Izicubu zesakhiwo zivame ukuthinta ngesikhathi somdlavuza wegciwane
Kwabaningi, igama elithi "isthmus" libhekisela emgodleni omncane wezwe elizungezwe ngamanzi axhuma izingcezu ezimbili zomhlaba omkhulu.
Uma lisetshenziswe emthini wezokwelapha, lisikisela okufanayo: isitho esincane, ivesi, noma ucezu lwezincubu ezixhuma izingxenye ezimbili ezinkulu. Ingasetshenziswa ezindlebeni (isthmus yamatayipi e-Eustachian), isisu (isthmus kwesibeletho), ubuchopho (isthmus ye-cingulate gyrus) kanye ne-thyroid gland (isthmus ye-thyroid).
Kulo mandla okugcina - njengengxenye ye-thyroid - ukuthi umsebenzi we-isthmus uthatha ukubaluleka okukhulu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza.
Indima Ye-Isthmus ye-Thyroid
I-isthmus yilezi zicubu ezenza ibhuloho emkhatsini we-lobes amabili we-thyroid futhi isebenza njengesibopho samasongo amabili emphepheni (trachea). I-thyroid ngokwayo iyinhlavu efana nevemvane phambi kwentamo esezansi kwe-larynx.
I-gland yegciwane ilawula umzimba wesimiso ngokufihla ama-hormone elawula ukushisa, ukukhula, amandla omzimba, isifiso sokudla, kanye nempilo yenhliziyo yakho, ubuchopho, izinso kanye nesistimu yokuzala. I-ismmus ikhona kuphela ukusekela nokuzinzisa lezi zitho.
Izinkinga ze-Glands Glands ne-Isthmus
I-thyroid enempilo cishe isayizi yekota kanti ngokuvamile ayikwazi ukuzwa noma ukubonwa esikhumbeni. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-thyroid evuvukile (ebizwa ngokuthi i-goiter) ingabuka noma izwe njengephunga phambi kwentamo.
I-thyroid ngezinye izikhathi ingaba nezinkinga zokuvimbela inani elifanele lama-hormone emzimbeni. I-hormone kakhulu (isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i- hyperthyroidism ) singabangela ukulahlekelwa isisindo, ukukhukhumeza, ubuhlungu besifuba, ama-cramps, nesifo sohudo. Okuncane kakhulu ( hypothyroidism ) futhi umuntu angakwazi ukuthola isisindo, azizwe ebandayo, futhi abe nesikhumba noma izinwele ezomile.
Izinkinga zalesi siqephu zihlanganisa i-agenesis (ukungabi khona kwesisusa ngenxa yokukhubazeka kokuzalwa) noma ukulimala okuqondile (ngokuvamile ngokuhambisana nomunye noma kokubili lobes).
Noma yikuphi okungajwayelekile emsebenzini we -roid kuyoholela udokotela wakho ukukala amazinga we-hormone ye -roid-stimulating (TSH) egazini lakho. Okunye ukuhlolwa kungabandakanya:
- ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kwentamo, i-thyroid, i-trachea, ne-lymph nodes ukuze uhlole ukukhula okungajwayelekile noma okungavamile
- i-ultrasonography, idivaysi yokucabanga esebenzisa amagagasi omsindo e-ultrasonic
- ukuskena kwe-radionuclide esebenzisa inani elilandelanayo lomsakazo we-radioactive ukugqamisa ama-nodules ngesikhathi sokucabanga
- i-biopsy yezicubu ze-thyroid
Ukususwa kwe-Thyroid ne-Isthmus
Uma i-biopsy ibonisa ukuba khona komdlavuza we-thyroid, izingxenye zegciwane le-thyroid kumele zisuswe. Le nqubo, okuthiwa i-thyroidectomy, ingabandakanya ukususwa kwe-lobes eyodwa noma kokubili. Uma umdlavuza uphahlamezeka (ukusakazwa ngaphesheya kwesayithi le-tumor original), ismmus kungenzeka futhi isuswe ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-isthmectomy.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezahlukene ze-thyroidectomy esekelwe ukuthi ingakanani igundane okufanele isuswe:
- Ingqikithi ye-thyroidectomy (ukususwa kwegciwane lonke le-thyroid)
- I-lobectomy ye-thyroid (ukususwa kwe-lobe eyodwa)
- I-lobectomy ye-thyroid ehlukile (ukususwa okuyingxenye ye-lobe)
- I-lobectomy ye-thyroid eno-isthmectomy (ukususwa kwe-lobe ne-isthmus)
- I-thyroidectomy esetshenzisiwe (ukususwa kwe-lobe yonke, i-isthmus ne-lobe eyingxenye)
Umthombo
- > Mathur, A. no Doherty, G. "Isahluko 1: I-Thyroidectomy ne-neck Dissection." Izinqubo zamanje: Ukuhlinzwa . 2010; ENew York: McGraw-Hill.