Izimbangela ze-Autism zihlale zingavamile
Nakuba i-autism ivame kakhulu, ngokuvamile imbangela yayo ayiziwa. Empeleni, kuphela amacala angu-15-17% avela emthonjeni ocacile, ozwakala kahle. Ngendlela evamile, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kunezakhi zofuzo eziqinile ku-autism nokuthi kukhona "izimbangela" zemvelo ezingabangela abantu abathile ukuba bathuthukise izimpawu; kunoma yimuphi umuntu, noma kunjalo, imvelo eqondile yezinto ezifuywayo nezakhi zemvelo aziwa.
Lapho i-autism ingumthombo owaziwayo (obangelwa i-genetic anomaly noma ukuchayeka), kubizwa ngokuthi "i-autism yesibili." Lapho i-autism ingemvelaphi engaziwa, ibizwa ngokuthi "idiopathic autism."
Izimpawu eziziwa futhi ezingaziwa ze-Autism
Nakuba kunezizathu ezingaphezu kwezingu-12 ezisungulwe izimbangela ze-autism , iningi liyizifo ezingavamile kakhulu zezakhi zofuzo noma ukuvelela kokubeletha. Ngenxa yalokho, cishe u-85% we-autism "yi-idiopathic." Ngamanye amazwi, iningi lamacala:
- ingane izalwa kubazali abangewona i-autistic;
- i-autism ayiyona ingxenye eyaziwayo yomlando womndeni wengane;
- ingane yayingakafiki;
- labazali babengaphansi kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala;
- izivivinyo azitholanga ukuhlukunyezwa kwezakhi zofuzo (njenge-Fragile X syndrome) ezingabangela i-autism emntwaneni;
- umama wayengatholakali noma uthathe noma yiziphi izidakamizwa ezaziwayo ukwandisa ingozi ye-autism ngenkathi ekhulelwe (i-rubella, i- valproic acid , ne-thalidomide yaziwa ngokubangela i-autism ezinganeni ezingakazalwa)
I-Heredity, i-Genetics, ne-Autism Risk
I-Heredity idlala indima ku-autism: Ukuba nomntwana oyedwa nge-autism kwandisa amathuba okuthi ingane yakho elandelayo ingase ibe yi-autistic. Lokhu kukukhathazeka ukukhumbula ngesikhathi uhlela ikusasa lomndeni wakho.
Ngokusho kweNational Human Genome Research Institute , " Ingozi yokuthi umzalwane noma udade womuntu onomqondo we-idiopathic autism uzophinde ahlakulele i-autism cishe ngamaphesenti angu-4, kanye ne-4 kuya ku-6 emaphesenti angozi engozini yokuthola isimo esinzima esihlanganisa ulimi, ezenhlalakahle noma izimpawu zokuziphatha.
Abazalwane banengozi ephakeme (cishe amaphesenti angu-7) ekuthuthukiseni i-autism, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe engamaphesenti angu-7 e-autism izimpawu ze-autism, ikakhulukazi odade abanengozi kuphela ngamaphesenti angu-1 kuya kwangu-2. "
Ngenkathi siyazi ukuthi i-heredity idlala indima ekwenzeni i-autism, noma kunjalo, asazi kahle ukuthi kanjani nokuthi kungani. Izakhi zofuzo eziningi zibonakala zihilelekile ku-autism, futhi ucwaningo luqhubeka. Awekho ukuhlolwa kofuzo olukhona ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi umzali "uyathwala" i-autism noma ngabe ingane (noma i-fetus) kungenzeka ibe ne-autism.
Ukuguquguquka kwezakhi kungase kubangele ne-autism. Ukuguquguquka kwezakhi kungavela ngezizathu eziningi ezahlukene futhi kungenzeka noma kungahlotshaniswa nezakhi zofuzo zabazali. Ukuguquguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kwenzeka kaningi kodwa akusizi njalo izinselele zomzimba noma zentuthuko.
Ngenxa yokuthi siyazi kakhulu (kuze kube manje) mayelana nezakhi zofuzo ne-autism, kuyinto engavamile ukuthi umculi we-diagnostic angakwazi ukudweba ngqo phakathi kwe-genetic anomaly ethile ne-autism yomuntu othile.
Imibono Mayelana Nezimo Ezokuzimela Ngokwemvelo
Imikhombandlela ivame ngokuphathelene nokuthi kungenzeka "ukuqhuma" ngenani labantu abane-autism. Phela, ukwenyuka okunamandla ekuxilongweni kuhambisana nokunyuka okukhulu kwezinguquko eziningi zemvelo. Empeleni, ukuxilongwa kwe-autism kwanda cishe ngesilinganiso esifanayo:
- ukusetshenziswa komakhalekhukhwini
- i-ultrasound esetshenziselwa ukuqapha ukukhula komntwana
- ithelevishini yekhebula
- amageyimu evidiyo
- ukuqaphela ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu
- ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ephikisanayo nomuthi kanye nezidakamizwa zezilwane ezifuywayo
- inani lemigomo elinikezwe izingane ezincane
- inzalo ekudleni okuphilayo kanye ne-GMO
- ukwelashwa kuya emanzini kanye ne-gluten
- ukusabalala kwesifo seLyme
Kungenzeka ukuthi noma yikuphi noma zonke lezi zinguquko emhlabeni ziye zabangela noma zenza 85% we-autism? Kukhona abantu abakholelwa ukuthi impendulo nguyebo, futhi iningi liye lakhetha eyodwa noma ezimbili yalezi zimbangela ezingabangela ukugxila.
Kodwa-ke, iqiniso lokuthi i-autism iveza ngokwahlukile kubantu abahlukene.
Lokhu kuphakamisa izimbangela ezihlukene futhi, mhlawumbe, ezihlukahlukene ze-syndrome ngezinye (kodwa hhayi zonke) izimpawu ezivamile.
Izwi kusuka
Okuyiqiniso ukuthi, kubazali abaningi be-autism, ngeke kube khona impendulo ecacile yombuzo othi "kungani ingane yami ithuthukisa i-autism?" Nakuba lokhu kungabangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izimbangela azikhathazi ngempela uma kuziwa ekuthatheni isinyathelo ngekusasa lomntanakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-autism yengane yakho ibangelwa yini umahluko wezofuzo, ukuvezwa kokubeletha, ukuguqulwa komzimba, noma ukuzalwa, izindlela zokwelashwa ezifanayo kanye nokwelapha cishe kuyasiza. Esikhundleni sokuchitha isikhathi esiningi nemali efuna izizathu, esimweni esiningi umzila ongcono ukuchitha leso sikhathi, imali, namandla ekusizeni ingane yakho ukuba ikwazi ukufinyelela okusemandleni akhe.
Imithombo
> Liu X et al. I-Mol Neurobiol. Idiopathic Autism: Ama-Phenotypes Amangqamuzana Nama-Molecular ku-Pluripotent Cell Stem-I-Neurons Ebonakalayo.2017 Aug; 54 (6): 4507-4523. I-doi: 10.1007 / s12035-016-9961-8. Epub 2016 Jun 29.
> Uhlelo lweNational Human Genome Research Project. Ukufunda nge-autism. Iwebhu. NgoJanuwari 18, 2017.
> Oregon Health & Science University. (2017, Agasti 31). I-genetic ingozi yengozi yokuthuthukisa ukonakala kwe-autism spectrum disorder. IsayensiIsiSayensi . Ibuyiselwe uMashi 30, 2018.