Isifo sikashukela singabangela izinkinga ezibalulekile ezithinta iso uma zingakhululwa kahle futhi zilawulwa kahle. I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela iyona evame kakhulu kulezi zinkinga futhi iyimbangela ehamba phambili yobumpumputhe kubantu abadala baseMelika.
Izimpawu
Ekuqaleni kwe-diabetes retinopathy, azikho izimpawu zangempela. Iziguli azizi ukuthi imiphumela yesifo sikashukela sinaso emehlweni abo.
Njengoba i-retinopathy iqhubeka, noma kunjalo, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingase zibe sobala:
- Iziguli zingase zikhononde nge-specks, amabala noma izintambo .
- Umbono ophakathi ungase uphuke noma ungene futhi uphume.
- Iziguli zingase zikhononde nge-streaks noma ukuvinjelwa kombono uma kwenzeka isifo esikhulu segazi singena ngaphakathi kweso.
- Abanye bangabona ukuthi kunzima ukubona ebusuku.
Izimbangela
Isizathu esiyinhloko ekuthuthukiseni i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela yisifo sikashukela esingalawulwa noma ushukela ophezulu wegazi. Ubukhulu be-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela buhlobene ngqo nokulawulwa ushukela egazini. I- retina , isendlalelo esibucayi esisekugcineni kweso, sinokunikezwa okunemithwalo yegazi. Lapho amazinga kashukela egazi ephakeme kakhulu, le mithwalo yegazi iba buthakathaka. Igazi nomswakama ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi kuphuma ku-retina. Izitsha ezintsha zegazi zikhula, kodwa zinyumba futhi zingase zivuza. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-retina ivule futhi ichithe izakhi kanye ne-oksijeni, ebangela ukulahleka kombono kanye nokungaboni.
Izingozi Zezingozi
- Isifo sikashukela: Iziguli zesifo sikashukela zisengozini yokuthuthukisa i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela. Uma isikhathi eside isiguli sinesifo sikashukela, kungenzeka ukuthi bayakwazi ukuthuthukisa lesi sifo.
- Ukukhulelwa: Abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela noma isifo sikashukela abanesifo sikashukela banomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nezinkinga ngenkathi bekhulelwe.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme : Abantu abanegazi eliphezulu banengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo.
- I-cholesterol ephezulu: Ukuba ne-cholesterol ephezulu kwandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela.
- Ubuhlanga: Ukuba ifa laseSpanishi noma le-Afrika-laseMelika libeka umuntu engxenyeni engozini yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo.
Izigaba
I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela iqhubekela phambili ngezigaba ezine eziyinhloko: okuncane okungahambi kahle, okungekho emthethweni, okunamandla okungahambi kahle, okunamandla okungahambi kahle futhi okunamandla okwehla kwesifo sikashukela.
- I-nonproliferative elula: inani elincane lokuvuvukala livela emithanjeni yegazi.
- I-non-proliferative elinganiselwe: izitsha zegazi zivinjelwe futhi zivuza amanzi.
- I-non-immliferative ekhululekile: i-retina iyalahlwa izakhi kanye ne-oxygen.
- Ukuhamba phambili: Izitsha ezingavamile zegazi ziqala ukukhula, kodwa zibuthakathaka futhi ziqala ukuvuza, okungenzeka zenze i-glaucoma, izintambo zokubuyisela emuva, nokuphuphuthekisa.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukubona i-optometrist yakho noma i-ophthalmologist ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwamehlo njalo ngonyaka noma ngokuvamile kuzosiza ekutholeni ukuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela uzophatha amaconsi ehlose akhethekile ukuze ahlaziye abafundi. Lokhu kwandisa abafundi ukuze yonke i-retina, kanye nesibindi se-optic, i-macula, nemithambo yegazi, ingabonwa.
Udokotela usebenzisa ama-lens akhethekile namakhulu amancane ukuze ahlolisise i-nertic optic kanye ne-macula yesifo sobuso besifo sikashukela. Izivivinyo ezikhethekile zedayi-injection, okuthiwa i-fluorescein angiograms, ingasetshenziswa ukuxilonga ngokunembile izindawo ezithile zenkinga.
Ukwelapha
Ngezigaba ezilinganiselwe zokuthola i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela, inqubo ye-laser ekhethekile ingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwemithwalo yegazi. Ngezigaba ezinzima kakhulu, "izindlela zokwelashwa ezilahlekile" zingasetshenziselwa ukunciphisa imithwalo yegazi evuza futhi zivimbele izimbangela ezibangela isifo sikashukela ukuba senzeke. Ukwelashwa kwama-laser okusabalalisa kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kombono wesibindi kanye nobusuku, kodwa kungavimbela ukuphuphutheka okukhulu ekuthuthukiseni.
I-"vitrectomy" ingenziwa uma ukuphuma kwegazi okubonakalayo kwenzeka emcimbini weso. Umthamo wamanzi we-vitreal uyasuswa, kanye negazi, futhi kufakwe esikhundleni se-fluid ecacile.
Izinkinga
Ukukhula okungavamile kwemithambo yegazi entsha kungabangela ezinye izinkinga.
- I-Vitreous hemorrhage: Izitsha ezintsha zegazi zingangena kwi-vitreous. Ezimweni ezimbi, igazi lingagcwalisa ngokuphelele i-vitreous cavity futhi ivimbele yonke imibono.
- I-traction detectment: Izitsha ezintsha zegazi zihambisana nokukhula kwezicubu ezibomvu. Izicubu ezibomvu zingahle zinciphise futhi zidonsa i-retina kude nodonga lwaso.
- I-glaucoma yegazi: Izitsha zegazi ezingavamile zingakhula kwi-iris. Lokhu kungaphazamisa ukugeleza okujwayelekile kwamehlo akho futhi kubangele ukucindezela esweni lakho ukwandise, okuholela ku-glaucoma.