Ukuphazamiseka Kwezinzwa Nezimo Ezihluke kakhulu
Abantu ngezinye izikhathi badidliza ukuxoshwa kwe- multiple sclerosis (MS) ne- Alzheimer's disease (AD) , izifo ezimbili ezibhekene nokuwohloka kwemisebenzi ethile yezinzwa. Ngamunye ujwayele ukuqhubekela phambili ekuthuthukiseni izimpawu, futhi bobabili banekhono lokudala ukukhubazeka okukhulu kulabo abathintekayo.
Kodwa, ngaphesheya kwale miphumela, kokubili i-MS ne-AD inezimbangela, izici, kanye nokwelashwa okuhlukile ngokuphelele.
Ngenxa yalokho, bangase babhekwe njengabazala bomude, ngezikhathi eziphawulekayo nakwezinye izikhathi, kunokuba baxoxe ngokuqondile.
Umehluko Emibangela
Izifo eziningi ze-sclerosis zibhekwa yizifo eziningi ezithinta umuntu ngokuzimela komzimba zidala umonakalo ekugqokeni okuvikelayo okubizwa ngokuthi i- myelin sheath ). Ngakho-ke, i-MS ihlukaniswa njengesifo sokudonswa kwamanzi lapho izimpawu zihlobene nomonakalo owenziwe yizingxenye zesistimu yezinzwa eziphakathi, kuhlanganise nobuchopho, intambo yomgogodla, nezinzwa ze-optic.
Ngenkathi kusekhona impikiswano mayelana nezinqubo eziqondile ze-MS, abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sifo singase sihlotshwe negciwane le- Epstein-Barr , izifo zofuzo noma ezokungcola, noma ngisho nezinkinga ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwamagciwane e-vitamin D.
Isizathu sezinsalela ze-Alzheimer kancane kancane. Njengama-MS, izinto ezifana nezakhi zofuzo, indlela yokuphila, nemvelo zikholelwa ukuthi zidlala ingxenye, yize noma yikuphi okwenziwe yilowo nalowo okwamanje.
Ngenkathi i-AD ingabhekwa njengesifo sokudonswa kwezidakamizwa, ngezinye izikhathi ukuxoshwa komzimba kubonakala kusengaphambili ukubonakala kwezimpawu (ngokuvamile okuhlobene nokulahlekelwa kwememori encane). Kodwa ngokungafani ne-MS, ukuqhubeka kwesifo akuhlobene nokudilizwa phansi. Lokho esikubona kunalokho umonakalo oqhubekayo nokufa kumaseli wegazi ( neurons ) ebuchosheni uqobo.
Umehluko Embonisweni
Akuyona indlela kuphela lapho i-MS ibangela khona ukulimala kwesibindi kuhluke ku-AD, ngakho-ke, yenza izimpawu. Ngenkathi kunezifo eziningana phakathi kwezifo, i-MS ihlotshaniswa nobubanzi obuningi bokuqonda, izimoto, nezimpawu zomzimba, ngenkathi i-Alzheimer ibonakala ngokuwohloka kwengqondo.
Nge-MS, ubuhlungu, ukuzamazama nokuhlukumezeka kwemisipha kungabelana nezinkinga zomchamo, ezibukwayo, nezemizwelo. Ngokwe-AD, ngakwesinye isandla, lesi sifo sibonisa ukulahlekelwa okuqhubekayo kwe-cognition (imicabango, izinkumbulo, izinhlangano) ezihlangene nezinhlobo isimo sengqondo nokukhathazeka kokuziphatha.
Lezi zingxabano zihlobene nemigwaqo ngayinye yesifo ngasinye, kufaka phakathi ukuthi yiziphi amangqamuzana ezithintekayo, ukuthi zihlaselwa kanjani, futhi nini.
- Nge-MS, izimpawu zixhomeke kakhulu ekutheni ukudonsa umzimba kuvela kuphi. Le nqubo ayibangeli nje ukuthi izinzwa ziqhume, ziyakwazi ukuphazamisa kakhulu ukuxhumana phakathi kwamaseli we-nerve. Kuyinkqubo engavamile engenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kusukela eminyakeni engama-20 kuya phambili.
- Nge-AD, izimpawu zihlobene nokwakhiwa kwamaprotheni, okuthiwa i-plaque, phakathi kwamangqamuzana omzimba ebuchosheni. Nakuba lokhu kubhekwa njengenqubo evamile njengomuntu ubudala, ishesha futhi ikhuliswa kubantu abane-Alzheimer's. Ngenxa yalokho, kuvame ukuthola ukuthi abantu abaningi bangaphezu kuka-50 no-60.
Umehluko Ukwelashwa Nemiphumela
Ngokusekelwe ekuhlukeni kwezimpawu, akumele kusimangaze ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-MS ne-AD kuhluke, futhi.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-MS kuncike kakhulu ezintweni ezimbili: ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwamalungu kanye nezicubu nge-steroids kanye nezidakamizwa eziphikisayo, nokuziphendulela kwempendulo yegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngezidakamizwa zokuzivikela. Ezinye imithi kanye nokwelashwa kungasetshenziselwa ukulawula noma ukulungisa ukungahambi kahle , ukungasebenzi ngokocansi , izinkinga zombono , noma izinkinga zemizwelo .
Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa kwe-MS, ngokunakekelwa kahle nokuphathwa kahle izinga lempilo lingathuthuka kakhulu, kanti amaphesenti angu-40 ahlala kahle kuma-70s.
Ukwelashwa kwe-AD kuncane nakakhulu emiphumeleni yayo. Nakuba kunezidakamizwa ezinokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo ezitholakala namuhla, impendulo ingahluka. Ayikho yokwelashwa eyaziwa ukuphulukisa, ukuguqula noma ngisho nokuphuza kakhulu ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Ngemuva kokuxilongwa, abantu abangaphansi kwamaphesenti amathathu ababhekene ne-AD baphila iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-14.
> Imithombo:
> Burns, A. "Ukubuyekezwa Kwemitholampilo: Izifo Zama-Alzheimer." BMJ. 2009; 338: b158.
> Tsang, B. kanye noMacdonnell, R. "Multiple sclerosis - ukuxilongwa, ukuphathwa, nokubikezelwa". Aus Fam Phys . 2011: 40 (12): 948-55.