Izinhlobo ezingavamile zeKhansela Yesikhumba Musa Ukunakwa
Ochwepheshe abaningi manje bacabanga ukuthi umdlavuza wesikhumba ube yisigameko e-United States, enezigameko ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1.3 ezitholakalayo ngonyaka futhi zikhuphuka. Izinhlobo ezintathu ezivame kakhulu - i- basal cell , i- squamous cell , ne- melanoma - i-akhawunti yesifo somdlavuza wesikhumba esiningi, kodwa kunezinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza wesikhumba ongavamile ngokuvamile ongayitholi ukunakwa.
Nazi izifo eziyisihlanu ezingavamile ezivela esikhumbeni noma zithinte isikhumba ngokungaqondile:
I-T-cell Lymphoma encane
I-T-cell lymphoma (i-CTCL) encane iyisiqhema samagciwane asuka ohlobo lwegazi elimhlophe elibizwa nge-T-cell lymphocyte eliba nomdlavuza futhi lithinta isikhumba. E-United States, kunamacala amasha angu-1,500 ka-CTCL ngonyaka. Amadoda aphindwe kabili njengoba abesifazane besithintekile, futhi abaningi babhekwe ngemuva kweminyaka engu-50.
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-CTCL (ngokwesibonelo, i- mycosis fungoides , uhlobo oluvame kakhulu), izimpawu ziqala ngokubonakala kwezintambo ezibomvu, ezibomvu esikhumbeni; kubantu abanobumnyama, lokhu kungase kubonakale njengamabala okukhanya kakhulu noma amnyama kakhulu. Ama-patches ahle kakhulu, futhi angase abe omile futhi ahlasele. Ezinye izindawo zesikhumba zingase ziphakanyiswe futhi zikhuni (ezibizwa ngamacwecwe). Kamuva, izicubu zingase zikhule. Ezinye izikhumba zesikhumba ziyancipha futhi ziqhekeke, okuholela ekutheleleni.
Kunezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene ze-chemotherapy, i-immunotherapy (isibonelo, i- interferon ), kanye nezidakamizwa ezihlosiwe (isibonelo, denileukin diftitox noma i-Ontak) manje ezitholakalayo zokwelapha i-CTCL.
I-Merkel Cell Carcinoma
I-Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) iyinhlobo engavamile, enobudlova yomdlavuza wesikhumba owenza noma ngaphansi nje kwesikhumba.
Amacala amasha angu-1,500 we-MCC atholakala e-United States unyaka ngamunye. Iningi leziguli ezixilongwa nge-MCC ziyi-caucasian futhi zingaphezu kweminyaka engu-50 (isilinganiso seminyaka engu-69).
Izilonda ze-MCC zibonakala ziqinile, izimpumputhe ezingenabuhlungu ngaphakathi kwesikhumba. Zibomvu, pink, noma i-blue-violet enemibala, futhi zivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezivuliwe zelanga ezifana nekhanda (ikakhulukazi ezungeze iso nakulobujwabu bakhe), intamo, izingalo nemilenze.
Izinketho zokwelapha zihlanganisa ukuhlinzwa, ukwelapha imisebe, kanye ne-chemotherapy.
Kaposi Sarcoma
I-Kaposi sarcoma (KS) ngumdlavuza ovela emangqamuzaneni afaka i-lymph noma imithwalo yegazi. I-KS ibangelwa i-Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV). Inkinga yesistimu evamile yegciwane lesandulela ngculazi efaka isandla ku-KS isifo ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza (i-HIV), igciwane elidala i-AIDS, kodwa ukufakelwa kwabamukeli kungenye iqembu elikhungathekile.
Amaseli angavamile we-KS afaka ama-blotches anombala obomvu, obomvu, noma obomvu noma esikhumbeni. Kwesinye isikhathi, i-KS ibangela ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni, endaweni yokugaya, noma isikhumba esizungezile. I-KS ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu, noma zibe nokuphila kokusongela lapho izilonda zisemaphashini, isibindi, noma indlela yokugaya.
Ukwelapha kuye kwaphuthuka kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva futhi manje kuhlanganisa ukwelashwa kwama-antiretroviral (HAART) okusebenza kakhulu ukuphatha iziguli ze-AIDS nge-KS, kanye nama-creams, ukususwa okuhlinzekwayo, i-cryotherapy (iqhwa nge-nitrogen liquid) kanye ne-chemotherapy.
I-Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma
I-Sebaceous gland carcinoma (i-SGC) ngumdlavuza ongavamile kakhulu, onobudlova ovela emahlombe e-oyela esikhumbeni. Amacala angaba ngu-75% atholakale ezungeze iso, isayithi elivame kakhulu liyijwabu leso eliphezulu, nakuba liye lafunyanwa kwenye indawo ekhanda noma entanyeni, esihlahleni, noma endaweni yesisu. I-Sebaceous cell carcinomas ivame ukutholakala kwabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-70 ubudala. I-SGC ivame ukukhula kancane futhi isakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ku-1 kuzo zonke izimo ezingu-5.
Ukwelapha okutholakala kubandakanya ukuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa kwemisebe.
I-Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
I-Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (i-DFSP) uhlobo olungavamile lwesifo esiqalile njenge-nodule esinzima, sikhula kancane, futhi singavamile ukusabalalisa kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
Kubangelwa ukuguquguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuholela ekukhuculeni ngokweqile kwe-molecule ebizwa ngokuthi yi-platelet-derived growth factor. Lezi zicubu zivame ukutholakala emdongeni (ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko zezicubu ezakha isikhumba) zamalungu noma isidumbu somzimba.
Izinketho zokwelapha zihlanganisa ukuhlinzwa, ukwelapha imisebe , kanye nomuthi omusha okuthiwa i-imatinib (i-Gleevec). Kodwa-ke, i-DFSP ivame ukungaboni kahle noma iphathwe kabi, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthola i-dermatologist noma omunye ochwepheshe onolwazi oluphatha i-DFSP.
Ukubamba Ngokuqala
Isikhumba sokuzivivinya ngaso sonke isikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola lezi zomshukela ezingavamile zesikhumba ezinyangeni zabo zokuqala, ezengeziwe zokwelashwa. Uma ubona izilonda zesikhumba ezintsha, ezishintshayo, noma ezingavamile, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Imithombo:
I-American Cancer Society. (Meyi 2016). Iyini i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma?
"Imihlahlandlela Yokusebenza Emtholampilo E-Oncology: Ama-Protuberans e-Dermatofibrosarcoma." v.1.2009. I-National Comprehensive Cancer Network. 1 Meyi 2009.
"I-Mycosis Fungoides ne-Sezary Syndrome Treatment." I-American Cancer Society. 1 Meyi 2009.
"Kuyini i-Kaposi sarcoma?" I-American Cancer Society. 1 Meyi 2009.