Funda lokho okudingeka ukwazi futhi ukwenze mayelana nobunzima bakho obuphefumulayo
Uma ubhekene nokuphefumula kanzima, kungaba yisifo se-asthma. Zonke izimpawu ezilandelayo ze-asthma zingase zihlotshaniswe nokuphefumula kanzima:
Noma kunjalo, izimo eziningana ezahlukene zingaholela ekuphefumuleni kanzima. Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi mayelana nobunzima bakho bokuphefumula, lesi sihloko sizokusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi kungani imbangela.
Qiniseka ukuthi ungasho nje ukuthi "akulutho futhi ngizokukhathazeka kamuva." Ngenkathi ukuphefumula kanzima kungaba yisifo se-asthma, kungase kube into engathà sina.
Indlela kuphela ozokwazi ngayo nokukwazi ukubhekana nokuphefumula kanzima ukubona udokotela wakho bese uyifinyelela. Uma ucabanga ukuthi yi-asthma futhi nje uthatha umkhiqizo we-counter asthma noma i-inhaler yomngane wakho, ungase uhlukumeze futhi uzibeke engozini.
Yini Okungeke Yenzeke?
Ukuphefumula kwakho kunzima kungaba yisifo se-asthma, kodwa kungase kube esinye sezimo ezibucayi. Ngenkathi i-asthma ifana nokwelapha inganikeza ukukhululeka, ngeke ifinyelele enhliziyweni yenkinga uma lezi zimo ziholela ekuphefumuleni kwakho okubunzima:
- Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ukukhumula: Kulesi simo inhliziyo yakho ayifuni kahle futhi ayikwazi ukuhlinzeka umzimba wonke ngegazi kanye ne-oxygen edingekayo ukuze isebenze ngokujwayelekile. Ngenxa yalokho ungase uzwe ukuvuvukala emaphethelweni aphansi kanye nokuphefumula uma ubeka isisindo, ngaphezu kwe-asthma njengezimpawu zokugaya (ngenxa yoketshezi emaphashini esikhundleni sokuvuvukala) nokuphefumula.
- I-Embolism Embolism noma i-PE: Lesi simo sivela egazini legazi emaphashini. Iziguli zinezici ezinobungozi ezifana nokungahambi kahle kwamuva ngenxa yokuhamba ngemoto / indiza noma ngenxa yokugula kwezokwelapha. Imithi ethile ikhulisa ingozi njengamaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa. Ukuvuthwa yisimpawu esivamile futhi esicacile ku-PE. Iziguli zivame ukuzwa ngokungazelelwe kokuphefumula kokuphefumula kanye nobuhlungu besifuba.
- Izifo ze-Reflux ze-Gastroesophageal noma i-GERD : I- GERD ngezinye izikhathi ingaba yisifo se-asthma, kodwa futhi sinesibopho se-pneumonitis nokuqeda amaphaphu angabangela izimpawu.
- I-hypperensitivity pneumonitis: Ukutholakala okungapheli kwezinye izinto ezifana ne-moldy hay kanye ne-droppings yezinyoni kungaholela ezinkingeni zokuphefumula. Ngenkathi lesi simo singase siholele ekuqhumeni, i-pattern ebonwe ekuhlolweni komsebenzi wamaphaphu ayifani neze-asthma.
Izivivinyo zokuxilonga Ngokwebunzima Ukuphuza
Uma uthola ubunzima bokuphefumula, udokotela wakho angalawula izibalo ezahlukene zokuhlola. Yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwama-oda akho odokotela azoxhomeka emlandweni wakho, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nezici zobungozi. Uvivinyo lungabandakanya:
- I-Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) - uhlolo olulinganisa ukuthi ungakanani umoya okwazi ukuphuma ngokushesha emaphashini.
- I-Spirometry- ukuhlolwa okungaphelele kune-PEFR futhi kufaka inani lamaphaphu amaningi ehlukene.
- Ukuvivinywa kwe- Bronchoprovocation Testing- ukuhlolwa okuvusa amadlingozi okuzama ukubangela isondo.
- I-x-ray yekhanda- isithombe samapayipi angakwazi ukubona izinkinga ezihlukahlukene.
- Izikrini ze-CT zivame ukwenziwa uma udokotela wakho esolwa nge-PE.
Ukwelapha Ukuhlupheka Kwakho Okulukhuni
Uma ubhekene nobunzima bokuphefumula, udokotela wakho angasebenzisa izinqubo eziningi zokwelapha ezisetshenziselwa i-asthma.
Lokhu kufaka:
1. Ama-Agonist Aceta (SABA) abambalwa abanjelwe njenge-Albuterol
Ama-SABA angasetshenziselwa ukuphumula okusheshayo lapho ubhekene nobunzima bokuphefumula. Ama-SABA asetshenziselwa ukukhululeka okukhulu kwezibonakaliso ze-asthma futhi asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuhlolwa kwesifuba esiswini.
Amanye ama-SABA ahlanganisa:
- I-Albuterol
- Proventil
- Ventolin
- I-Xopenex
- Maxair
2. Abadala be-Beta Agonists (LABA)
Uma ukuphefumula kwakho kunzima kungenxa ye-asthma, le mithi ingasetshenziswa uma i-steroids e-inhaled ingakwazi ukulawula ngokwanele izimpawu zakho, okunye okubizwa ngokuthi i- adjonctive therapy . I-LABA ayisetshenziselwa imithi eyodwa ye-asthma yokwelapha nokuvimbela izimpawu zesifo sofuba.
Ama-LABA asasetshenziselwa ukuphatha izimpawu eziphuthumayo ze- asthma noma ukucindezeleka kwe-asthma. Uma ubhekene nobunzima bokuphefumula ebusuku, i-LABA ingakusiza ukuthi uthole ukuphumula okwengeziwe.
Ama-LABA afaka:
- Brovana
- Foradil
- I-Perforomist
- USerevent
3. I-Steroids engenayo
I-steroids engenayo imithi ebaluleke kunazo zonke uma ukuphefumula kwakho kunzima kungenxa ye-asthma. I-steroids engenayo ingumuthi osebenza kahle kakhulu we-asthma otholakala ekulawuleni isikhathi eside se-asthma. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho uzokubeka kule mithi kuze kube yilapho imbangela yokuphefumula kwakho kunzima.
I-steroid engabhalisiwe ibeka kuwe ingafaka:
4. Leukotriene Modifiers
Lolu hlobo lwemithi lungacatshangwa uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi ukuphefumula kwakho kunzima kubangelwa ukuphefumula okubangelwa ukuzivocavoca noma uma ukuphefumula kwakho kunzima kuhlobene nemithi.
Okwamanje i-modifiers emithathu ye-leukotriene iyatholakala:
- I-Accolate
- Singulair
- Zyflo
5. Anticholinergics
I-Anticholinergics ingaphatha ukuphefumula kanzima ngokusebenza njenge- bronchodilator futhi ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa ne-SABAs ekwelapheni okunzima kokuphefumula emnyangweni ophuthumayo noma esibhedlela. Isibonelo se-anticholinergic i-Atrovent.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nobunzima bokuphefumula
- Izimo Ezinhlanu Okucatshangelwa Ngenkinga Yokuphefumula
- Yini Engangenza Ukuhlupheka Kwami Kube Khona?
- Ingabe Ngidinga Ukubona I-Specialist Mayelana Nokuncipha Kwami Okumnyama?
Imithombo:
I-National Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute. Kufinyelelwe: November 1, 2010. Umbiko wePhaneli Wabahloli 3 (EPR3): Izinkombandlela Zokuthola Ukuhlolwa Nokuphathwa Kwe-Asthma?