Izilinganiso ezijwayelekile ze-Panel STD Kufanele Uthole
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-STD kuyingxenye yokunakekelwa kwezempilo okujwayelekile. Ngeshwa, isikhathi esiningi asikho.
Uma ufuna ukwenza kahle ngezempilo yakho yezocansi futhi uhlolwe ama-STD, udinga ukwazi ukubuza udokotela wakho izivivinyo ozifunayo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ukuthi ufuna i-STD iphaneli ukuze uthole ukuthula kwengqondo yakho noma ngaphambi kokuba uthathe umlingani omusha ocansini.
Kungani Uhlolwa?
Enye yemibuzo evame kakhulu ebuza abachwepheshe bezocansi ukuthi, "Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngine-STD?" Impendulo kufanele ihlale njalo: Udinga ukuhlolwa kwe-STD.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-STD yindlela kuphela okwazi ngayo ukuthi une- STD . Kungani? Kunezizathu ezimbili ezibalulekile:
- Abantu bakhathazekile ngoba banezimpawu ze-STD.
- Abantu abazi ukuthi bakhathazeke ngoba abanayo izimpawu.
Izimpawu eziningi ze- STD azizona eziqondile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma yiziphi izimpawu onakho ezingabangelwa yizinombolo ezehlukene ze-STD. Bangahle babangelwa olunye uhlobo lwesifo ngokuphelele! Indlela kuphela yokuqiniseka ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho ze-STD ukuthi uhlolwe. Uma kungenjalo, noma yikuphi ukwelashwa udokotela okusho ukuthi akusebenzi ikakhulukazi ukusebenza.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iningi labantu abane-STD abanakho izimpawu . Lokho kusho ukuthi babheka, bahogela, futhi bazizwa befana ncamashi njengoba bengathanda ngaphandle kokuba ne-STD. Noma kunjalo, bangakwazi ukudlulisa izifo zabo kubalingani babo.
Bangase bahlangabezane nemiphumela yesikhathi eside, njengokungabi nabantwana .Indlela kuphela yokubona lezi STD ezifihliwe, futhi, ukuhlolwa.
Izivivinyo Ozifunayo
Ukucela iphaneli le-STD akuyona indlela enhle yokuhlola. Kunzima ukuqiniseka ukuthi kunini iphaneli elinikezwa udokotela noma isitifiketi sokuhlola. Ngaphandle kwalokho, udinga ukwazi ukuthi uhlolwe yini.
Uma kungenjalo, ungase ucabange ukuthi uhlolwe okuthile uma ungenayo ngempela.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi, uma ucela udokotela wakho ukuba ahlolwe, kungcono ukucela ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwe- STD. Ukuhlola okuphelele kwe-STD, kunemibuzo eminingi ongayicela. Lokhu kufaka:
Amagciwane e-Bacterial & Fungal
- I-gonorrhea ne- chlamydia yi-STD elula ukuhlolwa. Ngezinye izikhathi abesifazane abasebasha bahlolwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa-ke, akunjalo namantombazane angancika kulokho. Noma ubani onomlingani omusha noma ozakwethu abaningi kufanele ahlolwe ngalezi zifo ezimbili ze-STD. Lezi zifo ezimbili ze-STD zihlolwe nge-swab noma ukuhlolwa komchamo . Ngokuhlolwa komchamo, cishe uzothola imiphumela emuva ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zebhizinisi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Swab, okwenziwe ngamasu amasiko , kungathatha isonto. Kodwa hlola nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi uzokwenzela nini nokuthi bazoba nini. Ngezinye izikhathi ngeke bafinyelele kuwe uma yonke imiphumela yakho ingalungile.
- Ukuhlolwa okuningi kwe- syphilis kwenziwa nge-test test. Ukuhlolisiswa kwe-Syphilis kunconywa abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye namaqembu athile aphezulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi iziboshwa zasejele, amadoda ayenobungozi obukhulu besilisa nabesilisa, kanye neziguli ezine-STD. Uma kungenakho izimpawu, abanye abantu abavame ukuhlolelwa isifo se-syphilis. Lokhu kungenxa yengozi yamaphutha amanga . Uma uhlolwe usebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-VDRL ( ukuhlolwa kwegazi), kufanele uthole imiphumela yakho ngaphansi kweviki. Kukhona futhi ukuhlolwa okusheshayo, okungahlinzeka ngemiphumela engaphansi kwemizuzu engu-15. Ukuhlolwa kwe-syphilis okusheshayo ayitholakali kuwo wonke amahhovisi odokotela.
- I-Trichomoniasis ne- BV ngokuvamile ihlolwe ukusebenzisa i-swab yesisu. Udokotela wakho angabuka kule swab futhi akunike imiphumela yakho yokuhlola ngenkathi usesehhovisi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-trichomoniasis, enye inketho ukuthumela i-swab noma isampula yomchamo ebhodini. Khona-ke, kuye ngokuhlolwa okusetshenzisiwe, imiphumela yakho ingabuya noma yikuphi kusukela ngosuku olulodwa kuya kwesonto. Kukhona nokuhlolwa okusheshayo kwe-trichomonas okuthatha okungenani imizuzu engu-10. Qaphela: amadoda angeke ahlolwe i-trichomoniasis ngaphandle kokuthi umlingani wabo aphile, kodwa angahlolwa ngokusebenzisa umchamo.
Ama-STD omzimba
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV cishe njalo kuhlolwa kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, eminye imitholampilo ingahlola i-swab ye-fluid yakho yomlomo. Wonke umuntu kufanele ahlolwe, okungenani kanye, nge- HIV . Abantu abenza ukuziphatha okuyingozi kufanele bahlolwe kaningi. Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, okutholakala kuphela ezindaweni ezithile, kunganika imiphumela kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30. Ngokuvamile, isampula segazi noma isimiso sizothunyelwa, futhi uzothola imiphumela yakho ngaphansi kweviki.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Herpes kwenziwa nge- test test , ngaphandle kokuthi ube nezimpawu. Uma unezimpawu, ungase utholakale ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba noma i-swab yezilonda zakho. Abanye odokotela banqikazi ukusebenzisa i-herpes igazi ukuhlolwa uma kungekho izimpawu. Kukhona ukukhathazeka mayelana nobungozi bokuhlola amanga amanga, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlangene ne-herpes stigma. Imiphumela ngokuvamile ibuyele ezinsukwini ezingu-1-3.
- I-hepatitis iyatholakala ukuthi iqukethe uchungechunge lokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ungaphonywa futhi ukuthi ugonywe nge-hepatitis A no-B. Lezi zigonyane ziphakanyiswa kabanzi. Imiphumela yokuhlola ngokuvamile ithatha usuku noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngokuthi isampuli idinga ukuthunyelwa kuphi. Kukhona ukuhlolwa okusheshayo okunikeza imiphumela emizuzwini engu-20, kodwa kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okwengeziwe.
- Akukho ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwe- HPV kumadoda, ngaphandle kokuthi babe nobulili obufanayo. Noma kunjalo, abesifazane bangase bahlolwe i-HPV eceleni kwe- pap smear yabo. Abanye abadokotela bamazinyo bazophinde banikeze ukuhlolwa kwesilwane ngomlomo ukuze babheke izifo zomphimbo nge-HPV. Ngeshwa, lezi zivivinyo zomlomo azilula ukuthola. Lapho izivivinyo zitholakala khona, isikhathi sokushintsha ngokuvamile siyizinsuku ezimbalwa.
Noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvivinya ama-antibodies kungathatha izinyanga eziyisithupha ukuvula okuhle. Ukwengeza, ngokuvamile ngeke babe namahle okungenani amasonto ambalwa ngemva kokuba usulelekile. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Antibody kubandakanya ukuhlola okujwayelekile kwe-herpes ne-HIV. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlolwe emva kokuhlangana okuyingozi, kubalulekile ukuvumela udokotela wakho wazi. Kungase kube nezinye izinketho zokuhlola ukuthola izifo ezintsha kakhulu.
Ehhovisi likaDokotela
Uma uya kudokotela ukuze uhlolwe ama-STD, bangase baqale ngokukubuza imibuzo mayelana nezinto zakho eziyingozi . Ngemuva kokuhlola ukuthi yiziphi izifo osengozini, zizokuvivinya ngalezo zimo. Lokho kusho, uma wazi ukuthi usengozini yesifo esithile noma ufuna nje ukuhlolwa okuphelele, khuluma. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlolwe ukubuza.
Imitholampilo yomphakathi, njenge-Planned Parenthood, ukuhlolwa kwe-STD kaningi njengengxenye evamile yokuhlolwa konyaka. Ngeshwa, odokotela abaningi abazimele abazi . Ngakho-ke ungase ucabange ukuthi uphephile ngoba udokotela wakho akakutshelanga ukuthi unesifo. Noma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi awuhlolwanga nhlobo.
Kufanele njalo ubuze ukuthi iziphi izivivinyo ezihlolwayo udokotela wakho owenze. Unganqikazi ukucela ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe uma ucabanga ukuthi kufanelekile. Ukuhlolwa kwe-STD kuvamise, kodwa hhayi njalo, ehlanganiswa nomshuwalense. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuyatholakala mahhala emtholampilo .
Lezi zinsuku, ama-STD amaningi angahlolwa nge- urine noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi . Lezi ziyashesha futhi zingenabuhlungu. Akuvamile ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-STD kudinga i-swab ye-urethral emadodeni. Abesifazane abanenhlanhla. Kungase kusadingeka ukuthi babe ne-swab yesisu esenzelwe ukuhlola ukutheleleka okuthile kwamagciwane. Kodwa-ke, i-swab yesisu akufanele ikhululeke. Abesifazane abanesifo bangakwazi ukubuza odokotela babo uma bengakwazi ukwenza i-swab yabo.
Indlela Yokubuza Ukuhlolwa Kwe-STD
Ungamane nje ucele "ukuhlolwa kwe-STD" noma ngisho "ukuhlolwa kwe-STD olunzulu." Lezo zicelo zisho izinto ezihlukene odokotela abahlukene. Okufanayo kuyiqiniso ngokucela i-STD iphaneli. Kunalokho, kufanele usho okuthile okufana nalokhu:
- "Nakuba ngihlale ngenza ubulili obuphephile, ngithanda ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi zonke ukuze ngibe nokuthula kwengqondo. Ngakho-ke, ngingathanda ukuhlolwa i-chlamydia, i-gonorrhea, i-syphilis, i-herpes, i-HIV, ne-trichomoniasis, sicela." Noma ...
- "Ngizoqala ukulala nomlingani omusha futhi thina bobabili sithanda ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuba senze. Ungangilinga yini ama-STD, ama-ARV, nama-herpes?" Noma ...
- "Ngisanda kuba nobulili obuvikelekile futhi ngikhathazekile ukuthi umlingani wami ungangifakazela okuthile. Unganginika yini ibhethri egcwele yezivivinyo ze-STD kuhlanganise i-chlamydia, i-gonorrhea, i-syphilis, i-HIV, i-herpes, ne-hepatitis? Ngiyazi ukuthi kungathatha ezinye zazo zivivinya isikhathi esithile ukuze ziphenduke kahle, kodwa zingenza ngizizwe kangcono ukwenza okuthile. "
Uma udokotela wakho ethi Cha
Odokotela abaningi bazimisele ukukuhlola ama-STD uma ubabuza futhi uchaze ukuthi kungani kubalulekile kuwe. Kodwa-ke, abanye odokotela babi kakhulu mayelana nokuhlola . Bangase bangacabangi ukuthi ukuhlolwa kubalulekile. Kungenzeka ukuthi abazi ukuthi ukuhlolwa okuhlola okuthile, okunjengaleyo ye-herpes yobulili, kukhona. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, unezinketho eziningana:
- Buza ukuthi kungani bengathandi ukukuhlola. Khona-ke ungachaza ngokuzithoba ukuthi kungani ungavumelani nanoma yimiphi imibono yabo futhi ngabe usafuna ukuhlolwa.
- Thola udokotela ohlukile.
- Vakashela umzali ohleliwe noma umtholampilo we-STD lapho odokotela bekwaziswa kangcono mayelana nokuhlolwa.
- Sebenzisa isevisi yokuhlola inthanethi . (Akuwona wonke amasevisi wokuhlola e-intanethi afana nalokhu. Yenza ucwaningo lwakho kuqala! Uma uhamba ngale ndlela, kufanele, okungenani, ubheke ozokuthumela ebhodini elivamile lezokwelapha endaweni yakho, njenge- Quest Diagnostics noma i-LabCorp. isevisi oyikhethayo kufanele inikeze nokululekwa emva kokuhlolwa nokudluliselwa kokwelashwa.)
Ubumfihlo kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-STD
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-STD ihlanganiswa yi-HIPPA - Umthetho Wobumfihlo We-Insurance Umthetho kanye noMthetho Wokunakekelwa Kwempilo. Lokho kusho ukuthi ukufinyelela emiphumeleni yakho kulinganiselwe kuwe, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo, nanoma ubani okhetha ukuwabelana naye. Kodwa-ke izifo eziningi ze-STD ziyizifo ezingenaso isizwe. Lokho kusho ukuthi imiphumela yakho yalezi zifo kumele ibuye ibikwe emnyangweni wezeMpilo kahulumeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwamanye athi, umnyango wezezempilo kudingeka uzise abalingani bakho bocansi noma abalingani abelana nabo ngezingane ngemiphumela emihle yokuhlolwa.
Kungani imiphumela ye-STD engekho eyimfihlo njengeminye imiphumela yokuhlolwa? Kungenxa yokuthi imithetho yezwe idinga ukukwabelana ngolwazi lwe-STD ukuvikela impilo yomphakathi. Imithetho eqondile echaza ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi olufanele lunikezwe luhlukahluka kusuka kumbuso kuya kwesimo. Ngezifo eziningi, ukuxilongwa kubikwa kuhulumeni ngaphandle kokuthola ulwazi. Kodwa-ke, amanye amazwe adinga imiphumela emihle yokuhlolwa ukuze kubikwe eceleni kolwazi olwanele ukukukhomba kumagunya ezempilo yomphakathi. Uma ukhathazekile ngokuyimfihlo , ukuhlolwa kwe-STD engaziwa kuyatholakala ezinkampanini eziningi zokuhlola inthanethi kanye nemitholampilo ethile ye-STD.
Izwi elivela
Uma uvulekile futhi uhamba phambili ngezizathu zakho zokufuna ukuhlolwa, odokotela abaningi bayokuhlonipha ngesifiso sakho sokunakekela impilo yakho. Kodwa-ke, uma uthola esinye isenzo esivela kudokotela wakho, kulungile ukubuka kwenye indawo ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Izinqumo zakho zobulili zingezakho. Akuyona indawo yakho udokotela ukukwahlulela ngabo. Umsebenzi wabo ukunakekela impilo yakho futhi kukusize wenze okufanayo.
> Imithombo:
> Barbee LA, uDhanireddy S, Tat SA, Marrazzo JM. Izithiyo zokuhlolwa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi ezihlotshiswe ngculazi Abesilisa abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi Abalala Ngabantu Ababandakanyekile Ekunakekelweni kwe-HIV Primary. I-Dis Trans Trans Dis. 2015 Okthoba; 42 (10): 590-4. i-doi: 10.1097 / OLQ.0000000000000320.
> Feltner C, Grodensky C, Ebel C, Middleton JC, Harris RP, Ashok M, Jonas DE. I-Serologic Screening ye-Herpes Genital: Umbiko Wokufakaza Okubuyekeziwe kanye Nokubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile kwe-US Preventive Services Task Force. I-JAMA. 2016 Dec 20; 316 (23): 2531-2543. doi: 10.1001 / jama.2016.17138.
> Golden MR, Hughes JP, Dombrowski JC. Ukuthuthukisa isikhathi sokuhlola i-HIV njengengxenye yosizo lwezokwelapha njalo. Ukunakekelwa Kwesifo Sengculazi STDS. 2017 Jan; 31 (1): 27-32. doi: 10.1089 / apc.2016.0185.
> Wangu Z, Burstein GR. Ubulili obusakhulayo: Ukubuyekezwa ezikhombandlela zokutheleleka ngokocansi. I-Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017 Apr; 64 (2): 389-411. doi: 10.1016 / j.pcl.2016.11.008.