I-retinopathy ye-hypertensive iyinkimbinkimbi yokuba ne-hypertension engapheli, noma i-high blood pressure futhi ithinte imithwalo yegazi ku-retina. I-retina yizicubu ezicacile, ezibonakalayo ezithinta ngemuva kwe-eyeball. I-retina iqukethe futhi iguqula ukukhanya zibe nemisipha yezinzwa ezihamba nge-nertic optic kuya ebuchosheni lapho sichaza khona imiqondo njengombono.
Lapho umfutho wegazi wethu uhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, imithwalo yegazi emzimbeni wethu ikakhulukazi esweni ingase ibe nzima noma ifinyelele. Lapho izitsha zibe mncane kakhulu kulokhu kuqina, i-retina ayitholi ukugeleza kwegazi okwanele futhi iba nesifo ngenxa yokuthi ayitholi oksijini okwanele nokudla.
Izimpawu ze-retinopathy yegazi eziphakeme ngezinye izikhathi ziba mnene kakhulu kepha okunye okuhlangenwe nakho:
- Umbono wehlisa noma umbono obonakalayo
- Imithwalo yegazi ephuzayo ngaphandle kwehlo ( ukubola kwegazi )
- Umbono kabili
I-optometrists kanye ne-ophthalmologist ingathola ukuthi i-retinopathy ye-hypertensive iyayiqeda yini ukuhlolwa kwe-eye. Umbono kanye nempilo ye-eye izohlolwa ngamehlo azophinde ahlungwe. Amaconsi akhethekile afakwe esweni adala umfundi ukuba abe mkhulu ukuze izakhiwo zangaphakathi zeso. Odokotela bamehlo bangasebenzisa i-biomicroscope nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-ophthalmoscope ukubuka izakhiwo zangaphakathi.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa okungeziwe okufana ne- optical coherence tomography (OCT) noma i-fluorescein angiography kungadingeka ukuze ubone imininingwane eminingi. Lezi zivivinyo zizovumela odokotela ukuthi bathole ukuvuvukala kwi-retina futhi kungenzeka ukuvuza kwemithambo yegazi. Izinguquko ezingase zibonise i-retinopathy ene-hypertensive yizi:
- Ukwehliswa kwemithambo: Imishanguzo ye-retinal iba mncane kakhulu.
- Ukuwela noma ukuxoshwa ngokuqondile: I-arteries ingase iwele emithanjeni ngokungavamile futhi ibeke ingcindezi engadingekile kubo.
- I-wiring ye-Copper: Udonga lwesitsha segazi lushintsha futhi lukhuni futhi lubangela ukuthi umkhumbi ubheke njengetambo yethusi
Imiphumela embi kakhulu ye-retinopathy ye-hypertensive yilezi:
- Ingqikithi yokutholakala kwe-vascular: Ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa yokuxoshwa kwangaphambili kwe-retinal we-retinal vein occlusion kungenzeka. Umkhumbi uvele ungasebenzi futhi ungaqhuma.
- Izifo ezinomlilo ezinjengamalahle: Lezi yizinsiza ezinomphefumulo we-feathery noma ama-flame ebusweni be-retina
- Amabala e-Cotton-wool: Lezi zimhlophe, izindawo ezingenasici ze-retina ezingenawo umoya-mpilo.
- I-exudates enzima ephuzi: Leli fluid eliphuzi liyi-lipid intayretinal deposition kusuka ekuphumeni kwemikhumbi ye-retinal.
- Ukuvuvukala kwe-disc: I-disc yokuvuvukala kwe-optic ekutheni i-retinopathy ene-hypertensive ivame ukubhekwa njengengozi ephezulu yegazi futhi ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha.
Ezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha ezingase zenzeke egazini lomshuwalense zifaka:
- i-anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
- ukufakwa kwegatsha eliphakathi kwe-retinal
- umshini we-Retinal umthamo wokuba khona
- i-cranial nerve palsies
- ukuwohloka kwe-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
- glaucoma yegazi
- ama-macroaneurysms
- isicicchemical syndrome
Ukwelashwa kwe-retinopathy ye-hypertensive kuqala ngokulawula isifo somfutho wegazi ophezulu. Uma ukulahlekelwa kombono kuqala, i-retina iphathwa ngokujova ama-steroids esweni. I-antitivascular endothelial growth factor factor is injected futhi. Isibonelo semithi ye-antivascular ihlanganisa i-ranibizumab, i-pegaptanib, ne-bevacizumab. Ukuvuvukala kwe-Retinal nakho kwesinye isikhathi kuphathwa nge-laser.
Umonakalo omkhulu ungenzeka kwezinye izitho emzimbeni kanye. I-retinopathy ye-hypertensive ingavinjelwa noma isinciphise ngokuthatha imithi yengcindezi yegazi njalo, ukuthola umzimba njalo, ukunciphisa usawoti nokugwema ukubhema.