Uma owesifazane eqala ukuthola izimpawu zokungena esikhathini sokuvutha njengokushisa okushisayo, isikhathi esingajwayelekile noma isimo sengqondo sishintsha, cishe uzozibuza ukuthi kufanele yini athathe uhlobo oluthile lwe-hormone therapy (MHT). Ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa "i-hormone therapy esikhundleni," noma i-HRT, ngokuvamile ibhekisela enhlanganisweni yamahomoni wesifazane isrogen kanye / noma i-progesterone.
Ucwaningo luqala ukukhombisa ukuthi yiziphi izingozi nezinzuzo ze-hormone therapy zokwelapha, kodwa kusadingeka ukuthi ufunde kabanzi ngemiphumela ye-estrogen ne-progesterone emizimbeni yethu kanye nempilo yethu. Nakuba kuyinkinga ephumelelayo kakhulu yezimpawu eziningi zokuya esikhathini, ukwelashwa kwe-hormone kungandisa amathuba okunye, futhi isinqumo sokuyisebenzisa isenzo sokulinganisela sokunquma ukuthi ngabe le pros ingaphezu kwesidakamizwa.
Ucwaningo lwe-Women's Health Initiative (WHI) luyisifundo esikhulu kunazo zonke esenziwa abesifazane besilisa futhi sigxile ezinhliziyweni zenhliziyo, emathambo, nasezincelweni zamabele. Enye yezindlela zokuzivikela ezifundwayo kwakuwumphumela we-hormone therapy kulezi zimo.
Ekucaleni kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-hormone kungavimbela isifo senhliziyo nokushaya isisu kuma-postmenopausal abesifazane. Lapho kuboniswa ukuthi u-estrogen akagcini nje kuphela ukuvikela abesifazane besifo senhliziyo nokushaywa yisisu kepha abesifazane besifo se-hormone empeleni babe nokwanda kulezi zimo, ukuvivinywa kwamiswa ekuseni.
Abacwaningi basacubungula ulwazi ukuze banqume ukuthi yiziphi abesifazane abasengozini enkulu futhi empeleni bazuze ekutheni ukwelashwa kwe-hormone.
Izincomo zamanje zokwelapha i-hormone therapy zibonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-hormone kusetshenziselwa ukuphatha izimpawu ze-menopausal, kufanele kusetshenziswe kumanani amancane kakhulu asebenzayo, ngoba isikhathi esifushane siyadingeka.
Izinzuzo
Kunezinzuzo ezithile eziqinisekisiwe okungenani inkambo emfushane ye-estrogen kanye / noma i-progesterone. Phakathi kwezizathu ongase ucabange ukusebenzisa i-hormone therapy kukhona:
- I-hormone therapy iyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu yokushisa okushisayo nokumelela kwesisu
- I-MHT ivame ukuphumelela ekuphatheni izimpawu ezihlobene nomzwelo kufaka phakathi ukushintsha kwemizwelo nokucindezeleka
- I-MHT ingathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokulala yabesifazane abahlukunyezwa ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini
- I-MHT isinciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwethambo, ukuvimbela noma ukubambezeleka kwe-osteoporosis. Eminye imithi, njenge-bisphosphonates noma i-raloxifene, ngokuvamile iyisinqumo sokuqala sokuvimbela ukulahleka kwethambo, kepha uma usebenzisa i-hormone therapy ngezizathu ezengeziwe inzuzo eyengeziwe iyoba nokuvikeleka okuthile ekufoqeni kwe-osteoporosis.
Kulabo besifazane abanezimpawu eziphazamisa kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, i-MHT ingathuthukisa ikhwalithi yabo yokuphila, ibasize sishintshe izinguquko futhi isebenze impilo yabo kanye nokulingana ngokomzwelo.
Izingozi
Njengoba i-WHI kanye nolunye ucwaningo luye lwabonisa, kunezingozi ezinkulu okufanele zicabangele nge-MHT. Izingozi ziphakeme kwabanye besifazane, kuye ngomlando wabo wezempilo nomlando wempilo yomndeni wabo. Izingozi ezaziwa kakhulu yizo:
- Ama-clots egazi
- Izenzakalo ze-cardiovascular, kuhlanganise nokushaya kwesifo nesifo senhliziyo
- Izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza webele
- Isifo se-Gallbladder
Njengoba ingozi yakho incike ekuhlanganiseni kwakho siqu kwezinto eziyingozi, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu ngokucophelela nomhlinzeki wakho wezokwelapha.
Uma i-MHT ayinayo inketho
Kwabesifazane abathile, izingozi zokusebenzisa i-hormone therapy ziphakeme kakhulu. I-MHT ngeke isetshenziswe kwabesifazane aba:
- Bakhulelwe noma bacabanga ukuthi bangakhulelwa
- Ukuphuma ngegazi elingavamile noma elingachazi
- Yiba (noma ube nayo) umdlavuza webele noma umdlavuza wesibeletho
- Unomlando wokushaya kwenhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi
- Unomlando wokuthola ama-blood clots
- Unesifo sesibindi
Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo
Ngaphandle kwezingozi, ukwelashwa kwe-hormone kungabangela neminye imiphumela emibi.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela enhle yini yokwelashwa kwakho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ungathola noma yikuphi kokulandelayo uma uthatha i-estrogen kanye / noma i-progesterone:
- Ubumnene besisu noma ukuvuvukala
- Ukusuka okungavamile
- Ukuvimbela
- Izinsizwa
- I-Queasiness
- Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo
- Intukuthelo yasendaweni noma ukusabela okwenziwe okwehliswayo endleleni yokulethwa (ring yangasese, isikhumba sesikhumba, ukhilimu)
Kuye ngokuthi iziphazamiso zakho zokuvimbela ukuphuma komzimba ziphazamisa kangakanani, imiphumela emibi ye-hormone ingakuvimbela kusuka ku-MHT.
Imibuzo Yokubuza
Kwabesifazane abaningi, isinqumo sokuthi kufanele uthathe ama-hormone ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini nangemva kokuya esikhathini esiyinhloko. Kungenzeka ungakaze ube nanoma imuphi imithi empilweni yakho noma ungase uphikisane nefilosofi ukuze uphathe ushintsho oluvamile ngemithi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukukhathazeka kwakho, uma izimpawu zokuya esikhathini ziqala ukukuthinta, futhi ucabanga ukuthi ungase uzame ukuzama ukwelashwa kwe-hormone, nansi eminye imibuzo ozibuze yona:
- Zibi kangakanani izimpawu zakho? Izimpawu zishintsha kakhulu kusuka komunye wesifazane kuya kwesinye, kusukela ekungabikho okungaxhunywanga neze. Cabanga ukuthi iziphazamiso zakho ziphazamisa kanjani esikhaleni esisodwa kuya kwezingu-10, lapho umuntu "engangikhathazi nhlobo" futhi u-10 uthi, "Angicabangi ukuthi ngingakwazi ukuma ngalomunye umzuzu." Bhala uhlu olulodwa ngalunye bese ulubala eyodwa kuya ku-10 Thatha lezi zilinganiso nawe uma ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
- Ziyini izingozi zakho zempilo? Unayo izimo zezokwelapha? Uthatha imithi manje? Uke waba nezifo ezinzulu ezifana nomdlavuza? Kanjani i-cholesterol yakho? Isisindo sakho? Bhala phansi zonke izingozi zempilo owaziyo ukuthi ukhona futhi uzilungiselele ukukhuluma ngazo lapho uxoxa nge-hormone therapy nomhlinzeki wakho wezokwelapha.
- Uyini umlando wakho womndeni? Zikhona yini izimo zezempilo ezibonakala zigijima emndenini wakho? Isifo senhliziyo? I-Cancer? I-cholesterol ephakeme? Ukuphazamiseka kokuvala? Isifo sikashukela? Ukuphuza I-osteoporosis? Ukucindezeleka? Qiniseka ukuthi uthola okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka mayelana nemlando yezempilo yabazali bakho kanye nabantakwethu.
- Yiluphi uhlobo lokubhekana nokuya esikhathini umama wakho analo? Ungase ungayazi impendulo yalolu, kodwa isipiliyoni sikamama wakho sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini singakunika ezinye izinkomba mayelana nokuthi yini ongayilindela wena.
- Uzizwa kanjani ngokuthatha imithi namahomoni ngokukhethekile? Cabanga ukuthi uzizwa kanjani ngempela ngokuthatha imithi yansuku zonke. Abanye besifazane abawunikeli umcabango wesibili kanti abanye bakuthola kube ukwephulwa kwamanani abo noma ukuwasebenzisa ekuziphatheni kwabo. Uma kunzima ukukhumbula ukuthatha iphilisi nsuku zonke, ingabe uzoba ne-patch noma izindandatho zangasese ukuze uphathe izimpawu zakho?
Ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kokunethezeka kwezempilo kanye nokwenyama okusemqoka kuyisabelo esibalulekile sempilo yasemaphakathi kanye nokunquma ukuthi ukuthatha ama-hormone ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini akusona isayensi eqondile. Ngisho kanye uma unquma, ungalungisa isinqumo sakho njengoba izimpawu zakho zishintsha. Akuyona inkinga enkulu yesikhathi esisodwa njengoba kuyinkhulumomphendvulwano eqhubekayo phakathi kwakho nodokotela wakho. Ukufunda ukuthi yini ongayenza mayelana nokwelapha kwe-hormone bese uzibuza ukuthi imibuzo ephakathi ikulungiselela leyo nkhulumomphendvulwano.
> Imithombo:
> I-Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement, Isikhathi sokunqamuka kwesikhashana kanye nokwelashwa kwe-hormone (HT): ukwakheka kwesinqumo nokusebenzisana. I-National Guideline Clearinghouse, ngo-Okthoba 2006.
> UMnyango wezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu, amaNational Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, neGazi Institute, "Amaqiniso Ngokwemithi Ye- Hormone Therapy," I- NIH Publication No. 05-5200.