Isiko yindlela esetshenziselwa ukukhomba izilwane ezisolakala ukuthi zibangela ukutheleleka. Izitshalo zisetshenziselwa ukukhomba izifo ezincane ezithathelwanayo ezivela emcimbini, isitoli, umzila wesisu, umphimbo kanye nesampuli sesikhumba. Esikhathini sezinyosi, ukuhlolwa kwesiko kusetshenziselwa ukucacisa ukuthi ukushayeka kubangelwa ukutheleleka nokuthi yiziphi izinto ezithintekayo.
Kuyini Amasiko?
Ukuhlolwa kwesiko kuveza imbangela yokutheleleka futhi kuvumela udokotela ukuba ahlaziye ngokunembile futhi anikeze imithi ngokufanele.
Isiko siqukethe okulandelayo:
- Isitsha. Iziqukathi ezivamile zihlanganisa izitsha zikaPetri kanye nama-tubes wokuhlola.
- I-medium medium. Leli yi "goo" lapho izilwane zikhula khona. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 zezindlela zemithombo yamasiko ezenzelwe ukuhlinzekela indawo enhle yokwenza izinto ezithile zikhule, kusuka usawoti, ushukela, amaminerali, i-agar, i-agent agent esetshenziswa ukwenza amasiko aqinile.
- Isampula. Isiko kumele sifake isisulu noma isampuli esiphuthumayo esolwa ukuthi sinesifo.
Uma udokotela eyala isiko, kufanele acacise uhlobo lwezinto eziphilayo ezisolakala. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kulula: isiko le-bacterial on abscess noma isiko lesandulela ngculazi ngesilonda sangasese esibukeka njenge- herpes . Uma kungabonakali ukuthi yikuphi uhlobo lwezinto eziphilayo ezihilelekile, udokotela angalawula izinhlobo eziningi zamasiko, njengezicubu zesicathulo kanye nesiko le-fungal sokuqhuma okungavamile .
Uma isiko sikhombisa umzimba, isilwane singase sibekwe emithini ehlukene ukuze sibone ukuthi yiziphi eziphumelela kakhulu.
Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi kunquma ukuzwela komzimba.
Izinhlobo Zemvelo
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamasiko: okuqinile, amanzi kanye neseli.
- Isiko esiqinile. Ama-bacteria kanye ne-fungi zikhula phezu komhlaba okunezakhi, izasawoti kanye ne-agar, esukela ku-algae. I-microbe eyodwa ayanele ukwandisa ikoloni lonke elakhiwe izinkulungwane zamaseli, yilokho okwenza amasiko aqinile akwazi ukuwusizo. Izilwane ezihlukahlukene zizobonisa imibala ehlukene, ubujamo, ubukhulu kanye namazinga okukhula, okusiza ama-microbiologists ukuba ahlolwe kahle.
- Isiko samanzi. Isiko samakhemikhali sitshalwe enhlanganisweni yamanzi. Lapho izinto eziphilayo zikhona ngokwengeziwe emkhakheni, ngokushesha nje uketshezi luba lukhuni. Amasiko amachiza awawusizo njengamasiko aqinile ngoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo ezikhona, okwenza kube nzima ukukhomba okuthize. Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga izifo ezithathelwanayo.
- Isiko leselula. Esikhathini samasiko esitokisini, amangqamuzana omuntu nesilwane asetshenziselwa ukuthelela isiko lesitokisi nama-organisms okwamanje. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe endleleni amangqamuzana abhekene ngayo. Ukuhlola iziko zeselula kuhileleka ngokwengeziwe ukuthi amasiko aqinile kanye namanzi, ngakho asetshenziswa njengendlela yesibili.
Imithombo:
"Amasiko." I-Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, umhla ka-31 Ed. I-Philadelphia: Saunders, 2007.
"Amasiko." I-Stedman's Medical Dictionary, 28 ka-Ed. I-Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, ngo-2006. 469.