesifo se- TMJ .
Izimpawu
- ubuhlungu bombuso
- ubuhlungu ngenkathi kuhlafuna
- ukuvela noma ukuchofoza umhlathi
- ikhanda
- izindlebe
- kunzima ukuvula nokuvala umlomo
- umhlathi ovalelwe
- ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nobubele emhlabeni wonke
- tinnitus
- umlando wokulala okungalahleki noma ukutholakala kwesifo sokugula
Izingozi Zezingozi
Izinkinga ze-TMJ zivame kakhulu kubantu besifazane kunamadoda, futhi zivame kakhulu kubantu abamhlophe kunabase-Afrika-baseMelika. Okunye ukuphazamiseka noma izimo ezihlobene ne-TMJ zifaka:
- i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid
- izifo ezihlangene ezidabukisayo
- ukukhathazeka noma ezinye izifo zengqondo eziholela emhlathini ongapheli noma ukugaya amazinyo
- indawo yokwelapha yamazinyo
- ulimi lwesihlobo (i-ankylosis)
- bruxism
- ezinye izinkinga zokuzalwa
Izimbangela
Ekuqaleni kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kwe-TMJ kwakungenxa yokungahambisani kahle kwamazinyo aphezulu naphansi. Nakuba lokhu kusenendima ekwenzeni ukuphazamiseka kwe-TMJ, kunezici eziningi ezingabangela lesi sifo esibuhlungu esihlanganisa:
- ukuhlukumezeka kuya emhlathini noma ngokuhlanganyela
- ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, noma ukucindezeleka
- ukuma kwekhanda nentamo
- ukugaya amazinyo
- ukuhlafuna gum (uma ngokweqile)
Ukuxilongwa
I-TMJ disorder ngokuvamile ihlolwe yi- otolaryngologist (ENT). Abantu abaningi bafuna usizo lwe-ENT ngoba ubuhlungu bomhlathi bubaholela ekukholweni ukuthi bane- HIV . Udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlola ngokomzimba, okungafaka phakathi ukubuka ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho ngezibonakaliso zokugqoka amazinyo akho ekugayeni nasekufakeni; ukuhlola imisipha yakho yentamo yezinselele; kanye nezibonakaliso zethando elihlangene. Udokotela angase ahlole ukuthi ukwazi kangakanani ukuvula umlomo wakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho uzocela iskena se-CT noma i-MRI ukuze ubheke kangcono noma yimuphi umonakalo ohlangene.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kusekelwe ebucayi besifo. Ezimweni ezincane, iqhwa nokuphumula kungase kube ukubheja okungcono kakhulu, kanye nokunciphisa ubuhlungu obuningi ngaphezu kwe-counter ezifana ne-ibuprofen ne-acetaminophen. Abantu abane-disorder ye-TMJ kufanele bagweme ukuhlafuna i-gum, ukugaya amazinyo nokufaka umhlathi wabo. Ngezinye izikhathi umlindi wokuluma angasiza ngalokhu.
Izindlela zokuphumula zokungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku zingasiza. Abanye abantu bangase bazuze ekwelapheni ngokomzimba, ukuphumula kwemisipha, i-steroids, ukuxubana kwe-friction kanye nokwelashwa kwe-ultrasonic.
Uma izimpawu zisaphila ngemuva kwemithi ephikisayo yokulwa nokuvuvukala nezinye izinqubo eziye zahlolwa, ukwelashwa kwe-occlusal nakho kungalingwa. Ukwelashwa kwe-Occlusal kuhlose ukuvikela ukuluma kwakho nokuvimbela ukuqina okukhulu nokugaya okungalimaza amazinyo. Ukunquma ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wamazinyo wakho.
Ezimweni ezinzima ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzeka yedwa kuphela ngeke kulungiswe ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-TMJ ngaphandle kokuthi uhlanganyele ekwelashweni kokubili ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
Imithombo:
I-American Academy ye-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. TMJ. Kufinyelelwe: Novemba 5, 2015 kusuka ku-http: //www.entnet.org/content/tmj.
U-Goldenberg, uDavid; Goldstein, Bradley J. Handbook of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. 2011. iphe 73-77.
I-Medline Plus. Izinkinga ze-TMJ. Kufinyelelwe: Disemba 21, 2011 kusuka ku-http: //www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001227.htm.
I-Rotter, BE. (2015). I-Cummings i-Otolaryngology: I-Temporomandibular Joint Disorders. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Agasti 14, 2016 kusuka ku-http: //www.clinicalkey.com (Okubhaliselwe Kudingeka)
Scrivani, SJ & Mehta, NR (2015). Izinkinga ze-Temoromandibular kubantu abadala. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Novemba 5, 2015 kusuka ku-http: //www.uptodate.com.