Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni amathambo we-ankle aphukile
Ama-fracture ama-ankle avame ukulimala emathanjeni azungeze ukuhlanganiswa kwe-ankle. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-fracture ama-ankle, futhi ukwelashwa kuyahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi indawo nendawo eqinile yokulimala. Ukuqonda ukuthi ukwenze kanjani nge-ankle ephukile kudinga olunye ulwazi mayelana nokuthi lezi zingozi zivela kanjani.
Ama-Bones we-Ankle Joint
I-ankle iyinhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi eyenza ukuthi amathambo amathathu ahlangane.
Amathambo omlenze ophansi, i-tibia, ne-fibula angaphezu kwe-joint, kanti i-talus ingaphansi kwe-joint. Uma udokotela ekhuluma ngokuqhekeka kwe-ankle, ngokuvamile ukhuluma ngethambo eliphukile le-tibia noma i-fibula.
I-tibia, ebizwa nangokuthi ithambo le-shin, liyisitja esikhulu, esithwele isisindo somlenze ophansi. Ngokwesisindo esidluliselwe emlenzeni, cishe amaphesenti angama-90 athathwa yi-tibia. I-fibula iyithambo elincane ngaphandle komlenze. It kuphela ithwala cishe amaphesenti ayishumi esisindo somzimba wakho.
Bobabili i-tibia kanye ne- fibula bagubungela i -talus ukuze bahlanganise ukujoyina ama-ankle . I-bony evelele emagqokeni ibizwa ngokuthi i-malleolus ephakathi (ekupheleni kwe-tibia) kanye ne-lateral malleolus (ekupheleni kwe-fibula). Amaphethelo alawa mathambo ayenzela inkomishi efana ne-talus ehlala ngaphakathi.
I-Stable and Unstable Ankle Fractures
Isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke zokwelashwa kwe-ankle fracture ukuqonda ukuthi i-talus ihamba kanjani ngokuphathelene nemikhawulo ye-tibia ne-fibula.
Ama-fractures of the ankle angase azinzile (ukuhamba kwetalus kungashintshi) noma kungazinzile (i-talus ayifuni ngendlela evamile). Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukujoyina akugcinwanga endaweni ehambisanayo. Uma ukuphuka kwe-ankle kungasebenzi, ukwelashwa okunamandla okungaphezulu kuyadingeka.
Izinhlobo ze-Ankles eziphukile
Uma kwenzeka i-ankle ephukile, ukulimala kungenzeka kube sekupheleni kwe-tibia (i-malleolus engaphakathi) noma ku-fibula (i-malleolus lateral), noma kokubili.
Ukunquma ukuthi ungaqhubeka kanjani nokwelashwa kuxhomeke lapho ukulimala kwenzeke khona. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-fracture ama-ankle, nansi okuvame kakhulu:
- I-Lateral Malleolus Fractures (i-fibula kuphela): Ama- fractures we-fibula yedwa ayilona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-fracture fracture. Amaphutha amaningi omlilo angaphathwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlangana kwe-ankle kuhlala kuzinzile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi yize kukhona ukuphumula emathanjeni, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-ankle kusasebenza ngokujwayelekile. Uma umjoqo wezinyosi ungakhazile noma imigqa yonakalisiwe, khona-ke ukuhlinzwa kungase kunconywe. Enye inkomba yokubheka ukucaca ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-fibula kungadinga ukuhlinzeka yini ibanga lokuphuka kuze kube sekupheleni kwethambo. I-Fibula fractures engamakhilomitha amane ekupheleni kwethambo ngokuvamile iphephile ukuphatha ngokungahambi kahle, uma nje kungabikho ukulimala engxenyeni yangaphakathi yesonto (bheka ngezansi).
- I-Medial Malracolus Fractures (i-tibia kuphela): Lokhu kuphuka kwesigxathu sangaphakathi sezinyosi kwenzeka emathangeni ekupheleni kwe-tibia; leyo ngxenye yethambo ibizwa ngokuthi i-malleolus ephakathi. Ukuphuka kwe-malleolus engavamile kungavamile kakhulu kunokuhlukana kwe-malleolus yangasese. Ngokuvamile, ukuphulwa kwe-malleolus yangaphakathi (ngaphandle kwesimo) kuphethwe ngokuhlinzwa.
- I-Bimalleolar Ankle Fractures (kokubili i-tibia ne-fibula): I- Bimalleolar ye-ankle i-fracture iyenzeka uma kukhona ukulimala kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesikhumba. Lokhu kulimala njalo kuholela ekuhlanganyeleni kwe-ankle engazinzile, futhi ezigulini eziningi ezisebenzayo, ukuhlinzekwa kuyonconywa. Uma ukuphuka kuphulukisa kunoma yini engaphansi kwesimo esiphelele, ukulungiswa kokuhlanganiswa kwe-ankle kuyothinteka futhi kungabangela ukuba isifo samathambo esheshayo se-ankle . Ngisho nangokwelapha okuhlinzekwa, i-ankle cartilage ingonakaliswa ngesikhathi sokuphuka okuholela ekheni eliphakeme le-arthritis, kodwa kufanele uhlose ukwenza okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ulungise lezi ziphuphu ngokufanele ukuze ugcine amathuba ezinkinga zesikhathi eside njengephansi ngangokunokwenzeka.
- I-Bimalleolar Equivalent Fracture (i-fibula nemigamente ) : Lokhu kulimala kungukuhlukumeza kwe-fibula kuphela, kodwa kukhona futhi izinyembezi zemigqa engxenyeni yangaphakathi ye-ankle. Lokhu kuholela ekuziphatheni komzimba we-ankle, njengokungathi uma uhlangothi lwangaphakathi luphukile, ngakho-ke kudinga ukuhlinzwa.
- I-Trimalleolar Fracture (kokubili i-tibia ne-fibula): I-trimalleolar ye-ankle fracture ifana ncamashi ne-bimalleolar yangeni yokuphuka, kepha ithambo elisemuva kwe-tibia liphinde laphuka. I-bone ngemuva kwe-tibia ibizwa ngokuthi i-posterior malleolus. Ngesinye isikhathi, uma i-fragment enkulu yethofu iphukile, ukuhlinzekwa kufanele futhi kuqondane nale fragment. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile, ukuhlinzwa akufani nalokho okwenziwe nge-bimalleolar yangenqamuko.
- I-posterior Malleolus Fracture (i-tibia kuphela): Lokhu kulimala okungavamile ngokuzihlukanisa. Ama-fractures we-malleolus e-posterior atholakala ngokubambisana ne-bimalleolar yangen-fractures-lapho kwenzeka khona ukulimala okuthiwa i-trimalleolar ye-ankle fracture.
- I-Maisonneuve Fracture (i-tibia ne-fibula) : Ukuqhekeka kwe-Maisonneuve kungukulimala okungavamile, kodwa kudinga ukubhekwa njengokungabhekwa kalula ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okuphelele. E-Maisonneuve ephukile, ithambo lilimala engxenyeni yangaphakathi ye-ankle (i-malleolus engaphakathi). Ngenkathi i-malleolus ehamba phambili ihambile, kukhona ukuphuka okukhulu kakhulu phezu kwethambo le-fibula, ngokuvamile elizungeza emadolweni. Amandla alesi ukulimala adlula emgodini omkhulu ohlanganisa amathambo amabili omlenze, okuthiwa i-syndesmosis. Ngenxa yomonakalo walesi sibopho esisekelayo, isinxephezelo asizinzile futhi ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukudingeka.
Izimpawu Ze-Ankle Ephukile
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokuphuka kwe-ankle zihlanganisa:
- Ubuhlungu bokuthinta
- Ukuvuvukala
- Ukuthuka
- Ukungakwazi ukuhamba emlenzeni
- Ukukhubazeka ezungeze isikhumba
Kunemigomo yezokwelapha esetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa ama- fracture e-ankle avela ku-ankle sprains . Le mihlahlandlela, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Ottawa criteria iyasiza ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ama-x-ray kufanele ayenze kubantu abanezinhlungu ze- ankle .
Ukwelashwa Kwe-Ankle Ephukile
Uma kutholakala ukuphuka kwe-ankle, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa okufanele . Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa, kokubili ukuhlinzeka nokungahambi kahle, kanti ukwelashwa okufanele kuncike ekutheni uhlolwe kahle. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angakuqondisa ekuchapheni okuqondile.
> Umthombo:
> I-American Academy Yabahlinzayo Bama-Orthopedic. I-Ankle Fractures (i-Broken Ankle). http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00391.