I-malleolus engokwemvelo yi-bump engxenyeni yangaphakathi yokujoyina kwe-ankle. Lona ukuphela kwethambo le-shin (tibia) futhi lifaka ukwesekwa kwengxenyeni yangaphakathi yokujoyina kwe-ankle. I-malleolus ephakathi nayo iyinxusa ye-ligament enkulu engxenyeni yangaphakathi ye-ankle, okuthiwa i-deltoid ligament.
Ukuhlukana kwe-malleolus engokwemvelo kuvamile futhi kuvame ukuvela njengengxenye yesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sezinyosi zezintambo , kuhlanganise ne- bimalleolar ne-trimalleolar fractures .
Lokho kuthiwa, kwenzeka ukwehlukana okukodwa kwe-malleolus engaphakathi, nakuba kungavamile.
I-Medial Malleolus Fractures
Ukuhlukunyezwa okungahlangene kwamalleolus omzimba ngokuvamile kubonakala lapho unyawo luthwelwa ngaphakathi ngaphakathi noma ngaphakathi. Lapho unyawo luthinta ngaphakathi, lokhu kubangela ukucindezeleka kwe-malleolus engaphakathi ngaphakathi kwe-ankle. Lapho unyawo luphuma, lokhu kudonsela ukungezwani kumalleolus angaphakathi, okungaholela ekuqhekekeni.
Ama-fracture aphakathi kwamalleolus nawo angenzeka njengokwehluleka kokucindezeleka . Kulezi zimo, akukho ukulimala okunamandla, kodwa kunalokho ukucindezeleka okuphindaphindiwe komsebenzi kubangela ukuba ithambo linciphise. Ukucindezeleka ukuphazamiseka kwe-ankle kubonakala kaningi emidlalweni yokukhuthazela noma ekutholeni amasosha.
Izibonakaliso Zokuhlukana KweMalleolus Ephakathi
Ukuhlukana kwezimbangela zamalleolus eziphakathi kubandakanya:
- Ubuhlungu ohlangothini lwangaphakathi lwesikhumba
- Ukuvuvukala nokulimaza izinyawo nezinyawo
- Kunzima ukuhamba
Uma lezi zimpawu zenzeka, kufanele ubonwe udokotela ukuze unqume ukuthi unesifo sefu. Kunezinqubo ezisekelwe kahle ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-x-ray iyadingeka. Uma i-x-ray isuqedile, i-fracture kufanele ibonakale kalula; akuvamile ukuthi kunesidingo sokwenza noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa okumele kwenziwe.
Njengoba kukhonjisiwe, noma nini lapho kubonakala ukuphazamiseka kwe-malleolus emaphakathi, kunokukhathazeka ngomunye umonakalo emathanjeni nasemigqumeni engabangela ukulimala kakhudlwana kakhudlwana. Noma yisiphi isiguli esinokuphulwa kwe-malleolus ephakathi kufanele sihlolwe ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho okunye ukulimala noma umonakalo we-ligament ezungeze ukujoyina.
Ukwelashwa kweMalleolus Mediation Fracture
Kunezinketho zokwelapha ama-malleolus angama-fractures angama-surgically and chirurgical. Ngokuvamile, odokotela abaningi bancoma ukuhlinzeka ngezinsiza eziqashiwe (ezingahambisani kahle) noma ezenzeka ezigulini ezikhuthele kakhulu.
Kuye kwaba nezifundo eziningana eziye zaveza ukuphulukiswa okuhle kwama-malleolus ahlukeneyo aphathwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile lezi zintambo azikho ngaphansi kwesimo, futhi lezi ziguli zifunwa ngokweqile (ukuhlala ngaphezulu). Ukwelashwa ngokwemithi kaningi kuvame ukukhethwa uma i-fragment yethanga incane kakhulu ukuthi ingalungiswa kahle.
Ngezinhlanzi ezingekho kahle, noma ezigulini ezikhuthele kakhulu, inqubo yokuhlinzekela ukuphakamisa nokuqinisa ithambo ivame ukunconywa. Ithefu livame ukuqhutshwa ngezigxobo zensimbi, nakuba kunezinye izinketho eziningana ezingacatshangwa uma izikhwama zingeke zisebenzele iphethini ethile yokuphulwa.
Izinkinga zokwelapha
Uma ukuhlinzekwa kwenziwa, ukukhathazeka okukhulu kakhulu yizinkinga zokutheleleka nokuphulukiswa. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-ankle kubhekane nalezi zinkinga emva kokuhlinzwa ngoba kuncane ukuvikela ithambo, nje kuphela ngendwangu yesikhumba ehlanganisa ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa. Ukwelashwa kwesayithi lokuhlinzeka kuyinkinga enkulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, odokotela abaningi bangenza ukuhlinzeka ngokushesha (ngaphambi kokuthi kutholakale ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithambile) noma ulinde izinsuku noma amasonto ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuvuvukala.
Okunye ukukhathazeka okukhulu nanoma yikuphi ukulimala kwe-ankle ukulimala ukuthi ngenkathi ithambo livame ukuphulukisa kahle, kutholakala umonakalo wokuqothulwa komzimba ngaphakathi kokuhlanganiswa kwe-ankle.
Lokhu kulimala kwamathambo kungabangela ukuba isifo samathambo asheshe senzeke . Ngokuya ngohlobo lokuphuka, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angakwazi ukubuka ngeso lengqondo umuthi, futhi abanye odokotela abahlinzayo bangakhetha ukwenza i- arthroscopy ye-ankle ngesikhathi sokulungiswa ukuze babone kangcono uqwanga. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi amathambo ahlanganiswe ngokuphelele ukuze anciphise amathuba okuthuthukisa i-arthritis kamuva ekuphileni.
Imithombo:
UMichelson JD "Ama-Ankle Fractures aphumela ekulimaleni kokushintshanisa" J Am Acad Orthop Surg November / December 2003; 11: 403-412.