I-cholera ingasula ngokushesha umzimba wamanzi, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kubalulekile. Indlela eyinhloko yokwelapha lesi sifo yi-therapy yokuguqula imishanguzo, nakuba ama-antibiotic angase abekwe kwezinye izimo.
Ukwelapha Ukubuyiswa Kwamanzi
Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwekholera kuyingozi yokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ukwelashwa kabusha kwemithi ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuqala yokuzivikela kubantu abanezimpawu.
Lezi zindlela zokwelashwa zivame ukuqhutshwa ekhaya, nakuba zisesimweni esibucayi, ukuvuselelwa kabusha kungase kudingeke kwenzeke ngosizo lwethimba lezokwelapha.
Izifo zokwelapha nge-oral Oral Rehydration
Iningi labantu abanekholera lingaphatha izimpawu zokuphefumula ngokweqile-ngokuvamile ngezingxube esivele zikhona.
Iziphuzo zokuvuselela amanzi kanye nama-powders angenakonakala zivame ukutholakala kuma-pharmacy, kodwa ku-pinch, isisombululo esilula sokuvuselelwa ngomlomo (ORS) singenziwa ekhaya usebenzisa ifomula elandelayo:
- 1/2 i-spoonful encane kasawoti
- Izithako eziyi-6 zeshukela
- 1 litre lamanzi
Kungakanani ukuthi i-ORS okufanele ithathwe itholakala ngobukhulu bomuntu nobungakanani bomuntu. Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezinyanga ezine, isibonelo, kufanele zithole ama-milliliters angama-200 kuya kwangu-400 emahoreni amane okuqala, kanti abantu abadala bazodinga ama-2200 kuya ku-4000 milliliters ngaleso sikhathi. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi uma wenza i-ORS ekhaya (kufaka phakathi ukusebenzisa ama-powders ongaxubeki), kubalulekile ukuba amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile ahlanzeke asetshenziselwe ukugwema ukungcoliswa okuqhubekayo.
Uma kungabikho inani le-ORS, amanzi alula angasiza futhi kuze kube yilapho i-ORS ingathathwa, futhi abantwana abancelisayo kufanele baqhubeke nokunakekela uma bekwazi.
Imithi yokwelashwa yokuphulukisa amanzi (IV)
Ezimweni zokuphelelwa amandla ngokweqile kwamanzi, kungase kungabi ngokwanele ukuzama futhi ukuvuselela kabusha ekhaya. Usizo lwezokwelapha usebenzisa i-IV fluids kungadingeka ukuze kugweme ukushaqeka noma ukufa-ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.
Lawa manzi e-IV afana ne-ORS ngokuthi agcwalisa uketshezi emzimbeni, kanye nama-electrolyte adingekayo kabi, kodwa ngoba afakwe ngqo emzimbeni wegazi angakwazi ukubhekana ngokushesha nemiphumela yokuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni.
Kwezinye izimo, umuntu uzonikezwa ama-ORS ngesikhathi esifanayo njenge-IV drip, bese ushintshela ukuthatha nje i-ORS uma amazinga e-hydration ephathwa kahle.
Isikhathi
Amanani kanye nezikhathi zombili ze-ORS kanye ne-IV zokwelashwa kungase kudingeke zilungiswe kuye ngokuthi kangakanani ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi futhi nokuthi isifo sohudo nokuhlanza sisaphila. Kuzo zonke izimo, inani lamanzi afinyelelayo kufanele libe ngaphezu kwenani elilinganisiwe eliphuma emzimbeni.
Ngokushesha ngemva kokuthola lezi zindlela zokwelashwa, abaningi bazoqala ukubona izimpawu zokuvuselelwa kabusha, njengokuthi:
- Okwesithathu uyekile
- Ifuna ukuvuthwa futhi ngesilinganiso esivamile, futhi umchamo ulula futhi ubala
- Isilinganiso senhliziyo sibuyela emuva evamile
- Uma isikhumba sikhonjiwe, ngokushesha sibuyela endaweni yaso evamile
Zombili izinhlobo zokwelashwa kabusha zikwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokufa ngenxa yokwehla kwamanzi okubangelwa yi-cholera. Uma isetshenziswe ngokushesha futhi ngendlela efanele, inganciphisa ukushona okungaphansi kwama-1 amaphesenti amacala.
Ama-antibiotics
Abantu abaningi abane-cholera (kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngamaphesenti angu-80) bangaphinde baphinde basebenzise ukwelashwa kwe-rehydration kuphela. Ezimweni ezigula kakhulu, noma kunjalo, ama-antibiotic angasetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubude besikhathi umuntu ogula, kanye nokuthi bachitha isikhathi esingakanani ukuchitha amabhaktheriya ezindaweni zabo.
Le mithi isetshenziswa ngaphezu kwezixazululo zokuvuselela amanzi-hhayi endaweni yazo. Ama-antibiotics yodwa akwanele ukugcina umuntu engabulawa yikholera, nakuba anganciphisa inani lokukhipha amanzi kabusha umuntu okuzodinga.
Njengamanje, i-doxycycline yisidakamizwa sokuqala yokukhetha ukwelapha ukwelashwa, kodwa ezinye-njenge-tetracycline, i-azithromycin, i-erythromycin, nezinye-ziye zaboniswa ukuthi ziphakathi kwezokwelapha eziphumelelayo kakhulu futhi zingase zinconywe kubantu abakhethekile.
Esinye sezizathu ukuthi le mithi ayisetshenzisiwe kakhulu ngenxa yengozi ekhulayo yezinhlobo zekholera ezingamelana nezidakamizwa ezingaphezu kokungahloniphi tetracycline, phakathi kwamanye ama-anti-microbial. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwalezi zinhlobo zemithi kubangele ukuthi amabhaktheriya awavumelanisa nabo, okwenza ukuthi izifo zingasebenzi kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, odokotela bakhuthazwa ukuba bacele kuphela imishanguzo yezokwelapha ukuze kube nezimo ezinzima eziye zaqala ukuthola ama-flu flu.
Esinye isizathu sokuthi lezi zidakamizwa azisebenziswanga njalo ukuthi umphumela ohlangothini lwalawa ma-antibiotic isisicasuli kanye nokuhlanza, okwandisa izimpawu ezingathandeki futhi ngezinye izikhathi eziyingozi ezivame ukwenzeka ezimweni zekholera .
I-Zinc
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi izithako ze-iInc ezihlinzekwa izingane ngekholera zinganciphisa isikhathi esithile ingane isifo sohudo futhi senze kube nzima kakhulu. Uma inikezwa eceleni kwama-antibiotic kanye nemithi yokwelashwa kabusha, ukunikeza ama-10 kuya ku-20mg we-zinc ngosuku kubonakala ukuyeka ukuhudoza amahora angu-8 ngaphambili futhi ngevolumu elingaphansi kwezingu-10 kunamacala lapho ukunikezelwa kunganikezwa khona.
Lolu cwaningo luhambisana nezifundo ezibonisa umphumela ofanayo kwezinye izifo zesifo sohudo, hhayi nje ngekholera.
> Imithombo:
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. Ikholera - Ukutheleleka kwe-Vibrio cholerae: Ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic.
> Amasevisi Okulawula Nokuvimbela Izifo. Ikholera - Ukutheleleka kwe-Vibrio cholerae: Ukwelashwa kabusha.