Inhloko yekhanda ingabangela izinga eliphezulu lokukhathazeka . Ngenkathi kunezinkolelo eziningi mayelana nokuthi ama-lice asakazeka kanjani, ukuxhumana okusemakhanda kuya ekhanda kuyisizathu esivamile. I-lice ingasakazeka ngezingubo, ukulala, noma ezinye izinto, nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Ukukhishwa kwezinyosi zekhanda kuthinta izigidi zezingane nabantu abadala ngonyaka, kuzo zonke izimo zezenhlalo. Nakuba kungathandeki, izinyosi azifaki izifo.
Izimbangela ezivamile
I-head louse yi-insect ye-parasitic Pediculus humanus capitis. Inhloko yekhanda ithande ukuhlala eduze kwesibindi lapho idla khona izikhathi eziningana ngegazi. Zitholakala ezinwele zekhanda, amashiya, ne-eyelashes. Kungenzeka ukuthi zitholakala ngemuva kwezindlebe nasezintweni.
Isikhathi sokuphila seLice
Iphili lihamba ngalezi zigaba:
- Amantongomane: Amaqanda ezinyosi zekhanda abizwa ngokuthi ama-nits. Ziyi-oval, ziphuzi zibe mhlophe ngombala, futhi cishe ngobukhulu befindo emgqeni. Zibekwa eduze kwesikhumba, zixhunywe ngokuqinile emgodini wezinwele, futhi zidinga ukushisa komzimba ukuze zifake futhi zihlwithe. Bathatha izinsuku eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye ukwenza kanjalo.
- Ama-Nymphs: Amaqanda ayaqhuma abe ama-nymphs, ne-nit shell ehambayo esele ihlanganiswe ne-shaft yezinwele. Ama-nymphe angalingana nenhloko yepini futhi aphuzi ukugqwala ngombala. Bathuthuka baba abantu abadala emva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa.
- Umlenze womuntu omdala: Umlenze omdala ulingana nobukhulu bekhanda lesiphambano futhi ubheka okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu welayisi. I-oval enezinyawo ezintathu ohlangothini ngalunye futhi ibomvu ngombala. Ihamba kuphela ngokukhahlazela, hhayi ngokushayela noma ukuhamba kodwa ukuhamba ngokushesha. Izinduna ezindala zingaphila izinsuku ezingaba ngu-30 enhloko. Bazofa masinyane uma bephuma esikhwameni, mhlawumbe basinda kuze kube usuku noma ezimbili kakhulu, njengoba kudingeka badle njalo.
Ukusakazeka kweLice
Oxhumana naye okhanda ngezinhloko (noma izinwele ezinwele) kuyindlela elula yezinyosi zokusabalalisa. Amaqembu amakhulu kakhulu engozini yizingane ezisenkulisa, ukunakekelwa kwamasuku, kanye nezikole, nemindeni yabo. Noma kunjalo, izinyosi zingasakazeka kubantu bazobuphi ubudala.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abase-Afrika baseMelika abanamathuba amaningi okuba nezinyosi. Kungenzeka ukuthi izinhlayiya zezinyosi zivumelanisiwe ukuze ziqonde i-shaft yezinwele zesayizi ethile nokuma, okungavamile phakathi kwaleloqembu labantu.
Kwabanye, izinyosi zitholakala ezinwele zobude obude, obufushane noma obude, nokuthi ngabe izinwele zihamba noma ziqondile.
Ngenkathi abantu bevame ukusola izigqoko zokwabelana, ama-combs, ama-brushes, izigqoko, ngisho nama-headphone okusabalalisa izinyosi, ukuthintana nezinto ezithinte umuntu ophelelwe yisikhathi ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga. Izifundo zibonise ukuthi kwakungekho izinyathelo ezibukhoma ezigqokeni ezigqoke izingane ezinezinyosi ezikhulayo zezinyosi futhi azikho izinyathelo noma izitshalo ezingaphansi kwezikole. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi baqaphele ukuthi akukho hlangana phakathi kokuhlanganyela ama-combs, ama-brushes, izingwegwe zamadonga, noma ama-lockers nokuthola izinyama. Noma kunjalo, cishe umqondo omuhle wokugwema ukwabelana ngalezi zinto.
Abazali bavame ukusola ezinye izingane esikoleni lapho izingane zabo zithola izinyama, kodwa ezinye izazi zezinyosi zicabangela ukuthi izingane zingase zithole izinyosi ezivela emindenini ekhaya noma lezi ezinye izimo lapho kungenzeka khona ukuxhumana okukhanda ngekhanda:
- Amaqembu angenele kanye namaqembu okulala
- Imisebenzi yemidlalo
- Ikamu lokulala ebusuku
Izindlela Zengozi Yokuphila
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukungena kwezinyosi kwenzeka phakathi kwazo zonke izigaba zenhlalo, ezicebile nabampofu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungena kwezinyosi akuhlobene nokuhlanzeka, kungaba umuntu (ukukhombisa, ukugeza izinwele) noma imvelo (ukuhlanzeka kwekhaya noma esikoleni).
Ngenkathi ukukhetha kokuphila, ngaphandle kwalabo abathintana nekhanda noma ikhanda noma ozinwele ngezinwele, akuthinti kakhulu ingozi yekhanda lekhanda, lokhu okulandelayo kungabangela ingozi ukuthi ingadluliselwa kwabanye:
- Ukuntuleka kokuhlola : Iphili iyaqhubeka isakazeka isikhathi eside uma kwenzeka kungabonwa futhi kungaphenduliwe. Ukuhlola ngokusebenzisa ikhekhe lezinyosi kuyindlela esheshayo futhi ephumelelayo yokubheka izitshalo noma i-lice, ngoba kungase kube khona izimpawu (ukucheka noma izilonda ekuqotheni kungenzeka kube khona, kodwa hhayi njalo). Lokhu kunconywa ngokukhethekile uma kukhona icala eliyaziwayo lezinyosi phakathi kwabangane abaseduze, njengabafunda nabo esikoleni.
- Ukuthula: Kubalulekile ukubika induna kumhlengikazi wesikole wengane noma umxhumanisi wezinhlelo. Nakuba izinhlelo zokuhlolisisa i-head lice zekhanda esikoleni azivame ukusebenza kahle, izindaba zingase zenze ukuhlolwa kwabafundi ekilasini, ikakhulukazi labo okungenzeka ukuthi babe nokuxhumana ngokuqondile kwekhanda nentombazane enenhloko yekhanda. Abaphathi nabo bangase bathumele inothi kubazali ukuze bakwazi ukuhlola ekhaya; iningi liqaphele ukuthi lingabandakanyi igama lakho lomntanakho kusaziso. Uma unamahloni, usho nje ukuthi uzwile izinyosi behamba futhi ukhuthaza abazali ukuba bahlole izingane zabo.
Izinganekwane nezinkohlakalo
Izinganekwane nezincazelo ezingalungile zingaqhubeka nomjikelezo wokusabalalisa izinyosi nokutholwa ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ungakholelwa lezi zitatimende ezivamile:
- Ama-shampoos akhethekile kanye nezigulisi zingakuvimbela ukuba ungayitholi inhloko yekhanda.
Akunjalo. Ayikho ukwelashwa okuvimbelayo. - Ama-nits ahlale ewuphawu lokuthi kukhona ukukhulelwa kwekhanda elisebenzayo.
Azikho. Ama-nits angama-intshi amahhafu noma ngaphezulu kude ne-scalp ayinakwenzeka futhi akhombise ukukhulelwa okudala okungase kungasebenzi. - Izinqubomgomo ze-no-nit zisiza ukugcina izilwane eziphuma ezikoleni .
Akunjalo. I-American Academy of Pediatrics ikhuthaza izingane ukuba zibuyele esikoleni ngemuva kokwelashwa kwazo kokuqala. - Amakhambi asekhaya angavimbela futhi aphathe izinyosi .
Ayikho ubufakazi obanele bokuthi bayakwenza. - Kulula ukukhipha ngesandla i-lice bukhoma ukuze uphathe isifo se-infestation .
Kungenziwa, kodwa kusukela umuntu olinganiselwe obhekene nakho okungenani izinyama ezingu-10 ezijikelezayo, ngokuqinisekile akulula. - Kufanele ususe zonke izitshalo.
Akunjalo neze. Ukuphinda ukwelashwa okunconywe ezinsukwini eziyisishiyagalolunye kufanele kubulawe ama-hatching nits. Kodwa ukususa ama-nits kwenza kube lula ukubona izitshalo ezintsha futhi wazi ukuthi ukuphela kwesisu sekuhambe ngempela, ngakho kungase kuzuze. - Kumele ushayele udokotela wezingane zakho ukuthi uthole ukwelashwa kwezinyosi zemithi .
Kufanele usebenzise imithi ye-li-counter-counter-counter njenge-Rid noma i-Nix kuqala, kodwa uma uqinisekile ukuthi kukhona ukukhulelwa kwezinyosi ezisebenzayo hhayi nje izimboni. - Kumele ukhiphe i-disinfect indlu yakho yonke .
Udinga kuphela ukuhlanza izinto okungenzeka ukuthi uthintana naye, okubandakanya izingubo, amashidi, izigqoko, amabhulashi, namacillowcases, njll. Kumele futhi uphumule imishini yokugqoka, amashaya, kanye nefenisha umuntu ahlale kuyo noma abekwe ngaphakathi Amahora angu-48 edlule.
Ukuthola izinyosi kuyinkinga encane yengane kanye nomndeni. Ukukhathazeka mayelana nabo akufanele kube. Ngisho noma wena noma ingane yakho unomlandu onzima ukuwuqeda, udokotela wakho angasiza ngezeluleko zokwelapha .
Imithombo:
> Devore CD, Schutze GE. Head Lice. Izingane zokwelapha . 2015; 135 (5). i-doi: 10.1542 / ama-peds.2015-0746.
> Meister L, Ochsendorf F. Inhloko Yenhloko: Epidemiology, Biology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. I-Deutsches Ärzteblatt International . 2016; 113 (45): 763-772. doi: 10.3238 / arztebl.2016.0763.