I-vitrectomy iyinkqubo encane yokuhlinza eyenziwa ngumpetha we-retinal ukususa i-gel vitreous ngaphakathi kweso. Ijelusi lama-Vitreous ligcwalisa umgodi wangaphakathi, kuthatha cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zomsindo weso. Ngokuvamile, i-vitreous icacile futhi ivumela ukukhanya ukuthi kudlule kalula emuva kweso. Ngezinye izikhathi i-vitrectomy iyadingeka uma ukuphuma kwegazi kwenzeka emgodini we-vitreal, kuvimbela umbono ocacile.
I-vitrectomy yenziwa ingxenye ukuze uphathe okulandelayo:
- i-membrane ye-epiretinal (pre-retinal macular fibrosis)
- i-macular hole
- amasosha wokutakula
- i-retinopathy eyinkimbinkimbi yesifo sikashukela
- izifo zangaphakathi
- ama-hemorrhages angaphakathi
Inqubo
I-vitrectomy yenziwa emtholampilo ophuthumayo ophuthumayo noma ekamelweni lokushisa esibhedlela futhi ngokuvamile yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo. Isiguli siphinde sinikezwe sedation emnene. Isiguli siphapheme ngenqubo kodwa asizwa ubuhlungu futhi kuye ngokuthi i-sedation inikezwe, ayikhumbuli inqubo.
Isazi se-retinal sizofaka izinsimbi ngokuqondile nge-sclera, noma ukugqoka kwangaphandle kweso. Izibani ezikhethekile zokukhanyisa ngaphakathi kweso, ama-lasers namathuluzi angafakwa kulezi zichweba. Phakathi ne-vitrectomy, i-vitreous fluid kanye ne-gel iyasuswa.
Kuye ngenkinga yezokwelapha, iso ligcwele umoya negesi egcwele. Lokhu kungenziwa ukuze kusize ukulungisa umshini wokutakula noma i-macular hole.
Esikhathini esithile, ngokuvamile amasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa, igesi liyabuyiselwa kabusha. Njengoba ibuyiswa kabusha, umbono ungase uphazamise noma uphambuke ngenxa ye-bubble eyenziwa yigesi. Njengoba iyancipha, umbono ungashintsha. Njengoba ibuyiswa kabusha, isikhala sigcwele amahlaya aqueous, uketshezi olwenziwe ngeso elivame ukugcwalisa ngaphambili, ikamelo langaphakathi leso.
Ngemuva kwe-vitrectomy, iziguli zizolandela ukuvakashelwa nodokotela. Amaconsi amancane ahlukene angasetshenziswa ukulawula ubuhlungu, avimbele ukutheleleka futhi anciphise ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala. Nakuba umbono uphuthukisa ngokushesha kubantu abaningi, ukubukwa okugcwele kubuyisa ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ukuhamba ngezindiza kufanele kugwenywe njengoba izinguquko ezingcindezini zingenza igesi landa noma landise futhi lenze ukuthi ukucindezeleka kweso kwande ngaphezu kwamazinga avumelekile. Nakuba kunezinsuku ezingavamile kakhulu manje, abanye abantu ababhekana ne-vitrectomy kumele bagweme ukubuka phezulu kumele bagcine umzimba wabo ube ogcwele ukuze ibhola lingasiza ukulungisa umonakalo we-retinal.
Kwezinye izimo, kusetshenziselwa amafutha we-silicone esikhundleni segesi. Noma kunjalo, kunezinzuzo eziningana ezifana nokuphulukiswa ngokushesha nokubuyiselwa okubukwayo, amafutha angasicone ekugcineni kufanele asuswe adinga inqubo yesibili yokuhlinzwa.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
Ezandleni zomchwepheshe onamandla oqeqeshiwe we-retinal, i-vitrectomy ngokuvamile inqubo ephephile. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ezifana ne-retinal detachment, glaucoma, ukuphuma kwegazi kanye nokutheleleka kwenzeka. I-Cataract iqala cishe njalo emva kwe-vitrectomy futhi ngenxa yalokho, iziguli ngokuvamile kufanele zithole ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract zingakapheli izinyanga noma eminyakeni embalwa edlule emva kwe-vitrectomy.