Ukukhululwa komdlavuza ngokuzenzakalelayo kuchazwa ngokuthi ukukhululwa komdlavuza ngaphandle kokwelashwa, noma nge ukwelashwa okungenakulindelwa ukudala isisu sibe sinciphise okuningi. Ukukhululwa okungajwayelekile kungahle kube okuyingxenye noma okuphelele futhi kungase kube okwesikhashana noma okuphakade.
Eyaziwa nangokuthi "isisu seSt. Peregrine," sekuye kwaphawula ukuthi umdlavuza uye wanyamalala iminyaka eminingi.
U-Peregrine Laziozi wayengumpristi wekhulu le-13 owayenomdlavuza (mhlawumbe umcuba we-tibia wakhe) owayengumdlavuza owawanyamalala ngemuva kokuthi uhlehliswe umlenze oqukethe lesi sifo. Umdlavuza wawusikho-kwakungekho uphawu lwe-tumor.
Ngokuqinisekile, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlolwa okungalungile kwenziwa ngekhulu le-13, kodwa ekhulwini lama-21, sinokufakaza okungenakuphikwa ukuthi ukuxazulula okuzenzakalelayo kwenzeka ngezinye izikhathi.
Kwenzeka Kanjani Kakhulu
Nakuba sibheke ngokucacile amacala okuguqulwa okuzenzekelayo, kunzima ukwazi ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani ngokujwayelekile. Siyazi ukuthi akuyona into engavamile, ngezifundo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane ezincwadini. Ngaphandle kwalezi zifundo ezibhalisa umdlavuza ohamba ngaphandle kokwelashwa, akucaci ukuthi kaningi umdlavuza wenza kanjani ngaphandle kokuphathwa noma okungenani wehle ngosayizi naphezu kokwelashwa.
Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sigameko sibe cishe abantu abangu-1 kwabangu-100 000, kodwa kunzima ukwazi ukuthi lelo nani likhona ngisho naku-ballpark.
Kubonakala sengathi ivame kakhulu kunezinye izicubu kunabanye, ngokuguqulwa okuzenzekelayo kwegciwane legazi elihlobene negazi njenge-lymphoma, kanye nezifo zesikhumba ezinjenge-melanoma ezibikwa ngokuvamile.
Nakuba izifundo eziningi zokuxoxisana ngokuzenzekelayo zibuke emuva ngesikhathi zizama ukuthola ukuthi kungani umdlavuza usuke usuvele uhambe, isifundo se-2008 esizobe sibheke sasiveza ukuthi ukuxoxwa okuzenzekelayo kuvamile kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo.
Kulesi sifundo sibheke ukuhlolwa kwe-mammography, kutholakale ukuthi ezinye izifo zomdlavuza wezinyo ezingenakuthola zihlonishwa ngokuzenzakalela. Lolu cwaningo olushicilelwe kwi- Archives of Internal Medicine lwalinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angu-22 emdlavuza webele we-invasive ahamba ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zicubu zaziyizintambo-abesifazane babengacabangi-babengenalo indlela yokukwazi ukuthi banomdlavuza ongenayo ngaphandle kokuhlolwa. Njengoba kunama-cancer amaningi asinayo izindlela zokuhlola, kungenzeka ukuthi umdlavuza we-invasive wokuqala uvele-futhi uyahamba ngaphambi kokuxilongwa-okuningi kaningi kunalokho esikucabangayo.
Izimbangela
Asiqiniseki ngokuphelele ukuthi izibalo zamangqamuzana ukuthi zingamanga ngaphansi kokunciphisa komdlavuza ngokuzenzekelayo. Kuye kwashiwo izinkolelo eziye zahlukanisa izimbangela ezivela ezingokomoya ezingabangela izifo zomzimba. Lokho kusho, isisekelo sokuzivikela nge-immunologic singase sibe nomqondo ozwakalayo.
Ukutheleleka & Uhlelo Lokuzivikela Emzimbeni
Ukubheka abantu abaye bakhipha ukukhishwa okuzenzakalelayo kwamanqamu abo, kusheshe kuqaphele ukuthi iningi lalezi zimbangela zihlobene nokutheleleka okunamandla. Izifo ngokuvamile ziholela emkhunjini nasekuvuseleleni amasosha omzimba.
Siyazi ukuthi amasosha omzimba wethu anamandla okulwa nomdlavuza.
Yilokho, empeleni, lo logic ngemuva immunotherapy. Imithi ye-Immunotherapy , ngenkathi isencane, ibangele ukukhishwa okukhulu komdlavuza kwabanye abantu, ngisho nasezigabeni eziphakeme zomdlavuza. Lezi zidakamizwa zisebenza ngezindlela ezehlukene, kepha isihloko esijwayelekile ukuthi ziqinisa ikhono lamasosha ethu omzimba ukulwa nomdlavuza.
Izifo eziye zahlotshaniswa nokuxoxwa okuzenzekelayo zibandakanya i-diphtheria, isishukela, isifo sofuba, isibindi, i-gonorrhea, i-malaria, isibhokotshi, i-syphilis, nesifo sofuba.
Iziguli zesimo
Ngokumangazayo, naphezu kokucwaninga kwamacala angaphezu kwenkulungwane kulezi zincwadi, akuzange kube khona ucwaningo oluningi olubheke kulokho okushiwo ukuxolelwa okuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kwalokhu kubambisana nokutheleleka.
Okusho ukuthi, ngaphandle kwe-oncologist eyodwa ehlangene nomfundi waseHarvard owashicilela incwadi ethi "Ukuxoshwa Okukhululekile: Ukusinda Kwelinye I-Cancer Against All Odds , " ebheka abantu abanomdlavuza abanemiphumela engcono kunalokho okungabikezelwa.
Impendulo yalokho okwenza isiguli esingavamile asilula. Azikho izinyathelo ezicacile, isibonelo, ukuthi abantu bangalandela. Futhi akubonakali ukuthi uboshwe ekuzameni ukwelashwa kwamuva kokuhlanganiswa. Okumangazi yilokho okunye okucwaningweni okukutholile-izici zabantu abaye baxoxwa ngokuzenzekelayo.
Esinye isici esiyinhloko ukuxhumeka-into ebonakala ithola umehluko emkhakheni wokuphila, okungenani, kulabo abanomdlavuza. Lokhu kufaka ukuxhumeka kuNkulunkulu (noma amandla aphezulu), uqobo, umndeni nabangane, odokotela nabahlengikazi, nezinye iziguli. Ngokuqinisekile ukubamba iqhaza emphakathini wokusekela umdlavuza uye wabasiza abantu abaningi ukuba babhekane nezinkinga zomzwelo nokuzihlukanisa nokuphila nomdlavuza. Akukho lutho olufana nokukhuluma nomuntu owake waba khona. Kuye kwaba nezifundo eziningi eziphakamisa nokuthi ukusinda kungcono kulabo abathinteke kahle emndenini nabangane.
Kodwa esinye isici esingamangali salowo oye wabhekana nokuxoxwa okuzenzekelayo kungukuthi ukukhuthaza. Ngokuthuthuka kocwaningo lwezokwelapha olumayelana nomdlavuza, okuyinto enzima kunoma yimuphi udokotela ukuba ahlale phezulu, ukuba ngummeli wakho noma ukukhuthaza abathandekayo bakho ngomdlavuza kuwumqondo omuhle ukuqala, futhi kungathuthukisa imiphumela.
Umbiko Wezehlakalo
Umbiko we-2010 Wokuhlinzwa Okwamanje wakhuphula lokho abanye abaye bakuthola esikhathini esidlule, futhi lokho okubhalwe kahle njengokwedluliselwa okuvela kumdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Owesifazane oneminyaka engu-69 ubudala watholakala enesifo se-lung adenocarcinoma , ifomu lomdlavuza ongasona omncane wamaphaphu . Umdlavuza wakhe wawusakazelele ezinyangeni zakhe ezingaphezu kwe-adrenal-izidakamizwa ze- adrenal- ngakho-ke, zazibizwa ngokuthi yisigaba se-IV esingenasincane lomdlavuza wamaphaphu wamaphaphu . Umdlavuza wesifo se-Stage IV uyisigaba esinzima kunazo zonke zesifo ngesilinganiso sokusinda kunazo zonke.
Inyanga eyodwa emva kokuxilongwa kwakhe, futhi ngaphambi kokuthola ukwelashwa, kokubili isisu emaphazini akhe kanye ne-metastasis kuya kwesikhumba sakhe se-adrenal sehlile kakhulu ku-CT scan kanye ne- PET scan . (I-PET scan is a test imaging esebenzisa glucose radioactive, futhi ivumela odokotela ukuthola ukuhlolwa okunembile kwemisebenzi ye-tumor kunokuba ku-CT noma i-MRI kuphela.) Wabe esehlinzwa ngenxa yomdlavuza wamaphaphu futhi wenza kahle ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-14.
Yini Esingayifunda?
Ngokuqinisekile, ukuxoxwa okuvamile kungavamile, futhi bekuyobe kudala ithemba elingamanga lokuchitha isikhathi esiningi ngokucabangela lokhu kungenzeka. Kodwa ukukhuluma ngokutholakala okungavamile kokuxoxwa okuzenzakalelayo kugcizelela into ebalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu ophila nomdlavuza. Izibalo ziyizinombolo. Basitshela indlela umuntu "ojwayelekile" akwenze ngayo ngesikhathi esidlule ngenkathi elashwa. Abanokwethenjelwa kakhulu ekubikezeleni ukuthi umuntu oyedwa oyedwa ongayenza kanjani, noma ukuthi ubani ozophendula manje ukuthi izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha nezincono zitholakalayo.
Ukubheka ezinye zezici "zeziguli ezihlukile" nomdlavuza kungasinika ezinye izinkomba zokukhulisa izingqinamba zethu. Njengoba ukuxhumana nomphakathi kubalulekile, cabanga ngokujoyina umphakathi wokusekela umdlavuza . Cela futhi uzimisele ukuthola usizo nokusekelwa kusuka emndenini nabangani. Futhi funda indlela yokuzivikela njengesiguli somdlavuza .
Ukubheka ukuxoxwa okuzenzakalelayo, futhi lesi simo somuntu umdlavuza wakhe wamaphaphu "sinyamalale ngokumangalisayo" kusikhumbuza ukuthi sinokuningi okumele sikufunde futhi ngethemba lokuthi lolu lwazi olusha luzosiqondisa ezinkombeni ezintsha nezincono ekunakekeleni abantu abanomdlavuza ikusasa.
> Imithombo:
> Engebretson, J., Peterson, N., noMn. Frenkel. Iziguli ezingavamile: Izinkondlo zokuxhumana. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Palliative nokusekela . 12 (4): 29-276.
> Frenke, M., Lev Ari, S., Engebretson, J. et al. Ukusebenzisana Phakathi Kweziguli Eziyingqayizivele NeCanscer. Ukondla Ukusekela Ekhanda . 2011. 19 (8): 1125-1132.
> Haruki, T., Makamura, H., Tanaguchi, Y. et al. Ukunciphisa okungajwayelekile kwe-Lung Adenocarcinoma: Umbiko we-Case. Ukuhlinzwa namuhla . 2010. 40 (12): 1155-8.
> UJessy, T. Immunity phezu kokungabi nalutho: Ukunciphisa okungajwayelekile komdlavuza. Journal of Science Science, Biology, kanye neMithi . 2011. 2 (1): 43-49.
> Zahl, P., Maehlen, J., no H. Welch. Umlando Wezemvelo Wezinsana Zomdlavuza Wezinsana Ezivame Ukutholakala Ngokwemifanekiso Yokuhlola. I-Archives of Medicine yangaphakathi . 2008. 168 (21): 2311-6.