Okubangela I-Cancer Rectal, nokuthi Iyatholakala kanjani futhi iphathwe kanjani
Uyini umdlavuza wama-rectal? Ingabe into efanayo nomdlavuza womfana noma umdlavuza wekoloni ? Yini ebangela umdlavuza we-rectal? Ziyini izimpawu nokuthi ziphathwa kanjani?
Lezi yizinto ezivamile ezihlobene nomdlavuza we-rectal. Funda izimpendulo zale mibuzo nabanye, ngezansi.
Incazelo
Umdlavuza onomthelela uhlobo lomdlavuza ovela e-rectum, emasentimitha ayisithupha okugcina emathunjini amakhulu.
Njengezinye izitho zomzimba, i-rectum isengozini yezifo eziningi nemibandela, njengomdlavuza. Umdlavuza ohlukumezayo uhlukile emdlalweni wesibeletho, okubhekisela kumdlavuza osesifundeni esiphakathi kwe-rectum nangaphandle komzimba. Imigomo yomdlavuza wekolon kanye nomdlavuza omnyama uvame ukusetshenziselwa ngokungafani, ulwazi oluthe xaxa ozobona ngomdlavuza wekoloni lubhekisela kumdlavuza wesibeletho, futhi. Kodwa umdlavuza we-rectal uhlukile emdlalweni otholakala ophezulu emgqonyeni, ikakhulu uma kuziwa ekuphatheni lesi sifo ngokuhlinzwa.
Njengoba umdlavuza we-rectal kanye ne-khansa ephakeme kakhulu ekoloni ngokuvamile ivunyelwe ndawonye, kunzima ukwazi ukuthi kwenzeke yini umphumela wesifo somdlavuza, ikakhulukazi. Kodwa umdlavuza wekoloni yisisusa sesithathu esibangelwa ukufa komdlavuza emadodeni kanye neyesithathu imbangela ehamba phambili yokubulawa komdlavuza kwabesifazane e-United States. Lo mdwebo ukhombisa indawo ye-rectum ngaphakathi emathunjini amakhulu.
Izimbangela Nezici Zengozi
Ososayensi abazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela umdlavuza we-rectal, kodwa bayazi ukuthi yini eyandisa ingozi yomuntu yokuyihlakulela. Izici zengozi yomdlavuza we-rectal zifaka:
- Ukudala kunama-50.
- Umndeni noma umlando womuntu womdlavuza wekoloni. Kodwa khumbula: Umuntu akadingi umlando womndeni womdlavuza wekolon ukuze abe nomdlavuza we-rectal; kuvame ukutholakala kulabo abangenalo umlando womndeni. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ama- 25% wamakhansela e-colon anesixhumanisi sezakhi zofuzo .
- Umlando womuntu siqu wezinhlobo ezithile ze-polyp polyps (ukukhula okuncane ekoloni).
- Ukubhema-mhlawumbe okwamanje noma esikhathini esidlule.
Izimpawu
Ekuqaleni kwawo, umdlavuza we-rectal ngokuvamile awunayo izimpawu. Njengoba lesi sifo sithuthuka, okungathatha iminyaka, izimpawu zomdlavuza we-rectal zifaka:
- Igazi elisesitokisini : Lokhu kuvame ukukhanya okubomvu, ngokumelene negazi esitokisini esihlobene namagciwane angaphezu kwamakholoni (igazi ngenxa yalezo zinhlobo zamanqamu angabonakala ebomvu noma emnyama).
- Izinkinga zokugaya : Ukuqinisekiswa okuqhubekayo, isifo sohudo, noma ezinye izinguquko zesibilini.
- Izitshalo ze-Thinner: Izitshalo ezichazwe ngokuthi "ipensela enjenge- " noma ezincane zingase zenzeke lapho isisu esisemgodleni sigwema ingxenye yengxenyana.
- Ukulahleka kwesisindo esingachaziwe : Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungenasisekelo okuchazwe njengokulahlekelwa okungenani okungenani u-5% wesisindo somzimba ngaphezu kwenyanga eyisithupha kuya kwengu-12 inyanga, kungaba uphawu lomdlavuza wesibeletho.
- Ukukhathazeka Kwesisu: Lokhu kungabandakanya ubuhlungu, ububele, noma ukuchoboza.
- Ukukhathala okujwayelekile: Uzwa ukhathele ngokweqile kunokujwayelekile, ngisho noma ulala kahle.
- I-anemia: Uma umdlavuza we-rectal ubangela ukuphuma kwegazi okungapheli, ukukhanya okulula, isibonakaliso sokuqala singase sibe yi-anemia noma izimpawu ezihlobene ne-anemia efana nokukhwabanisa, ukukhathala, noma isikhumba esikhuphukile.
Ukuhlola
Izindlela eziningi zokwelapha umdlavuza we-colon ziphumelela kakhulu ekutholeni umdlavuza we-rectal, futhi.
Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa komdlavuza we-colon kanye nomgogodla kubandakanya:
- I- colonoscopy : I- colonoscopy ivumela udokotela ukuthi athole umbono ojulile wekhaloni enekolonoscope, ithubhu ye-fibre-optic enamathele ekhamera encane ehambisa ividiyo ebukhoma kumqapha. I-colonoscope ithulwe ngobumnene ngaphakathi kwe-anus futhi kancane kancane ibe ikoloni, ihlinzeke udokotela umbono ogcwele wezinambuzane ezinkulu nezigubhu.
- I-Sigmoidoscopy: Njenge-colonoscopy, i-sigmoidoscopy yenziwa nge-tube eguquguqukayo, ekhanyisiwe enekhamera enamathele, kodwa inqunyelwe kuphela engxenyeni engezansi ye-colon.
- I-Barium Enema: Ngesikhathi se-barium enema, udokotela ufaka i-barium ye-liquid engxenyeni ye-rectum. I-X-ray ithathwa isiguli ngenkathi elala ezindaweni eziningi ezihlukene. I-barium ivumela ukuthi ikholoni ibhekwe kangcono kuma-x-ray.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-Fecal Occult: I-Fect yokuhlola igazi nge-fecal (FOBT) ithola igazi esitokisini sakho ukuze ungaboni ngamehlo noma uqinisekise ukuthi empeleni yigazi elesiswini ongase ubone. Unikwa ikiti ekhethekile ukuqoqa amasampuli esitela.
Kubantu abadala abadala abasengozini yokukhula komdlavuza noma umdlavuza we-rectal, kunconywa ukuba baqale ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi seminyaka engama-50. Abantu abadala abasengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo kungadingeka baqale ukuhlola ngesikhathi esingaphansi kokuncoma kwabo udokotela. Khumbula: Ngisho noma ungenayo izimpawu zomdlavuza we-rectal, kufanele ulandele njalo izincomo zokuhlola ngodokotela wakho.
Ukuxilongwa
Uma ukuhlolwa kokuhlola kuveza imiphumela esolisayo, khona-ke i-colon biopsy yenziwe. I- biopsy yamakholoni ingenziwa ngenkathi i-colonoscopy noma ukuhlinzwa. Phakathi ne-biopsy yamakholoni, amancane amathisamu angama-rectal asuswe bese ethunyelwa ebhokisini le-pathology ukuze avele ubufakazi bokuthi unomdlavuza. Uma umdlavuza ukhona, isigaba somdlavuza we-rectal sinqunywa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okwenziwa ukuze kususwe umdlavuza. Ama-lymph nodes azungeze ahlolwe futhi angasuswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kungenziwa ukuze ubone ukuthi umdlavuza ususelwe noma usakazeka yini.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-rectal kuzoxhomeka esigabeni sesifo, kanye nezinye izinto ezifana nendawo ethile ye-tumor (s) kanye nempilo yakho jikelele.
Ukuhlinzwa : Ekuqaleni kwesifo somdlavuza we-rectal, ukuhlinzwa kungase kuwukuphela kokwelashwa okudingekayo. Kunezindlela eziningana zokuhlinzwa ezisetshenziselwa ukususa izicubu zomzimba ezidlavuza. Uhlobo lokuhlinza olukhethwe lusekelwe empilweni jikelele yesiguli, isiteji somdlavuza we-rectal, kanye nendawo yesikhumba (s). Kulabo abangewona abafanele ukwelashwa, ukwelapha imishanguzo kungaba yindlela yokukhetha, kodwa ngokuvamile akuyona into ephumelelayo.
I-Chemotherapy: Lokhu kubuye kube ukwelashwa okuvamile ngomdlavuza we-rectal. Izitho zomzimba zakhiwa ngamaseli ahlukanisa futhi aphindwe njengoba umzimba udinga wona. Lapho la maseli eqhubeka nokwanda ngokungadingekile, umphumela ubukhulu noma ukukhula, okubizwa nangokuthi isisu. Izidakamizwa ze-Chemotherapy zisebenza ngokuqeda la maseli avukele ngokushesha. I-Chemotherapy yomdlavuza we-rectal ingahle ibekwe ngaphambi noma emva kokuhlinzwa futhi inganikezwa ngokuhambisana nokwelashwa kwama-radiation.
Ukwelashwa kwe-radiation: Lena enye inketho yokwelashwa yomdlavuza womugqa. Lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha lusebenzisa izinhlobo ezithile zemisebe ye-high-energy emisebeni yokunciphisa izicubu futhi kuqede amaseli omdlavuza. I-radiation therapy isebenza ngokulimaza i-DNA yesifo somdlavuza, okwenza ingakwazi ukuphindaphindeka. Ezimweni zomdlavuza we-rectal, ukwelapha imishanguzo kungenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze usize ukwehlisa izicubu ezinkulu. Kungatholakala futhi ngokuhambisana ne-chemotherapy.
Ukuvimbela
Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wamakholoni njalo kuyisihluthulelo sokuvimbela umdlavuza we-rectal. Ukuhlolwa kungabonisa ukukhula okungakaze kwenzeke ngaphambi kokuba bakwazi ukuqhubeka nomdlavuza. Khumbula ukuthi kuthatha iminyaka ngomdlavuza we-rectal ukuthuthukisa, ngakho ukuhlola okujwayelekile kungathola lezi zinguquko isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuthi ziphendule umdlavuza.
Ukugwema izimo eziyingozi emdlalweni wekoloni kunganciphisa amathuba akho okuthuthukisa lesi sifo. Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kubalulekile, kanye nokugcina isisindo esinempilo nokuyeka ukubhema.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. I-Cancer Colorectal. Kubuyekezwe 01/20/16. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/colonandrectumcancer/detailedguide/colorectal-cancer-risk-zimboni
> National Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa kwe-Cancer Rectal - I-PDQ). Kubuyekezwe 01/29/16. http://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal/hp/rectal-treatment-pdq