Uma wazi lutho mayelana ne- autism , uyazi ukuthi kuyisifo esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-autism spectrum."
Uma ubeke emaqenjini abantu abanentshisekelo ku-autism, uke wezwa le nkulumo isifushane "I-Spectrum." Njengasekuthi "usembukisweni," noma "kuyisimiso esihle sezingane ku-spectrum."
Bakhuluma ngani?
I-Autism Spectrum
Engxoxweni evamile, igama elithi "i-spectrum" lisho into efanayo "njengobubanzi obuningi." Njengalokhu "amaphoyinti afika enhlobonhlobo yembala." I-Spectra (ubuningi be-spectrum) ivame ukumelelwa ngombono wobuningi, ngokukodwa okweqile komunye umkhawulo we-spectrum kanye nokunye okweqile komunye umkhawulo.
Emhlabeni we-physics, igama elithi spectrum cishe libhekisela ekuhloleni okukhanya - imibala yobuningi kanye nemisebe engabonakali ehlanganisa i-ultra ebomvu, i-ultraviolet, i-X-ray, i-gamma rays, njalonjalo. Ama-frequencies amafushane kakhulu emkhawulweni owodwa we-spectrum, kuyilapho ama-frequencies omude kunakolunye uhlangothi.
Emhlabeni wezokwelapha, igama elithi "spectrum" libhekisela ekuhlukeni phakathi kwesigaba sokuhlonza.
Ukuhlukahluka ngaphakathi kwesigaba sokuhlonza akuyona into engavamile. Ngisho ngaphakathi kwesigaba esithi "ikhanda," isibonelo, okusobala okubhekisela "ebuhlungu ekhanda," kunezinhlobo eziningi zezibonakaliso. Kukhona, isibonelo, abantu abanekhanda elibuhlungu nabantu abanenkhanda ezinzima.
Ngakho kungani ungasho nje ukuthi "mnene" noma "unzima," futhi ushiye lokho?
Igama elithi "spectrum" lisetshenziswe lapho "okuncane" nelithi "okujulile" kungagqugquzeli yonke isethi yamathuba. Ngokujwayelekile, isetshenziselwa ukuvumela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi "imilingo" noma "ukulinganisela" noma "izimpawu ezingenakuqhathaniswa kodwa" hhayi.
Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukuphakamisa ukuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezimpawu ezihlukene.
Ukuze ubuyele esibonelweni sekhanda - hhayi kuphela ukuthi ikhanda liba mnene, lilingana, futhi linzima, kodwa lihlukile ekhwalini futhi kubangele. Umuntu oyedwa angase abe nokukhanda ikhanda ngesikhathi omunye enomphefumulo onzima.
Inhloko yomuntu oyedwa ingasuswa ngokuchayeka kwamakhemikhali ngenkathi enye ikhanda lomuntu libangelwa ukucindezeleka.
Izinkinga eziningi, ikakhulukazi ukukhathazeka kwengqondo nokuthuthukiswa, zihlanganisa abantu abaningi abanezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene kanye namazinga wezimpawu . Kukhona i-Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Spectrum, i-Schizophrenia Spectrum, ne-Bipolar Disorder Spectrum. Abantu abanezifo zonke banezibonakaliso ezifanayo kodwa - njengenhloko - ukuqina, ikhwalithi, kanye nesibindi kungashintsha.
I-autism spectrum, ngoba isifo esijwayelekile, isahlukaniso esikhethekile sokuba yi-THE Spectrum kubantu abaningi. I-Spectrum inkulu, ihlanganisa abantu abahlakaniphile abangaqondakali kanye nabantu abaphikisana nenkani; abantu abanobubele kanye nabantu abanobudlova; abantu abajabulela ama-roller coasters nabantu abangakwazi ukunyakaza. Njengoba ungakaze uzwe kakade (izikhathi eziningi!) - uma wazi umuntu oyedwa nge-autism, uyazi umuntu oyedwa nge-autism .
Nakuba umqondo we-autism spectrum uwusizo ngezindlela eziningi, kungase kube nokudideka kakhulu. Isibonelo, ibuza imibuzo enjengokuthi -
- Bonke abantu abakuleli qembu bangaba kanjani i-autistic?
- Ungaxoxa kanjani noma umelele iqembu labantu abahlukahlukene kangaka?
- Ingabe kungenzeka ngempela ukwenza ucwaningo "kubantu abane-autism" uma behluke kakhulu komunye nomunye?
- Kungenzeka kanjani izinhlelo, ukusekela, noma amathuba aklanyelwe "abantu abane-autism" uma bencane kakhulu ngokufanayo?
Uma nje i-autism spectrum ichazwa njengesigaba esisodwa sokuxilonga, le mibuzo ngeke ihambe. Ingabe i-Spectrum ikhulu kakhulu? Ijaji lisekhona.