Kuhle kubathengi; Okubi Okubalulekile Kwamabhizinisi
Ukuphela kwe-patent ye-blockbuster izidakamizwa okungabizwa ngokuthi "i-patent cliff" yizimboni zangaphakathi, kuqhutshelwa ngo-2016. Imithi eyake yakha imali engu-R133 billion ekuthengiseni kwe-US yedwa izobhekana nokuncintisana okujwayelekile, ngokusho kukaVevaluate Pharma. Ezinye zezidakamizwa ezithengiswa kakhulu emlandweni zalahlekelwa ukuvikelwa kwe-patent ngo-2011 no-2012. Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-Lipitor, i-Plavix ne-Viagra zithole izigidigidi zabaxhasayo ngenkathi zibeka amarekhodi okuthengisa jikelele.
Izidakamizwa ezihamba ngaphandle kwe-Patent 2013-2016
Izidakamizwa ezidumile ezihlelelwe ukulahlekelwa ukuvikelwa kwemakethe yase-US phakathi kuka-2013 no-2016:
2013
- U-Oxycontin (oxycodone HCI), i-opioid yokuphathwa ubuhlungu, wathola u-$ 2.8 wezigidigidi ekuthengiseni ngo-2011 kumkhiqizi wayo wase-US, i-Purdue Pharma LP.
- I-AcipHex (i-rabeprazole sodium), ukuguquka kwenhliziyo okuhlobene nesifo se-acid reflux, umakhi: Eisai Inc. noJanssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- Umjovo we-Zometa (zoledronic acid) ukwelashwa kwe-hypercalcemia yokulimala okubangelwa amazinga aphakeme egazi le-calcium ngenxa yomdlavuza; I-1.5 1.5 billion yokuthengiswa kwembulunga yonke ngo-2010. Yenziwe yi-Novartis.
- I-Xeloda (capecitabine) yindlela yokwelapha ngomlomo we-chemotherapy yomdlavuza we-metastatic colorectal kanye nesifuba owenziwe nguGenentech / Roche. Ukuthengisa kwe-US kwakhula ngamadijithi kabili ngonyaka ukuze kufinyelele ku-$ 647.6 million ngonyaka ka-2011.
- I-Opana ER (i-oxymorphone HCI), i-agonist ye-opioid evunyelwe ukuphathwa kokuhlukunyezwa okukhulu, okwakhiwa yi-Endo Pharmaceuticals Inc. Sales ngo-2011 kwakuyizigidi ezingu-384.7 zamaRandi.
- I-Asacol (mesalamine), ekwelapheni izimpawu ze-ulcerative colitis, yathola imali eyizigidi eziyizigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-800 ezidayiswa emhlabeni jikelele ngo-2010. Umkhiqizi: Warner Chilcott
2014
- I-Nexium (esomeprazole) yokwelashwa kwesifo se-reflux ye-gastroesophageal (GERD) senziwa yi-AstraZeneca. Ukuthengiswa kwezwe jikelele ngo-2010 kwakungu-$ 4.9 billion.
- I-Cymbalta (duloxetine HCI), eyakhiwa u-Eli Lilly, iwukwelapha ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka okwenziwe ngokujwayelekile, ubuhlungu besifo sikashukela, i-fibromyalgia nobuhlungu obukhulu obungama-musculoskeletal. Ukuthengisa kwe-Global kudlule u-$ 4 billion ngonyaka ka-2011.
- I-celebrex (celecoxib) iwukuba ukwelashwa kwe-osteoarthritis kanye nezimpawu zesifo se-arthritis kanye nokuphathwa kobuhlungu obukhulu kubantu abadala. I-Pfizer, umenzi wayo, ibike ukuthengiswa kwe $ 2.5 billion ngo-2011.
- I-Symbicort (budesonide / formoterol fumarate dihydrate) ye-asthma ne-COPD yenziwa yi-AstraZeneca. Ukuthengisa kwe-Symbicort kwakungu-3.1 3.1 billion ngonyaka ka-2011.
- I-Lunesta (i-eszopiclone), ukwelashwa kokulala, iyenziwa yi-Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., eyisibonelelo sikaDainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co. Ltd. Ukuthengwa kwezimali emhlabeni wonke ngo-2010 kwakungu-$ 631 million.
- I-Restasis (emulsion ye-cyclosporine ephthalmic ophthalmic) yokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi ezigulini ezinamehlo angapheli, yenziwa yi-Allergan. Ngo-2010, ukuthengiswa kwezwe emhlabeni wonke kufinyelele ku-$ 621 million.
- I-Evista (i-raloxifene HCI), eyakhiwe ngu-Eli Lilly, iwukuba ukwelapha nokuvimbela i-osteoporosis. U-Evista wathola imali engu-R3,3 billion emalini yokuthengisa emhlabeni wonke ngo-2010.
- I-Sandostatin LAR (i-octreotide acetate yokumiswa okwesikhashana) yi-Novartis, iwukuba ukwelashwa kwe-acromegaly syndrome, isifo se-hormonal, nesifo sohudo esibi kakhulu kanye nokuxubha okuhlobene namagciwane e-metastatic. Ukuthengiswa kwembulunga yonke kwakungu-$ 1.3 billion ngonyaka ka-2010.
- I-Actonel (risedronate) iwukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwe-osteoporosis. Ngo-2010, ukuthengisa emhlabeni wonke kwakungu-$ 1.6 billion. U-Actonel wenziwa nguWarner Chilcott.
2015
- Abilify (aripiprazole) ngu-Otsuka Pharmaceutical i-anti-psychotic esetshenziselwa ukuphatha izimpawu zesifo schizophrenia ne-bipolar disorder. Ngo-2010, ukuthengiswa kwembulunga yonke kwafinyelela ku-$ 4.6 billion.
- I-Copaxone (i-glatiramer acetate injection) yindlela yokwelashwa kabusha kwe-multiple sclerosis (RRMS) eyenziwe yi-Teva Pharmaceuticals. Ukuthengisa kufikele ku-$ 3.57 billion ngonyaka ka-2011.
- I-Gleevec (i-imatinib mesylate) iyindlela yokwelashwa kwe-myeloid leukemia engapheli (CML) kanye nesisu senhliziyo esiswini (GIST). Ukuthengiswa kwembulunga yonke kwakungu-$ 4.26 billion ngonyaka wezi-2010. I-Gleevec yenziwa yi-Novartis.
- I-Namenda (i-memantine HCI) yindlela yokwelapha ehambisana nesifo esinzima se-Alzheimer esakhiwe yi-Forest Laboratories, Inc.
- I-Provigil (modafinil), ukwelashwa kokulala ngokweqile nokuguquka kwesifo sokulala emsebenzini, yenziwa yi-Teva Pharmaceuticals. Umkhiqizo wakhiqize u-$ 350 million ekuthengiseni ngo-2011.
- I-Combivent (i-albuterol ne-ipratropium inhalation) iwukuphathwa kwezimpawu ze-chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD). UBoehringer Ingelheim ibike ukuthengiswa kwe $ 965 million ngo-2010.
- I-Zyvox (linezolid) i-antiviral eyenziwa yi-Pfizer. Le nkampani ibike ukuthengiswa kwembulunga yonke ye $ 325 million ngo-2011.
- I-Prezista (i-darunavir) i-protease inhibitor yesifo se-immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Isakazwe yi-Janssen Therapeutics, ukuthengiswa kwe-Prezista kwakungu-$ 888 million emhlabeni jikelele ngo-2010.
- I-Avodart (i-dutasteride) iyindlela yokwelapha i-benign prostatic hyperplasia (i-prostate gland ekhulisiwe). I-GlaxoSmithKline ibike ukuthengiswa kwe $ 973 million emhlabeni wonke 2010.
2016
- I-Crestor (i-rosuvastatin calcium) ngu-Astra Zeneca, iyindlela yokwelapha ukwehlisa i-cholesterol ye-LDL Igazi. Ukudayiswa kwe-Crestor kwakungu-$ 6 billion ngonyaka ka-2010.
- I-Benicar (i-olmesartan medoxomil) ye-high blood pressure yenziwa yi-Daiichi Sankyo, Inc. Ngo-2010, ukudayiswa kwakungu-$ 2.5 billion.
- I-Cubicin (i-daptomycin) i-anti-virus eyenziwe yiCubist Pharmaceuticals. Isidakamizwa esakhiwe amaRandi angu-644 million ekuthengiseni kwembulunga yonke ngo-2010. Isidakamizwa esijwayelekile, i-datomyucin, sivunyiwe ngoJulayi 6, 2016.
- I-Zetia (i-ezetimibe) esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-cholesterol ephezulu, eyenziwe nguMerck.
- I-Nuvigil (armodafinil) isetshenziselwa ukuphatha ukulala okuhlobene ne-narcolepsey nokuphefumula kokulala. Yenziwe yi-Teva.
- Intuniv (guanfacine hydrochloride) esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-ADHD yobuntwana, eyenziwe yiShire.
- I-Seroquel XR (quetiapine fumarate) esetshenziselwa ukuphathwa okunzima kweziqephu ezicindezelayo, ezenziwe yi-AstraZeneca.
Yiqiniso, kunezinto eziningi ezingahambi kahle lapho inkampani ejwayelekile izama ukuqala umkhiqizo omusha endaweni yokuhweba emakethe.
Imithombo
EvaluatePharma Ltd. Imithi yezokwelapha eyenza irekhodi lobunikazi I-Expiries, Hlola. Februwari 2, 2011.
IMS Health
Imibiko yenkampani