I-lymphoma ingumdlavuza wezinhlobo zamangqamuzana egazi ezimhlophe aziwa ngokuthi i-lymphocytes. I-MALT lymphoma iyindlela engavamile ye- non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) . I-MALT imelela "izicubu ze-mucosa-ezihambisana ne-lymphoid." Ngokungafani nama-lymphomas amaningi aqala ukukhula ngaphakathi kwe-lymph nodes, lolu hlobo lwe-lymphoma luvame ukuvela ezicubu ezikhona emgqeni kwezinye izitho zomzimba.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-lymphocytes, futhi umuntu angathuthukisa i-lymphoma kunoma iyiphi yalezi zinhlobo. Kunezindlela ze-B-lymphocytes kanye ne-T lymphocytes, isibonelo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela, kuneB-cell lymphomas kanye ne-T-cell lymphomas. I-MALT lymphoma ibizwa nangokuthi "i-extranodal zone b-cell lymphoma", ebonisa ukuthi uhlobo lwe-B-cell engeyona i-Hodgkin lymphoma engabikho ku-lymph nodes kodwa kwezinye izitho.
Ukuvama
I-MALT i-lymphomas akhawunti ye- 5% kuphela ye-non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Zivame kakhulu kubantu abadala kodwa zingase zibe ngabanye eminyakeni engamashumi amabili nantathu. Zivame kakhulu kubantu besifazane kunamadoda.
Amalungu aphethwe
Isitho esithinteka kakhulu ku-MALT lymphoma yisisu, esibangele cishe kokubili kwezimo ezintathu. Uma i-MALT lymphoma iqala esiswini, ingase futhi ibizwe ngokuthi "isisu se-MALT lymphoma." Kodwa ezinye izitho nazo zithinteka yi-MALT lymphoma.
I-lung, i-thyroid, i-gland ye-salivary futhi iso lingathinteka yilo lymphoma.
Izimbangela
I-MALT lymphomas yesisu ihlotshaniswa nokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya. U-Helicobacter pylori uhlobo lwebhaktheriya oluvame ukuhlasela isisu futhi lubangele izilonda kanye nesisu, noma ukucasuka nokuvuvukala kwesisu esiswini.
Kwamanye abantu, leli bhakthazi lingabangela futhi i-MALT lymphomas. I-Gastric MALT lymphoma ayiyona into eyingqayizivele ngaleyo ndlela kwezinye izinhlobo ze-lymphoma ziye zaxhunyaniswa nezifo ngamagciwane, ama-virusi, nama-parasites . Lokhu kunengqondo uma ucabanga ngesimiso se-lymph, kufaka phakathi i-lymphocytes yayo, njengengxenye yesistimu yomzimba evimbela ukulwa nokulwa nezilwane zangaphandle emzimbeni wethu. Emhlabeni wonke, cishe 20% wegciwane lesandulela ngculaza lihlobene nezifo. Izingozi zeMALT lymphomas zihlanganisa nokutheleleka nge-Chlamydophilia psittaci, nezifo ezizimele.
Ukuziphatha
I-MALT lymphomas yi-lymphomas ephansi. Zakhula kancane futhi zihlala ziboshwe esithombeni esisodwa isikhathi eside kakhulu. Lapho ukhuluma nge-lymphomas ekhula kancane, i-oncologists ngokuvamile isebenzisa igama elithi 'indolent.' Iningi leziguli ezine-MALT lymphoma zitholwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba lesi sifo sesakaze kwezinye izitho namallimini.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-MALT lymphoma zithembele esithombeni esithintekile. Uma i-MALT i-lymphoma isithinta isisu, ungase uzizwe ungezwela noma ungase ulahlekelwe isisindo; Izitshalo ezimnyama nazo kungenzeka ngenxa yokuphuma kwegazi esiswini. Abanye abantu bangase bazizwe ubuhlungu obungacacile esiswini.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuze uhlolisise i-MALT lymphoma, udokotela uzodinga ukuthatha i-biopsy kusuka ku-tumor. Ku-MALT lymphomas esiswini, ngokuvamile lokhu kuhilela i-endoscopy. Odokotela bazohlola futhi ukuba khona kwe-H. pylori bacteria esiswini. Ezinye izivivinyo ezizodinga ukwenziwa zihlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi, izikali zesisu nesifuba, kanye nokuhlolwa komnyofu wamathambo .
Isiteji
I-staging of lymphomas ihlanganisa ukulinganisa okuhlukene oku-3. I-MALT lymphomas ihlukaniswa kuqala ngezigaba ezihlukene, kusukela esiteji I kuya esigabeni IV ngokusekelwe ekutheni zibanzi kangakanani. Khona-ke incwadi A noma B inikezwa ngokusekelwe ezimpawu.
Kukhona nezinye izinhlamvu ezimbili, i-E ne-S, lapho i-E imelela khona 'okwandayo' noma ngaphandle kwesistimu ye-lymphatic, futhi i-S imelela ukutholakala komdlavuza esitezini. I-MALT lymphomas ayifuni kuma-lymph nodes, futhi ayesakazeki kwezinye izitho. Amaningi e-MALT lymphomas atholakala ku-Stage IE, okusho ukuthi akhona esithombeni esisodwa kuphela futhi angaphandle kwesistimu ye-lymphatic. Amaphesenti angu-20 kuphela e-MALT lymphomas asezingeni eliphezulu lapho ehlushwa.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwe-MALT lymphomas kuncike enhlanganweni ehilelekile kanye nesiteji sokuxilongwa. Kulezi ziguli eziningi, ukwelashwa kwendawo okufana nokwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa kungakwanela ukubhekana nalesi sifo, kodwa ukwelapha okusebenzayo njengokuthi i-chemotherapy ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezinga eliphezulu futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ingozi yokuphindaphinda nama-cancer angaphambili.
Ukwelashwa kwe-MALT lymphomas yesisu kuwukuqeda ukutheleleka ngeH pylori. Lokhu kuphela kwanele ukuqeda umdlavuza emaphesenti amakhulu abantu.
Izwi elivela
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-chemotherapy ye-MALT lymphomas akuzange kufundwe ngendlela efanayo nezinye izilonda. Esikhathini esidlule, sekuyisiko ukusebenzisa uhlobo lwe-chemotherapy olusetshenziselwa i-low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Ezimweni lapho imishanguzo ye-antibiotic ihluleka khona, kunesivumelwano esihle sokuthi imithi ye-chemotherapy kufanele isetshenziswe, kodwa ingavumelani kangako ngemigomo yokwelapha efanele.
Imithombo:
Nakamura, S., noT. Matsumoto. Isu Lokunakekela I-Lucphoid-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma ye-Gastric Gastric. Imitholampilo ye-Gastroenterology eNyakatho Melika . 2015. 44 (3): 649-60.
Raderer, M., Kiesewetter, B., Ferreri, A. et al. Izimpawu ze-Clinicopathologic kanye nokwelashwa kwesigcawu se-lymphoma emkhakheni we-mucosa-ezihambisana nezicubu ze-lymphoid (i-MALT lymphoma), i- CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians . 2015 Nov 24. (Epub ngaphambi kokuphrinta).