Isifo se-Lyme yisifo esivame kakhulu ukuphazamiseka kwekhakiti e-United States. Kungathinta amalunga akho, isimiso sezinzwa, inhliziyo, isikhumba, namehlo. Idluliselwa ngokulunywa kwezinhlobo ezithile zemikhaza eyaziwa ngokuthi amakhizane amnyama noma ama-deer. Izikhupha zezinyamazane ezindala ziphathelene nobukhulu bezinhlobo ze-nesame nezinkomba ze-nymphal (baby) zingaba ubukhulu benkathi ekupheleni kwalo musho .
Ukunciphisa ukuvezwa kwemikhaza kungukuzivikela kwakho okungcono kakhulu ekunqumeni isifo seLyme. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene ongazisebenzisa ukuvimbela nokulawula isifo se-Lyme.
Gwema izindawo ezithintekayo zeThikithi
Nakuba ngokuvamile kuphela amaphesenti angu-1 azo zonke izingxube zezinyamazane ezithathelwana ne-Lyme izifo ze-bacteria, kwezinye izindawo ezingaphezu kwesigamu zazo zigcina amagciwane. Abantu abaningi abanesifo se-Lyme banesandulela ngculaza ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi, lapho ama-ticks amancane egcwele kakhulu. Ezimweni ezifudumele, izikhukhula zikhula futhi ziyaluma phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika.
Amathikithi e-Deer avame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezinamapulangwe nezinhlanga ezinotshani obude namagqabi amaqabunga, kanye neziqhingi eziseduze, futhi zivame kakhulu lapho lezi zici ezimbili zihlangana khona. Bangakwazi futhi ukuhlala emasinini nasemasimini, ikakhulukazi emaphethelweni ezinkuni nasezindongeni zamatshe ezindala.
Kungenxa yokuthi imikhaza emdala idla inyamazane, izindawo lapho izinambuzane zivame ukubonwa khona zizokwazi ukugcina izinombolo ezinkulu zemikhaza yezinyamazane.
Uma ufaka izindawo zokuphazamisa, hamba phakathi emigwaqweni ukuze ugweme ukuxhumana nohlaza obuningi, izihlahla, kanye nezimbiza zeqabunga. Insizakalo yepaki yendawo noma umnyango wezezempilo ungakutshela ukuthi yiziphi izindawo ezithintekayo.
Gqoka ngokufanele
Ukugqoka izingubo ezithile kungakusiza futhi ugweme imikhaza. Cabanga ngalawa macebiso:
- Gqoka amabhulukwe amade, ama-sleeve shirts, namasokisi amade ukugcina imikhaza yakho isikhumba.
- Gqoka izingubo ezimhlophe noma ezikhanyayo ukwenza kube lula ukubona amathikithi.
- Gqoka isigqoko.
- Bopha izinwele ezinde.
- Gqoka izicathulo (akukho izinyawo ezingenalutho noma izicathulo).
- Gcina imilenze emasakeni noma amabhuzu kanye namahhashi ama-shirts abe ngamabhuluki ukuze usize ukugcina imikhakha.
- Tape indawo lapho amabhulukwe akho kanye namasokisi ahlangana khona ukuvimbela imikhaza ekukhaleni ngaphansi kwezingubo.
- Ungahlali ngqo emhlabathini noma eduze kwezindonga zamatshe.
Sebenzisa ama-Tick Repellents
Phonsa umkhiqizo wezakhi ezembathweni nasezicathulweni ngaphambi kokungena ezindaweni ezithintekile. Sebenzisa i-repellente ngamaphesenti angama-20 kuya kuma-50 amaphesenti DEET (N , N-diethyl-meta-toluamide ) esikhumbeni somuntu omdala kanye nezingubo zokusiza ukuvimbela ukukhawula komkhaza. Nakuba usebenza kahle kakhulu, izimpendulo zingabangela imiphumela eminye emibi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa ukugxila okuphezulu kakhudlwana esikhumbeni sakho. Izinsana nezingane ikakhulukazi zingabhekana nokuphendula okubi ku-DEET. Uma usebenzisa iziphuzo ezinambuzane ngokuphindaphindiwe kwe-DEET ngaphezulu kwamaphesenti angu-15, kufanele ugeze isikhumba sakho nge-sese namanzi, futhi ugeze noma yikuphi ukugqoka okugqamile.
I-Permethrin ingenye uhlobo lokuphulukisa olubulala amathikithi kokuxhumana. Itholakala ezitolo ezithwala ama-gear kanye nemikhiqizo yangaphandle.
Isicelo esisodwa ekugqoke izingubo kanye nezicathulo zivame ukuphumelela ngokusebenzisa amafutha amaningi. Izimvume akufanele zisetshenziswe ngqo esikhumbeni.
Faka isicelo se-Pesticides (Acaricides)
I-pesticide eyenzelwe ukubulala imikhaza ebizwa ngokuthi i-acaricide ingasebenza ngempumelelo ekunciphiseni abantu abathintekayo emkhakheni wakho. Uma kuphelelwe yisikhathi, isicelo esisodwa ekupheleni kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni (futhi ngokuzikhethela ngoSeptemba ukulawula imikhaza emdala) singanciphisa kakhulu abantu abathintekayo. Ukuphalaza ngesilinganiso esikhulu, noma kunjalo, kungase kungabi nakwezomnotho futhi kungabangela ukukhathazeka kwemvelo noma impilo.
Ungase futhi uthathe ukucabangela ukulondoloza ikhaya lakho ngamabhokisi okugaya aphatha amagundane asendle nge-acaricide.
Isetshenziswe kahle, la madivayisi aboniswe ukunciphisa imikhaza emakhaya ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-50. Iyunithi ayilimazi izinduku. Ukwelashwa kufana nemikhiqizo esetshenziselwa ukulawula i-fleas nemikhaza emfuyweni. Amabhokisi e-bait manje atholakala ezinkampanini zokulawula izinambuzane ezilayisensi ezizweni eziningi.
Ucwaningo luyenziwa nangokusebenza kwe- acaricides esetshenziswa ngekhanda ngezidakamizwa eziteshini zokudla. Njengoba izinyamazane zidla, zixubana ngokumelene nama rollers abambe i-acaricide. Kuze kube manje, imiphumela ikhuthaze.
Hlola Nezikhulu Zempilo Zendawo
I-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) kanye nombuso wakho ulawula izibulala-zinambuzane. Hlola nezikhulu zezempilo zendawo mayelana nesikhathi esingcono sokufaka isicelo se-acaricide endaweni yakho, kanye nanoma yimiphi imithetho nemigomo ehlobene nesicelo se-pesticide ezindaweni zokuhlala. Ungaphinde uxhumane nenkampani enophethiloli yokufaka izibulala-zinambuzane ukusebenzisa i-pesticides ekhaya lakho.
Dala i-Tick-Safe Zone
Amathikithi adlulisa isifo seLyme asebenza ezindaweni ezinokhuni. Bafa masinyane ezindaweni ezomileyo nezomile. Ngokusho kwe-American Lyme Disease Foundation (ALDF), amathikithi enyamazane akakwazi ukugxuma noma ukuwa, futhi angabeki phansi ngenhla kwisilwane esidlulayo. Abanamandla (okuhlanganisa zonke izinyoni zasendle nezilwane ezincelisayo, izilwane ezifuywayo kanye nabantu) bathola imikhaza kuphela ngokuxhumana ngqo nabo.
Ukulandela la macebo wokuthungatha umhlaba kungasiza ukunciphisa abantu abathintekayo emkhakheni wakho, engadini noma egcekeni lakho:
- Susa umshini weqabunga bese usula ibhulashi noshukela emakhaya nasemiphakathini yemifino.
- Faka izinkuni zokhuni phakathi kwetshani kanye nezindawo ezikhuni ukuvimbela ukufuduka komkhakheni ezindaweni zokuzijabulisa.
- Vula utshani ne-brush ecacile kanye ne-litter.
- Gcina umhlabathi ngaphansi kwezinyoni zezinyoni ezihlanzekile.
- Hlanganisa izinkuni kahle futhi ezindaweni ezomile.
- Gcina imishini yokudlala, izikhonkwane, nama-patio kude emaphethelweni egceke kanye nezihlahla.
Nciphisa i-Deer
Kunezinyathelo eziningana ongayithatha ezingasiza ekunciphiseni abantu abadla izinyamazane ezungeze ikhaya lakho ngomzamo wokusiza ukuvimbela isifo se-Lyme, kufaka phakathi:
- Ungondli inyamazane endaweni yakho. Kungadingeka ukuthi ususe ama-bird feeders bese uhlanza i-birdseed echithekile.
- Yakha izithiyo ezingokwenyama (ukucelwa kwezinselo) ukudikibala izinyamazane ukungena egcekeni lakho.
- Siza ukulawula inyamazane ngezitshalo ezingamelana namademane noma izimbongolo.
Hlola amakikithi
I-ALDF ithi indlela yakho yokuzivikela ekunqumeni isifo se-Lyme ukuzihlolisisa okungenani kanye nsuku zonke futhi ususe noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka ngaphambi kokufakwa (ukuvuvukala) ngegazi. Yenza amasheke amathikithi nsuku zonke ngemuva kokuba ngaphandle, ngisho nasendlini yakho. Hlola zonke izingxenye zokugqoka, isikhumba, nomzimba wakho ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomanzi, kufaka phakathi:
- I-Armpits
- Emuva kwamadolo
- Nape entanyeni
- Indawo yendiza
- Scalp
- Indawo ye-Groin
- Izintambo
- Isikhumba
Susa amathikithi ngokushesha
Uma uthola uphawu olufakwe esikhumbeni sakho, ungesabi. Akuwona wonke amathikithi anesifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kwe-ALDF, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi imikhaza enesifo evamile ayikwazi ukuqala ukudlulisa i-spirochete (ibhethri edala ukutheleleka kwesifo seLyme) kuze kube yilapho ihlanganiswe amahora angama-36 kuya kwangu-48.
Gcina engqondweni yakho, uma uthola isitifiketi sezinambuzane esihlanganiswe nesikhumba sakho esingakaze sakhiwe, kungenzeka ukuthi asikho isikhathi eside ngokwanele sokudlulisela ukutheleleka kwesifo se-Lyme.
Susa uphawu ngokushesha usebenzisa la mathuluzi:
- Izinhlanzi ezincane ezinamathebhu
- Amalazi noma iglasi lokukhulisa (uma liwusizo / lidingeka)
- Amagundane noma izicubu
Qaphela ukulandela ngayinye yalezi zinyathelo ezibalulekile:
- Ukuphepha kokuqala: Landela izinyathelo zokuphepha zomhlaba wonke futhi ugqoke imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu , uma unayo.
- Gweba umklomelo ngezingubo eziseduze kakhulu esikhumbeni.
- Bamba ngomnene, ukucindezela njalo. Ukudonsa kanzima kuzokhipha umklomelo bese ushiya ngemuva. Thatha isikhathi sakho. Umkhaza uzama ukubambelela, kodwa uzowina.
- Hlola uphawu ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi konke kususiwe. Qinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye zomlomo zengxube zihambile; i-angled jaws kanye nenhloko ehlotshisiwe emcibisholo.
- Uma kukhona umkhaza olahlekile (uma kukhona, ngokuvamile uyinhloko), funa ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuze unciphise ingozi yokutheleleka okungenzeka. Ungabizi 911, kodwa uya emtholampilo wokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ukuze uqashwe ngosuku olufanayo.
- Londoloza uphawu emgqonyeni ongenamanzi (ungathinti ngezandla ezingenalutho). Iphethe amabhaktheriya angakwenza ugule, ngisho noma ingakulumi futhi.
- Buka isiguli (noma wena ngokwakho) izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma kubonakala izibonakaliso zesifo seLyme, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Isibonakaliso sokuqala nesibonakaliso sesifo se-Lyme yi-bullseye rash, eyaziwa njenge-erythema migrans.
Okungafanele Ukwenze Uma ususa i-Tick
Ukukhishwa kwamakhansela okungalungile kwandisa ithuba lokudlulisela ukutheleleka komuthi. Gcina la macebiso engqondweni:
- Ungaphambuki, ukuchoboza, ukukhipha noma ukudonsa uphawu. Ubeka ingozi yokuvimbela ikhanda layo.
- Ungazami ukushisa umkhaza. Uma ushisa umklomelo ngomdlalo, cishe uzobuyisela igazi lakho lonke (futhi amanye amabhaktheriya) emzimbeni wakho ngomzamo wokwenza ube mncane ukuze ukwazi ukuphuma. Yize ungase ulahlekelwe kalula kalula le nkathazo, cishe uzothola isifo se-Lyme.
- Ungazami ukushaya uphawu nge-petroleum jelly, amafutha omsoco, i-nail polish, noma eminye imikhiqizo.
- Ungathinti isikhaza ngesikhumba esingenalutho. Kungenza ugula.
Ukubhekana Nezikhumba, Izinwele Nezingubo Ezikhenkethi
Ngokwezinwele nezikhumba ezinamakhanda, ukuvuthwa kanye ne-shampoo enamandla kungasiza ukulahla noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwemikhaza, nakuba i-ALDF ithi lokhu kuphumelela kuphela. Ngokuqondene nezembatho, ngeshwa, ukugeza nje izingubo zakho ngeke kubulawe imikhaza. Izambatho ezithintekayo kufanele zigijime ngokusebenzisa umshini wokumisa izingubo ekushiseni okuphakeme ngamaminithi angu-30 noma ngaphezulu. Ukumisa izingubo zakho kungase kubulale nanoma yimaphi imikhaza engabonakali eshiyiwe ezembatho zakho.
Hlola izilwane ezifuywayo zakho
Hlola izimfuyo zamakhansela ngaphambi kokuba uzivumele endlini, ngoba izilwane ezifuywayo zingazifaka. Lezi zikhawu zingawela ngaphandle kokushaya isilwane sakho bese unamathisela abantu bese uluma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane ezifuywayo zingathuthukisa izimpawu zesifo seLyme.
Hlola ama-Tick Tick
Uma umkhaza unamathele esikhumbeni sakho amahora angaba ngu-24, ithuba lakho lokuthola isifo se-Lyme lincane kakhulu. Kodwa ukuze nje uphephe, qapha impilo yakho eduze emva kokulunywa komklomelo futhi uqaphele noma yiziphi izimpawu nezimpawu zokugula okwenziwa yi-tick . U-ALDF weluleka ukuthi uqaphele indawo yokuluma ukubonakala kwe-rash ebukeka njenge-bullseye kwezinsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezingu-30 ngemuva kokulunywa. Uma ukuqhuma noma ezinye izimpawu zakuqala zikhula, bheka udokotela ngokushesha. Nakuba ngabe usuvele ungaphuthelwa iwindi ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka kwesifo se-Lyme, ukuxilongwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungakusiza uthole ukwelashwa okusheshayo.
Khuluma nodokotela wakho
Uma uphendula "yebo" kule mibuzo elandelayo, xoxani ngamathuba okuthatha ama-antibiotics nodokotela noma umhlinzeki wezempilo:
- Ngabe usendaweni lapho isifo seLyme sivame khona uma uthola umklomelo?
- Ingabe umkhawulo unamathiselwe okungenani usuku olulodwa olugcwele?
- Ingabe ingaphansi kwezinsuku ezintathu kusukela ususile uphawu noma kusukela kuwe?
Nakuba ukuthatha ama-antibiotics emva kokulunywa umuthi kungakusizwa njalo, kungase kuzuze abanye abantu ezindaweni lapho isifo seLyme esivamile. Umhlinzeki wakho wezezempilo kufanele anqume ukuthi izinzuzo zokumisa ama-antibiotics emva komkhakhamela uzile ngaphezu kokungalungi. Ingozi yokuthuthukisa isifo seLyme kusukela ekulumeni kwekhaksi incane, ngisho nasezindaweni ezikhungethwe kakhulu, ngakho-ke abahlinzeki abaningi bezempilo bayakhetha ukungasebenzisi amagciwane ukuze baphathe abantu abanjwe amakhiza ngaphandle uma bekhula izimpawu zesifo seLyme.
Amacebo oku-on-the-Horizon
Ngokusho kwe-CDC, ezinye izindlela zokulawula amathrekhi okwamanje ngaphansi kokuhlolwa zihlanganisa:
- Imifino nokuguqulwa kwemvelo
- Ama-fungal agents for control biological
- Ukukhipha okwemvelo okuphinda ukhiphe imikhakha ngokuphepha
- Umgomo wokuvikela isifo seLyme
I-Lyme Disease Vaccine
NgoDisemba 1998, i-FDA ivume umuthi wokulwa nesifo se-Lyme, i-LYMErix, eyakhishwa ngu-SmithKline Beecham. Ngo-February 2002, umenzi we-LYMErix umemezele ukuthi ukukhishwa komgogodla ophikisanayo kwavalwa, okusho ukuthi akudingi ukuthenga umthengi. I-CDC ibika ukuthi ukuvikelwa okuhlinzekwe yile mgomo kuyaphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, uma uthola lo mgomo we-Lyme ngaphambi kuka-2002, kungenzeka ukuthi awusavunyelwe ukulwa nesifo se-Lyme.
Kodwa-ke, ngoJulayi 2017, i-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yanikezela ukubizwa ngokusheshisa kwesiguli esisha se-Lyme esibizwa ngokuthi i-VLA15. Ukumiswa okusheshayo kusho ukuthi ukubuyekezwa komgogodla kuzokwenziwa isikhathi eside, ngeso iso lokutholakala kwangaphambili emphakathini jikelele. Lo mgomo wawusheshe ukulandelwa ukulwa nenkinga ekhula ngokushesha yesifo seLyme, okungabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu nokuhlupheka kwesikhathi eside kwabanye.
I-VLA15 iyi-vaccine eminingi, okusho ukuthi iqinisekisa ukuvikeleka emithonjeni engaphezu kweyodwa ye- Borrelia , amabhaktheriya abangela isifo seLyme. Ngokuqondile, i-VLA15 ihlose amaprotheni angaphandle angaphandle (i-OspA), okuyinto iphrotheni ephezulu kunazo zonke eBrrelia idluliselwa ngamakhiza. Ngenxa yokuthi ihlose izinhlobo eziyisithupha ezihlukene ze-OspA-ezimele izinhlobo eziyisithupha ezihlukene ze- Borrelia- lokhu kugonywa kunamandla okuvikela ukulwa nesifo seLyme e-United States, eYurophu nasezweni lonke.
Ngenxa yokuqokwa komzila wokugada, uValneva, inkampani eyenza i-VLA15, uye wazama ukuhlolwa kwesigaba II. Ngokusho kokushicilelwa kuka-July 2017, izivivinyo zesigaba sesi-I zihlanganisa abahlanganyeli abangu-180 abavela ezindaweni ezintathu, ezimbili e-United States kanye eyodwa eBelgium.
Kulolu cwaningo olwenziwe ngokungahleliwe, abacwaningi bahlola ukuphepha nokubekezelelana kwezilinganiso ezihlukahlukene kanye nokufometha komuthi wokugoma we-VLA15. Abacwaningi bayonquma ukungafihleki, noma ikhono lomuthi wokugoma lokuvusa ukuphendula kwamagciwane, ngokulinganisa ama-antibody amazinga e-immunoglobulin G (IgG) ngokumelene nezinsizwa eziyisithupha ezivamile kakhulu ze-Lyme borreliosis e-United States naseYurophu.
Amagciwane e-IgG amele amaphesenti angaba ngu-80 omzimba emzimbeni. Lezi antibodies zidinga ukuzivikela ukutheleleka kwama-bacterial and viral.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Lyme Disease Foundation.
> Isikhungo Sokuhlola Isilimo se-Connecticut. Ukuphathwa kweThikithi okuhlanganisiwe .
> Hinckley AF, Meek JI, Ray JAE, et al. Ukusebenza kwe-Acidicides Yokuhlala Ukuvimbela Izidakamizwa Nezinye Izifo Ezithintekayo Kubantu. I-Journal of Infectious Diseases . Julayi 15, 2016; 214 (2): 182-188. i-doi: 10.1093 / infdis / jiv775.
> MPR. I-Lyme Izifo Zokugoma Zithola Ngokushesha Isimo Sokulandelela. Ishicilelwe ngo-Julayi 24, 2017.