Study Links Myopia eMfundweni Ephakeme
Uma ufunde kakhulu, ingabe uhlakaniphile? Akunjalo ngempela, kodwa ungase ube ngaphezulu. Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2012 ngabacwaningi baseJalimane bathole ukuthi eminyakeni engaphezulu oyichitha ekolishi, ingozi enkulu yokusondela.
Kuyini Ukubona Okubhekayo?
Ukuzibona ngeso lengqondo, noma i- myopia , kuyinkinga yamehlo ebangela izinto kude ukuba zifiphale. Umuntu osondelene naye angabona ngokucacile izinto eziseduze nabo, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukugxila ezintweni ezikude kakhulu.
Umuntu onokubona okungaqondakali angase avele ngokuphawulekayo lapho ezama ukubuka izinto ezikude. Bangase bahlale eduze kakhulu nethelevishini noma balethe izincwadi eduze kakhulu emehlweni abo lapho befunda. Ngezinye izikhathi ukubhekwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kubangela abantu ukuba bangazi lutho ngezinto ezide kakhulu.
Ukubhekwa kwezinto eziseduze kwenzeka uma i-eyeball isinda isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile, noma uma i-cornea ingaphezu kwesilinganiso. Lezi zimo zenza ukukhanya kugxilwe phambi kwe-retina kunokuqondile ngqo. Ezimweni eziningi, ukubhekwa kwezinto eziseduze kuzuzwe njengefa. Kodwa-ke, kunobunye ubufakazi obonisa ukuthi imisebenzi evelele kakhulu, njengokufunda isikhathi eside isikhathi esiseduzane noma ukudlala imidlalo yamavidiyo ngamahora amaningi, lapho umuntu esekhulile angabangela ukusondela. Ukubhekwa kwezinto eziseduzane nakho kuhlotshaniswa ne- cataracts , i- glaucoma , i-myopic disable degeneration, ne- retinal detachment .
Ukuzibonela phambili kanye nemfundo ephakeme
E-United States, iphesenti yokubona okuncane kungabantu abangamaphesenti angama-42%, okuzwakala phezulu ngokwanele.
Kodwa-ke, emazweni ase-Asia, ukusondela kwezwe kuye kwafika kwabangu-80% wabantu futhi ubukhulu bokubheka okungcono kakhulu.
Imiphumela yeSifundo seMpilo yeGuenenberg ibonisa ukuthi izinga eliphakeme lemfundo, ukubhekwa kwezemvelo okuvame kakhulu. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amazinga okubheka izinto eziseduze ahlehliselwe izinga lemfundo:
- Ayikho imfundo ephezulu - 24% eseduze
- Iziqu zasezikoleni eziphakeme kanye neziqu zezikole zokufundela umsebenzi - 35% ezingaboni kahle
- Abaphothulile beYunivesithi - abangu-53% abaseduze
Abacwaningi bathola nokuthi eminyakeni engaphezulu abantu besesikoleni, iphakamisa izinga labo le-myopia. Eqinisweni, lolu cwaningo lwalukhombisa iminyaka engaphezulu esichitha esikoleni, lapho umuntu eqala ukubona khona, kanti ukubonakala okubi kakhulu kunonyaka ngamunye wesikole.
Ingabe Ukubona Ngokweqile Kufinyelele Ngempela?
Ngenkathi lesi sifundo singenye yezinto zokuqala ukukhomba isikhathi esiningi esichithwa ezincwadini njengesizathu sokwanda kwezinto eziseduze, abanye baye basikisela ukuthi i-myopia ivame ukutholakala kaningi kunefa. Ukuthuthukiswa kokubheka eduze kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kuyingxenye ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, lolu cwaningo lubonise ukuthi nakuba kunomthelela wezakhi zofuzo kumuntu osakhulayo, kubonakala sengathi ifa laliyisici esibuthakathaka kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga lemfundo.
Ukuba Ngaphandle Kungasiza
Abantu abaningi abaqapheli ukubaluleka kokungaphandle. Olunye ucwaningo oluqhutshwa eDenmark nase-Asia lubonisa ukuthi isikhathi esiningi izingane zichitha ngaphandle futhi zivelela emini, ukungaboni kahle kwazo. Esinye isiphetho esingayenza izingane zethu ukuthi abafundi abahle kudingeka balinganise ukuphila kwabo ngekhwalithi yesikhathi esichitha ngaphandle emini.
Yini Engayenza?
Ngalesi sikhathi, ukusondela eduze kungaphathwa kuphela. Ayikho ikhambi le-myopia. Abantu abaningi abasondelayo bagqoka izibuko noma amalenseli. Kuqhutshwa izifundo ukuze bathole ukuthi izibuko ze-bifocal ezigqoke izingane zinganciphisa noma zinciphise ukuqhubeka kwe-myopia. Futhi, kunezindlela zokufanisa okwenziwe i-reverse geometry contact lens ukuze uhlehlise i-cornea ephakathi ukunciphisa ukubonakala okuncane. Ama-lens agqoke kuphela ngenkathi ulele futhi iziguli eziningi zifinyelela umbono wokusebenza emini. Le ukwelashwa kuthiwa yi-orthokeratology noma i-corneal therapractive therapy. Inqubo isebenza kahle ngemigomo ephansi.
Noma kunjalo, abanye bakhetha ukuphatha ukusondela kwabo ngokuqondiswa kombono we-laser ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi i- LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis.)
> Umthombo:
> Mirshahi, Alireza, MD, noKatharina A. Ponto, MD, uRené Hoehn, MD no-Isabella Zweiner, i-PhD. "Myopia ne Level of Education." Imiphumela evela eSifundweni Sezempilo seGuenenberg. I-Journal of Ophthalmology, ngo-Ephreli 2014, Umhlangano Waminyaka Yonyaka we-American Academy of Ophthalmology, ngoNovemba 2012, Chicago, Illinois, kanye no-Association for Research kuMhlangano Wonyaka Nama-Ophthalmology, ngoMeyi 2012.