I-sperm iyisitembu sokuzala esilisa. Ikhiqizwa ochungechungeni lwezinsiza ezinamathele emasendeni okuthiwa yi-tubini seminiferous. Bafudukela ema-epididymis, okuyinto enye indlela yokubopha, lapho bathola izakhi futhi bavuthiwe. Ngokuvamile kuthatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-12 ukuhamba ubude bama-epididymis lapho bekwazi khona ukufaka amaqanda amaqanda (ovum).
Zigcinwa kwi-vas deferens ene-muscle ebushelelezi ekwazi ukuhlola isidoda ngokusebenzisa i-urethra ekucubungulweni kwe-ejaculation. I-sperm iqukethe ikhophi eyodwa ye-chromosomes ngayinye yama-23, ehlanganisa nama-chromosomes angu-23 eqanda odala iqanda eligcwele lama-chromosome angu-46 elibizwa ngokuthi i-zygote.
Ubani Osemngciphekweni Wokungafaki?
Labo abaye bathola i- chemotherapy noma imishanguzo ye-radiation banomngcipheko omkhulu wokungapheli. Uma kunomsoco omkhulu noma ukuphakama umthamo we-chemotherapy, ingozi enkulu. Ngemuva kwemisebe, amadoda angama-65% akwazi ukukhulelwa. Labo abaphathwa nge-high-dose cisplatin banamathuba angama-40% okukhulelwa. Izinqubo ezithile zokuhlinzekwa, ezizochazwa ngemininingwane engezansi ngezansi, zingabangela nokuphelelwa amandla. Ngokuvamile, cishe 50-80% yeziguli zomdlavuza we-testicular ziphinde zithole ukwelashwa ngaphakathi kweminyaka emihlanu yokuqeda ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-testicular.
Ngisho nangaphandle kokwelashwa, umdlavuza we-testicular ngokwawo uba yinto engozini yokunciphisa ukuzala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngezinye izikhathi umdlavuza we-testicular uhlotshaniswa nezinye izimo , ezikuzo zingabangela ukunciphisa ukuzala, njenge-testicle engahlosiwe (isimo esaziwa ngokuthi cryptorchidism). Ucwaningo oluthile luye lwaphakamisa nokuthi kunezibalo ezincane ezithinta izidakamizwa kanye nokunciphisa umumo wesilisa kumdlavuza we-testicular, ngisho nangaphambi kokwelashwa, uma kuqhathaniswa nomphakathi jikelele.
I-Chemotherapy ne-Treatment Radiation Kungabangela kanjani ukungabi nalutho?
Kokubili i-chemotherapy kanye nemisebe yomswakama ingabangela ukungabi nabantwana ngokuphazamiseka okuqondile nenqubo yokwakhiwa kwesilisa, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-spermatogenesis. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, isidoda sidalwa emasululini amancane asuka kumaseli aziwa ngokuthi i-spermatogonia. I-Spermatogonia iyakhathazeka kokubili ama-radiation nama-chemotherapy, ikakhulukazi emazingeni aphezulu. Lapho i-spermatogonia ishabalaliswa, noma ukuphindaphinda kwe-cell yabo kumisiwe, inqubo ye-spermatogenesis ivaliwe. Lokhu kungase kwenzeke isikhathi esifushane noma isikhathi eside ngokususelwa ekutheni ukwelashwa kanye nezinye izici ezenzeka ngaphambili zokungasebenzi.
Indlela Yokuhlinzwa Kungabangela Kanjani Ukungasebenzi?
Ukwelashwa kungabangela ukungabi nabantwana ngendlela ehlukile kune-chemotherapy kanye nemisebe. Inqubo yokuhlinzeka okungenzeka ukuthi ibangele ukungabi nabantwana kuyinkqubo lapho amantombazane e-lymph avela khona ama-testes esiswini asuswa ekuhlinzeni okubizwa ngokuthi i-retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Ukungabi nalutho kwenzeka lapho isisindo esilawula umsizi we-sphincter, okuvimbela isisu ukubuyela emuva ku-urethra kwesinye isisu ngesikhathi sokujula, kulimazekile futhi kuhlinzekwe okungenasisekelo.
Ngenxa yalokho, i-sperm ihamba ngendlela engafanele ku-urethra bese iphela ngesinye isisu kunokuba ixoshwe ngaphandle peni. Lesi simo siyaziwa ngokuthi i-retrograde ejaculation futhi ibangela ukungabi nalutho ngisho noma insimu isanele kakhulu futhi isebenzayo.
Iyini Isibambiso Sezinambuzane Futhi Sifezwa Kanjani?
I-sperm banking iyinkqubo yokuqoqa nokulondoloza isibindi esingasetshenziswa ngosuku oluthile lokuqothulwa nokukhulelwa. I-sperm ivame ukuqoqwa ngokushaya indlwabu, nakuba izinketho zokuhlinzwa zikhona. Ukujula kufanele kugwenywe cishe emahoreni angu-48 ngaphambi kokuqoqwa kwesampula ukuze ukwandise isibalo sangempela sododa.
I-sperm isjwayele iqhwa isebenzisa i-nitrogen enomsoco futhi ingahle ikwazi ukusebenza iminyaka emgwaqeni. Amasampuli esipelingi asetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekukhulelwe ngisho neminyaka engama-20 ngemuva kokuqeda umcibisholo. Ngesinye isikhathi isampula sizofakwa ngokushesha ukuze kunqume ukuthi kunesampula esebenzayo emva kokuqandisa. Ukuze uthole imininingwane ethile, imiyalelo nezindleko, sicela uhlole isikhungo sebhange ngokwaso.
Zikhona yini izindlela ezihlukile zokwelashwa kwesibhamu?
Kuye kwaba khona ukuzama ukumisa isikhuhlane semithi ngaphambi kwekhemotherapy kanye nokwelashwa kweminye imithi ngemithi yokwehlisa i-spermatogonia nokulondoloza i-spermatogenesis. Le mizamo ayizange ihlangane ngempumelelo enkulu futhi ayitholakali okwamanje.
Ingabe Kukhona Ukuhlaselwa Kwezinambuzane Zokubambisana Kwezinambuzane?
Kukhona izindleko kanye nemali yokuqoqwa kwesilisa nesitoreji. I-sperm banking ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa nokukhulelwa esikhathini esizayo. Kumele futhi kwaziwe ukuthi amadoda angama-10% kuphela abanjwe umlingo wesilisa aqhubeke nokuwasebenzisa esikhathini esizayo ukuba ubaba ingane.