Ukuqonda ama-Universal Donors nabamukeli
Cishe uyazi ukuthi ukunikeza umuntu igazi ngegazi elingalungile kungalimaza, okuholela ekwenqatsheni nasekufeni njalo, kodwa ungase ungaqapheli ukuthi abanye abantu bangayithola igazi ngokuphepha kumuntu onikeza noma yiluphi uhlobo lwegazi. Umuntu ongayamukela ukumpontshelwa igazi kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwegazi ubizwa ngokuthi umamukeli wendawo yonke.
Abamukeli bemvelo bangathola ukumpontshelwa igazi kumuntu onoma yiluphi uhlobo lwegazi .
Ukubeka ngenye indlela, amasosha omzimba omuntu onegazi lika-AB uyokwamukela igazi kubo bonke abanikeli abakhona, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bane-O, A, B, noma i-AB.
Ngakho-ke kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi uhlobo lwegazi oluphuthumayo nalo olumamukeli wendawo yonke? Impendulo ikhona kuma-antigens asekhona ezinhlotsheni eziningi zegazi . O izinhlobo zegazi zihlukile ngoba azikho ama-antigens. Izinhlobo zegazi zine-antigen ecacile futhi eyingqayizivele egazini, njengezinhlobo zegazi zeB. Uhlobo lwegazi lwe-AB lusho ukuthi kokubili ama-antigens wegazi le-A ne-B kokubili.
Njengoba kokubili ama-antigens A ne-B ekhona kumuntu onegazi le-AB, umamukeli ngeke alahle igazi. Umzimba uveza lelo gama ngokuthi "uqobo" kunokuthi "uqobo". Igazi alikho ama-antigens futhi libhekwa njengegazi lomnikelo wonke, ngakho-ke ngeke kubangele ukusabela. Ngakho-ke, umuntu onegazi lika-AB unama-antigens onke angenzeka, futhi O omuntu ongenamuntu akanalo ama-antigens angabangela ukusabela.
Ukubhekana Nokudluliswa Kwegazi
Khumbula ukuthi kukhona umehluko emkhatsini wokuphendula okwenziwe ngokumpontshelwa uhlobo olungalungile lwegazi, okungaba njalo futhi oluvame ukubulala, kanye nokusabela okwenziwe okwenziwe okwenziwe okwenziwe okwehliswa igazi, okungenzeka kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwegazi.
Ukusabela okubangelwa ukwelapha ekumpompheni kwegazi akubangelwa ukungahambisani negazi; kubangelwa umzimba womamukeli okhomba igazi "lingaphandle." Amasosha omzimba azama ukubhubhisa amaseli angaphandle.
Eyaziwa nangokuthi ukuphendulwa kokumpontshelwa kwe-hemolytic acute, lolu hlobo lokuphendula luvame ukubangela ukushisa, ukushisa, ukuphosa, ukuchithwa nokushona. Ngokujwayelekile idlula emahoreni angu-24-48 futhi kuvame ukuphathwa ngokuyeka ukumpontshelwa nokulawula umthamo we-Benadryl noma enye i-agent ehlisa i-histamine ukunciphisa ukusabela.
Ngokungafani nokusabela okwenzekayo uma kunikezwa uhlobo olungelahle lwegazi, ukusabela umzimba okuya egazini okubhekwa ngokuthi "angaphandle" kungavame ukuphathwa ngokuphumelelayo uma kutholakala futhi kuphathwa. Umuntu onalolu hlobo lokuphendula angadinga igazi elingaphezulu kakhulu elihlolwe esikhathini esizayo ukuvimbela ukusabela okunjalo nokumpompela okulandelayo, uma kunesidingo segazi elingeziwe.
Umnikelo Womzimba nabamukeli Bomhlaba Wonke
Ukwamukelwa ngegazi akuyona nje kuphela isikhathi sokuba umamukeli wendawo yonke abezindaba. Umuntu odinga ukufakelwa komzimba angase azuze nokuba ngumamukeli wendawo yonke.
Uma isiguli sinesifo segazi le-AB futhi sidinga isitho, singamukela isitho esivela kubanikeli bazo zonke izinhlobo zegazi, njengoba nje bamukela igazi lanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Inqubo yokufanisa umnikeli nomamukeli kunzima kakhulu kunalokho futhi idinga ukufanisa ngaphesheya kwezinhlobo zegazi ezihambisanayo kuphela.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umnikeli nomamukeli angeke bahambisane, kodwa, ngokuvamile, umuntu ophethe uhlobo lwegazi lwe-AB angathola isitho esivela kumnikeli waluphi uhlobo lwegazi.
Isistimu yokwabiwa kwesigceme iphinde isetshenziswe ukuze ukwabiwa kwezitho kulungile, futhi abamukeli be-AB bangatholi amaphesenti angalungile ezitho zomzimba ngenkathi abamukeli nezinye izinhlobo zegazi bethola kancane. U-UNOS, inhlangano eyabelana ngezitho, isebenza kanzima ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitho ziya kubamukeli ngendlela efanele kubantu bazo zonke izinhlobo zegazi, izinhlanga, ubudala nemibandela.
Izwi elivela
Abantu abanegazi lika-AB banenhlanhla yokwazi ukwamukela igazi kubanikeli bazo zonke izinhlobo zegazi.
Ngenkathi lokhu kuyiqiniso elimnandi, kukhona ngokuvamile ukuhlinzeka ngegazi okwanele kunoma ubani onesidingo-kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlobo lwegazi luni - nganoma yiluphi usuku olunikeziwe. Iminikelo yegazi evela emphakathini ophanayo yenza kube lula isiguli soma yiluphi uhlobo lwegazi, okungavamile noma okunye, ukuzuza ngokumpompela igazi uma kudingeka.
> Umthombo:
> Izimpawu zegazi kanye nezibalo. I-American Red Cross. http://www.redcrossblood.org/learn-about-blood/blood-facts-and-statistics