Uma unomdlavuza womdlavuza we- thyroid uhlangabezana nobungozi bokukhula kwezifo ezihlotshaniswa neminyaka, uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abangakaze babe nomdlavuza wegciwane. Ucwaningo lokucwaninga olwenza lokhu kutholakala lushicilelwe encwadini ethi Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
Ingozi yezifo ezihlotshaniswa nezikhathi zaze zaba ngaphezulu nakakhulu uma usencane kunama-40 uma utholakala unomdlavuza we -roid.
Nakuba izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza we-thyroid zibhekwa njengokusinda futhi zinezifo ezinhle, abantu abasha bayatholakala ukuthi banomdlavuza wegciwane. Kubalulekile ukuqonda izingozi zesikhathi esizayo, ukuze abasindile bomdlavuza wegciwane bangabhekana nezinkinga zempilo kamuva.
Mayelana neSifundo
Esicwaningweni, abahlengikazi abangaphezu kuka-3700 abasindiswa umdlavuza we-thyroid bahlolwe. Zonke zaxilongwa ngesikhathi sokuqala phakathi kuka-1997 no-2012. Iqembu lokulawula lalifaniswe neqembu elingenalo umdlavuza elineminyaka efanayo, ubulili, nezindawo zokuzalwa. Phakathi kwalabo abangu-3700 ababelethwe umdlavuza we-thyroid bafundela, cishe amaphesenti angu-37 atholakale ngaphambi kokuba beneminyaka engu-40 ubudala.
Ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi iqembu labasindile abancane labhekana nezingozi eziphakeme zokuthuthukisa izimo ezihlukahlukene zokujikeleza ezihlobene nokuguga. Lokhu kufaka:
- Ingozi yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, owaziwa nangokuthi ingcindezi ephakeme yegazi, yayiphakeme kakhulu eqenjini elasinda.
- Ingozi yokuphelelwa yimizimba yayiphakeme kakhulu eqenjini lomdlavuza we-thyroid. I-cardiomyopathy yisimo lapho imisipha yenhliziyo engavamile. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngenhliziyo yakho ukuphampa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba, futhi kwandisa ingozi yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.
Abalobi baphetha ngokuthi, "Kudingeka izifundo ezizayo ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi yini engenziwa ukuze kunciphise izingozi zalezi zingozi zempilo yesikhathi eside."
Mayelana Nokucindezelwa Kwegazi Eliphezulu
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ukwandisa ingozi yokugula noma ukufa ngesifo senhliziyo, ukushaya isifo, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, nesifo sezinso.
Uma ungumdlavuza womdlavuza we-thyroid, kufanele uhlolwe njalo ngegazi lakho. Nakuba i-hypertension ingenayo izimpawu nhlobo, qaphela ukuthi ezinye izibonakaliso nezimpawu ongase uzizwe zifaka:
- Inhloko noma ukuzwa kwengcindezi ekhanda
- Umbono ophundlekile
- Usizi noma u-shakiness
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ukugcinwa kwamagesi nokuvuvukala kwemilenze
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ubuhlungu emilenzeni nasezinyaweni lapho uhamba
- Izinyawo ezibandayo
Kunezinye izinguquko zokuphila ongazenza ukuze usize ukuvimbela noma ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophezulu, kufaka phakathi:
- Ukulahlekelwa isisindo: Ukulahlekelwa amapremu angu-10 kunganciphisa kakhulu izingozi zakho.
- Ukunciphisa i-sodium yokudla kanye nosawoti: Uma ukhathele ngokweqile, ngisho nokunyuka okuncane kwe-sodium kungandisa ingozi yokuguliswa kanzima nesifo senhliziyo. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi ukhawule ukudla kwe-sodium okungaphezu kuka-100 mmol ngosuku (cishe 2.4 g we-sodium)
- Ukudla okunamandla kwe-potassium yokudla okungaphezu kuka-3 500 mg ngosuku
- Ukwenyuka komzimba okwenyukayo: imizuzu engama-30 yokuzivocavoca kwama-aerobic izinsuku eziningi zesonto kunganciphisa ingozi yegazi lokucindezeleka kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene
- Ukulinganisela kokusetshenziswa kotshwala: Ukunciphisa ukuphuza udoti ku-10 oz. iwayini, noma i-2 oz. kwamanye utshwala (ngaphansi kwabesifazane kanye nabantu abancipha kakhulu) kunganciphisa ingozi yokushisa komfutho wegazi kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene
- Ukwengezwa kwe-potassium: kwehlisela ukucindezelwa kwegazi, ikakhulukazi uma ubheka amazinga aphezulu e-sodium
- Izinguquko zokudla: I-DASH Diet - Izindlela Zokudla Zokumisa I-Hypertension inciphisa kakhulu ukucindezeleka kwegazi futhi kunciphisa izingozi zezinkinga
Kukhona nemithi eminingi engasetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi eliphezulu nokuphatha ukucindezeleka komfutho wegazi, okufaka:
- Imithi yokucindezelwa kwegazi
- Abavimbela i-Beta ne-calcium channel blockers, ukunciphisa isilinganiso senhliziyo
- I-ACE inhibitors, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-angiotensin eguqulela i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
- I-Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ama-ARB)
- I-Diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi), ukunciphisa amazinga e-sodium nokugcinwa kwamanzi
Mayelana neCardiomyopathy
Uma unomdlavuza womdlavuza we-thyroid, kufanele uqaphele izibonakaliso nezibonakaliso zesifo sofuba , okungabandakanya:
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze yakho, izinyawo nezinyawo
- Ukuqhaqha ngamathumbu (ascites), ngenxa yokungena ngokweqile
- Ukushaya, ikakhulukazi uma ulele phansi
- Ukukhathala
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukuphazamiseka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngokushesha
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukuzondwa nokuphelelwa amandla
Ezinye izinto ongayenza ukuze usize ukuvimbela noma ukwelapha isifo sofuba zihlanganisa:
- Ukudla okunempilo nokulahlekelwa isisindo (noma ukuvimbela inzuzo yesisindo)
- Ukuvivinya njalo
- Ukulala ngokwanele
- Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka
- Gwema utshwala kanye / noma i-cocaine
- Ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophezulu
- Ukulawula i-cholesterol ephezulu
- Ukulawula isifo sikashukela
Kukhona nemithi engasiza nge-cardiomyopathy, kuhlanganise:
- Aldosterone blockers, ukulinganisela i-electrolyte futhi kusize inhlanzi yenhliziyo isebenze kahle
- Imithi ye-Antiarrhythmia yokugcina isigqi senhliziyo evamile
- Imithi yokwehliswa kwegazi
- Ama-anticoagulants noma igazi elincane, ukuvimbela ama-blood clots
- I-Corticosteroids nezinye izidakamizwa eziphikisayo
- I-Diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi), ukunciphisa amazinga e-sodium nokugcinwa kwamanzi
- Abavimba be-Beta, abavimbela isiteshi se-calcium, ne-digoxin, ukunciphisa izinga lenhliziyo nokucindezela kwegazi okuphansi
Kwezinye izimo, ukukhubazeka komzimba okungaphenduki ekushintsheni kwempilo kanye nemithi kungadinga izigulisi noma izidakamizwa, noma ukwelashwa nge-ablation okungezona okuhlinzwa.
Izwi elivela
Ngesikhathi ucwaningo lusadingeka ukuba luhlolwe izindlela ezibangelwa ukwanda komfutho wegazi ophezulu nomfutho wokuguliswa komzimba emdlalweni womdlavuza wegciwane, kunengqondo ukuqaphela izibonakaliso nezimpawu zale mibandela, ukuhlolwa njalo, futhi ukwenza ngokuqhubekayo izinguquko zokuphila ngendlela enempilo ukunciphisa ingozi yakho.
> Imithombo:
> Blackburn BE, Ganz PA, Roe K, et al. Izifo ezihlobene nokuguga ezikhulile phakathi kwezinsana zempilo yomdlavuza we-thyroid [eshicilelwe kuyi-Internet ngoNovemba 22, 2017]. I-Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Ngaphambi . i-doi: 10.1158 / 1055-9965.EPI-17-0623 Online: h ttp: //cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2017/11/20/1055-9965.EPI-17-0623
> Izikhungo Zikazwelonke Zempilo. "Ukuthwala I-Cardiomyopathy Kwenziwe Njani?" Ishidi langempela. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cm/kudliwa
> Izikhungo Zikazwelonke Zempilo. "Umhlahlandlela Wakho Wokunciphisa Ukucindezeleka Kwegazi Nge-DASH." Umhlahlandlela we-PDF: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/public/heart/dash_brief.pdf
> UMnyango wezeMpilo waseMelika kanye nezinsizakalo zabasebenzi. "Ukuvimbela Okuyinhloko Kokuphefumula Kwegazi." Umhlahlandlela we-PDF: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/resources/heart/pphbp.pdf