Ukuhlukaniswa Kuqondisa Ukwelashwa Kokucindezeleka Kwegazi Eliphezulu
Ukucindezelwa kwegazi yinto odokotela bethu abakhuluma ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Sivumelanisa ukuthi ukucindezelwa kwegazi okuphansi akulungile nokuthi ukucindezeleka kwegazi kuyingozi nakakhulu. Kodwa, ngaphesheya kwalokho, indlela kanye nokuthi kungani ukucindezelwa kwegazi kungadideka kubantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi ngokuqondene nalokho okushoyo ngempilo yethu yesikhathi eside.
Ukuqonda ukucindezelwa kwegazi
Umfutho wegazi umane nje ukulinganisa kwamandla egazini ephikisana nezindonga zegazi lethu.
Lapho umfutho wegazi uphakeme, sibheka ukuthi ukucindezeleka komfutho wegazi . Uma liphansi, sibheka kulokho njenge- hypotension .
Ukukhathazeka nge-hypertension yukuthi ukucindezelwa okungeziwe kudinga inhliziyo yethu ukuba isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba. Le ngcindezi ephakeme ibangela ekuthuthukisweni kwe- atherosclerosis (ukuqina kobuchopho). Izinkinga zihlanganisa izifo ze- coronary artery (CAD) , isifo sofuba nesifo sezinso.
Ukulinganisa i-Hypertension
Uma umuntu ephakamisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi, udokotela uzoziveza njengengozi yokucindezeleka ngokweqile (okubonisa ukuthi ubungozi bokushisa ngokweqile), isigaba 1 somfutho wegazi ophezulu (ukuphakama okuncane kuya kwesilinganiso), isigaba sesi-2 somfutho wegazi ophezulu (ukulinganisela ekukhuphukeni okunamandla), noma inkinga enkulu yegazi ( kuthathwa njengokuphuthumayo).
Udokotela uzokwenza nje ngokuthatha umfutho wegazi nokulinganisa ukucindezelwa kwe - systolic (ingcindezi ngesikhathi sokushaya kwenhliziyo) nokucindezela kwe- diastolic (ingcindezi phakathi kwezinhliziyo).
Umfutho wegazi ulinganiswa ngokwemithamitha ye-mercury, ehlongozwa yi-symbol mmHg. Ngokusekelwe kulezi zilinganiso, udokotela wakho uzochaza ukucindezela kwegazi lakho ngokusekelwe kumanani ahlukile we-systolic ne-diastolic.
Ukuze uthole ukucindezelwa kwegazi evamile, lokhu kuzohumusha ekucindezelweni kwe-systolic ngaphansi kwe-120 mmHg nokucindezela kwe-diastolic ngaphansi kwama-80 mmHg.
Isibonelo, inani le-systolic le-110 ne-diastolic value lika-70 lizochazwa ngokuthi "110 kunezingu-70" futhi libhaliswe ngokuthi "110/70 mmHg."
Okwenziwe isiteji kubalulekile
Isiteleka se-hypertension sisiza ukuqondisa inkambo yokwelapha nokubikezela imiphumela engenzeka (ukubikezela).
Ukuhlunga isigaba 1 isishukela segazi kubalulekile ngoba umbandela lapho uphathwa khona ngemithi. Ngokungafani ne-prehypertension lapho iziguli ziyokweluleka ukuba zilungise indlela yazo yokuphila ngokuzivocavoca, ukunciphisa umzimba, nokunciphisa amafutha okudla.
Izigaba ze-hypertension zimi kanje:
- Ukwelashwa ngokweqile: 120 kuya ku-139 ngaphezu kwama-80 kuya ku-89 mmHg
- Isinyathelo 1 somfutho wegazi ophakeme: 140 kuya ku-159 ngaphezulu kuka 90 kuya ku-99 mmHg
- Isigaba 2 somfutho wegazi: 160 mm noma ngaphezulu kuka 100 noma ngaphezulu mmHg
- Inkinga ye-hypertensive: Ephakeme kune-180 ngaphezu kwe-110 mmHg
Kubantu abangaphezu kuka-60 nangaphezulu, amanani azoshintshwa ukuze afake izinguquko zemvelo ezibonakala ngokuguga. Kulesi sibonelo, umbandela wesigaba 1 somfutho wegazi ophezulu uzobekwa njengokwedlula kuka 150/90 mmHg.
Izimpawu zesigaba 1 se-Hypertension
Ngenkathi abantu abanesifo somfutho wegazi ophezulu besigaba 1 bavame ukuveza izimpawu zangaphandle, lokhu akufanele kubonise ukuthi ayikho inkinga. Njengesifo esiqhubekayo, ukucindezeleka komzimba kungase kube nzima uma izimbangela ezingezansi zingakhulumi kahle.
Uma ukulimala kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqhubeka kwesifo, ngokuvamile kuyobe kungenakugwema.
Ngenkathi isigaba 1 somfutho wegazi ovame ukuphenduka isifo "esingabonakali", izimpawu zingase zenzeke ngezinye izikhathi, kufaka phakathi:
- Izinwele
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Isizungu
- I-Nosebleed
Azikho izimpawu okufanele zibhekwe njengokujwayelekile uma ziphikelela, ziphindaphindiwe, noma ziyanda. Ukufundwa kwengcindezi elula yegazi kuwukuthi konke okungadingeka ukuze kwenziwe ukuxilongwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Hypertension
Umgomo wokwelashwa esigabeni sesigaba 1 ukunciphisa umfutho wegazi lomuntu ongaphansi kuka 140/90 mmHg. Uma lowo muntu enesifo sikashukela noma enezinkinga zesifo esingenasifo, leli cala lizophinde lifinyelelwe ku-130/80 mmHg.
Kungenzeka ukuthi ukwelashwa kuzobandakanya imithi emibili ethathwe emakilasini amabili ahlukene kwezidakamizwa, kuhlanganise:
- I-Thiazide diuretics ("amaphilisi amanzi")
- ACE inhibitors
- Angiotensin receptor blockers
- Beta-blockers
- Abavimbela isiteshi se-Calcium
- Renin inhibitors
Ngokuphumelelayo njengoba izidakamizwa zingase zibe, ukwelashwa kuzodinga ukuba ukwazi ukubhekana nezici ezingaguquguquki ezifaka isandla emfuthweni wegazi ophezulu Lokhu kufaka hlangana phakathi kwezinye izinto ukuvinjelwa kwamafutha we-sodium nama-saturated, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukulinganisela kokudla kotshwala, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu mhlawumbe, ukuyeka ukubhema.
Ngaphandle kokwenza lezi zinguquko, ikhono lakho lokulawula umfutho wegazi lakho lingahlehliswa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukhula.
> Umthombo:
> Gulec, S. "Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwesigaba somshwalense 1: Yiziphi iziqondiso okufanele sizilandele?" J Am Soc Hyper. 2014; 8 (5): 358. I-DOI: 10.1016 / j.jash.2014.02.005.