Umbono wokujula ukukwazi ukubona umhlaba ngobukhulu obukhulu (3D) nokugweba ibanga lezinto. Ukucabangela ukujula kufinyelelwa lapho ubuchopho buhlela izithombe ezihlukahlukene kusuka kweso ngalinye futhi lubahlanganisa ukuze bakhe isithombe esingama-3-D esisodwa. Ukucabangela ukujula kwenza amehlo akwazi ukucacisa amabanga phakathi kwezinto nokutshela ukuthi kukhona okuseduze nathi noma kude.
Ukuze ube nombono ojulile, kufanele ube nombono we-binocular, owaziwa nangokuthi i-stereopsis. Uma umuntu engenakho i-stereopsis, baphoqeleka ukuba bathembele kwezinye izici ezibukwayo zokulinganisa ukujula, nokuqonda kwabo okujulile kuyoba okunamandla kangako. Nakuba sisebenzisa ezinye izici emvelweni wethu ukuze sibe nokuqonda okujulile, okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi sibe nombono we-binocular. Ukuba namahlo amabili, kusenza sibe nombono we-binocular. Eqinisweni, ngaphezu kwamehlo akho ahlukile, ukuqonda okungcono okuzoba nakho. Izinambuzane, izilwane nezinhlanzi ezinamehlo abo ezikude kakhulu, zinezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokubona okujulile.
Yiziphi Izinkulumo Ezibonakalayo Ezisiza Ukuqonda Okujulile?
Ama-monocular cues asivumela ukuba sibe nomqondo wokujula ngokujulile lapho i-binocular stereopsis yeqiniso ingenakwenzeka.
- I-motion parallax - I-Motion parallax iyenzeka uma sisusa ikhanda lethu emuva naphambili. Izinto ezihamba amabanga ahlukene zizohamba ngesivinini esivela kancane. Eklasini yefilosofi, sifunda ukuthi izinto eziseduze zihamba ngendlela ehlukile yekhanda lethu lokunyakaza kanye nezinto ezikude zihamba ngezinhloko zethu. Ubuchopho bethu bubona lokhu futhi kusinikeza izinkomba ngokuqonda okujulile.
- Ukumiswa - Uma izinto zithintana, zisinikeza amakhodi e-monocular lapho umuntu esondela noma ekude.
- Umbono wezinto ezibonakalayo - Umbala nombala wokuqhathanisa usitshela ukuthi sinikeza izinkomba ukuthi kude kangakanani into engase ibe khona. Isibonelo, lapho ukukhanya kuhamba kude, kuhlakazekile. Ukukhanya okwehlukanisiwe kuhlunga imibono yezinto esizibonayo futhi ubuchopho bethu buhumusha lokhu njengokude.
Abadokotela bahlola kanjani ukujula kokujula?
Okokuqala, ukuhlolwa okuyihlo okuyiyona isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlola ngokugcwele ukuqonda kwakho okujulile. I-optometrists noma i-ophthalmologist izoqala ukuqedelela umbono wakho ngokulinganisa ubuciko bakho obubukwayo noma ikhwalithi yombono wakho. Uma iso elilodwa licacile futhi iso elilodwa alikho, ukuqonda kwakho okujulile kuzokhawulelwa. Uma i-optometrist ihlola imisipha yakho yeso, uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwekhava. Isivivinyo sekhava silinganisa ukuthi amehlo akho asebenza kanjani kahle futhi azohlola ukuthi kukhona ukushaywa kwe-strabismus. I-Strabismus, njenge- esotropiya noma i-exotropia, yinkinga yemisipha yeso lapho amehlo angasebenzi kahle ndawonye, noma lapho iso livuliwe, liphuma, liphezulu noma liphansi. Uma amehlo engekho ukulungiswa okuphelele komunye nomunye, umbono ophindwe kabili kwenzeka, noma ngaphezulu, ukucindezelwa. Ukuze ungaboni umbono ophindwe kabili uma amehlo akho engagqanyuliwe, ubuchopho bakho buzocindezela isithombe ngaphandle kwamehlo. Ngenxa yalokho, ngempela usebenzisa iso elilodwa kuphela. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ngeke ube nokubona okuhle okujulile. Amazinga amahle wokuqonda okujulile anqunywa ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa, njengama-stereograms angenawo ama-stereograms noma ama-stereotests omjikelezo. Ezinye zalezi zivivinyo zenzelwe izingane ezincane abalingiswa be-cartoon ukuze udokotela angasho kalula ukuthi ingane isebenzisa umbono webinocular.
Ukuntuleka Kokubuka Okujulile Kungathinta Kanjani Ukuphila Kwakho?
Ukuntula ukuqonda okujulile kungathinta ezinye izindawo ezibalulekile ezibaluleke kakhulu empilweni. Ukuntula ukuqonda okujulile kungabangelwa izimo ezifana ne-amblyopia, i-optic nerve hypoplasia, ne-strabismus. Abantu abanolwazi olulodwa abanalo ukuqonda okujulile, njengokubona okujulile kudinga amehlo amabili asebenzayo. Ukungakwazi ukuqonda okujulile kungathinta impilo yakho ngezindlela ezimbalwa kufaka okulandelayo:
- Kungathinta ikhono lomntwana lokufunda.
- Kungabangela izinkinga zokushayela nokuhamba ngendlela efanele.
- Kungavimbela umgijimi ukuthi angafinyeleli amandla akhe okugcwele.
- Kungamvimbela umuntu ukuthola umsebenzi othile noma umsebenzi othile odinga ukuqonda okujulile kokuqonda.