Omunye wemithi ehlinzekwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa (Surgery) ye-General Anesthesia
Umuntu okhubazekile (ngezinye izikhathi obizwa ngokuthi i-muscle ephumuzayo) yisigaba semithi edala ukuphumula okweqile okwenza imisipha eminingi yomzimba ingakwazi ukuhamba. Ngokusho kweMedscape: I-Succinylcholine, isisindo esiphuthumayo esiphuthumayo, esiphuthumayo esifushane sokusebenza ngokuphuza, sekuyisikhathi esiyisidakamizwa esikhethweni lapho kudingeka ukuphumula kwemizimba esheshayo.
Okwenza Izifo ezikhubazekile zisetshenziswe
Ezimweni ezithile, ukukhubazeka kuyasetshenziswa njengengxenye ye- anesthesia jikelele , ukuvimbela ukunyakaza ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Uma i-anesthesia yenze nje ukulala kwesiguli, babezokwazi ukuhamba ngesikhathi senqubo. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu kumhlinzeki ohlinzayo, osebenza ngezinsimbi ezibucayi ezindaweni ezibucayi zomzimba.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ngisho nokunyakaza okuncane kakhulu okungazibandakanyi, njengama-twitches emisipha, kungabangela iphutha lokuhlinzwa. Into efana nokukhipha ingaba yingozi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobo ezithile zokuhlinzeka, kudingekile ukuthi isiguli singakaze sithinte ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ngaphandle kokunyakaza okudingekayo ukuphefumula.
Izidakamizwa ezikhubazayo zivame ukusetshenziselwa izinhloso ezithile; Ngokwesibonelo:
- ukubeka ithubhu lokuphefumula ibe yi-windpipe
- ukuhlinzwa kwesisu
- ukuhlinzwa komphimbo
- ukuhlinzwa okunye esifubeni esithinta inhliziyo kanye / noma amaphaphu
Yeka ukuthi izidakamizwa ezikhubazekile ziyasebenza kanjani
Izidakamizwa eziningi ezikhubazekile zisekelwe emthini wezokwelapha obizwa ngokuthi i-curare. Isitshalo esizalwa eNingizimu Melika, ekuqaleni sasetshenziswa ukukhubazeka ngesikhathi sokuzingela.
Maphakathi nawo-1940, ukusetshenziselwa ukudla kwakusetshenziselwa ukuhlinzekwa kwe-anesthesia. Kusukela ngawo-1950, abacwaningi baqala ukudala izidakamizwa ezikhubazayo. Nakuba lezi zisiza ekuhlinzekeni, eziningi zazinokukhubazeka njengokuqala kancane noma ukungazibikezeli.
Izidakamizwa ezikhubazekile zikhulula imisipha kuze kube yilapho kungenakwenzeka ukusebenzisa inqwaba yemisipha yomzimba.
Imisipha ye-diaphragm, esiza amaphaphu agcwalise oksijeni, ayakwazi futhi ukuhamba, ngakho akunakwenzeka ukuphefumula. Uma imithi ekhubazekile ihlinzekwa, i- ventilator kanye nethubhu yokuphefumula kuyadingeka.
Loluhlobo lwemithi lunikezwa nge-IV futhi luyatholakala kuphela ezibhedlela nasezikhungweni zokuhlinza. Iziguli kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela, futhi umthamo kumele ukhethwe ngokucophelela. Ngisho nokusetshenziswa okufanele nokuqapha ngokucophelela, imiphumela emibi ingenzeka. Eminye imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ihlanganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, isizungu, ubuhlungu bekhanda, ubuhlungu besifuba, nokushisa komzimba okwandisiwe.
Lapho ukuhlinzwa kuqedile, kunikezwa imithi yokuguqula imiphumela yezidakamizwa ezikhubazekile. Izibonelo zifaka i-acetylcholineterase inhibitors, neostigmine, ne-edrophonium. Njengazo zonke izidakamizwa ezikhubazekile, umthamo kumele ufanele ukugwema imiphumela emibi.
Yiziphi Izifo Ezikhubazayo Ongayenzi
Izifo ezikhubazekile zigcina umzimba uhambe; azikho umthelela ebuhlungu noma ememori. Ngaphandle kokuhlala, isiguli sasizophaphama ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa futhi singakwazi ukuhambisa. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-sedation nayo inikezwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuyeka iziguli ukuba zingabhekene nosizi noma ukukhumbula isipiliyoni sohlelo lokusebenza.
Kuyinto inhlanganisela yemithi yokwelapha kanye nomuntu okhubazekile owenza i-anesthesia jikelele iphumelele iziguli eziningi zokuhlinzwa.
> Imithombo:
> Cindezela, uChristopher. I-anesthesia ejwayelekile. I-Medscape. Iwebhu. 2015.
> Raghavendra T. Izidakamizwa ezivimbela i-Neuromuscular: ukutholakala nokuthuthukiswa. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine . 2002; 95 (7): 363-367.