Njengoba kuningi okukhunjulwa kokudla esikubona emphakathini wanamuhla, iningi lethu lijwayele izigebengu ezivamile E. coli kanye ne- salmonella . Kodwa-ke, ukungcola nge-bacterium listeria monocytogenes nakho kungenzeka, ngakho-ke udinga ukwazi ngakho.
Ukwelashwa kukaListeria (i-listeriosis) kwenzeka lapho umuntu edla ukudla okungcolile ne- listeria monocytogenes bacteria.
Kuvame ukutholakala ezinkuni ezicutshungulwa njengezinja ezishisayo kanye nezinkuni ezidliwayo (zombili ezilungiselelwe ngaphambili nasemkhakheni we-deli deli), ushizi olunomsoco kanye nezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezibhemayo. Ubisi nemikhiqizo ebomvu noma engavumelekile kanye nemikhiqizo eyenziwe nayo ngokuvamile iqukethe i-listeria. Abantu abaningi abanempilo abadla lokhu kudla ngeke bathole i-listeriosis ngisho noma umkhiqizo ungcolile.
Ubani engozini
Abantu abaningi abanempilo abadla ukudla okonakele ne- listeria monocytogenes ngeke bagule. Abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezincane kodwa iningi lethu ngeke likwazi. Kodwa-ke, kunamaqembu athile abantu abangathinteka kakhulu yizibhaktheriya.
Labo abasengozini enkulu bahlanganisa:
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe: Abesifazane abakhulelwe banamathuba angaphezu kuka-13 okuthola i-listeriosis kunomphakathi jikelele. Cishe eyodwa kweziyisithupha amacala aqinisekisiwe okuthiwa i-listeriosis ngowesifazane okhulelwe. I-Listeriosis ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Izinsana: Izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa zenza isivumelwano se-listeriosis uma omama bedla ukudla okungcolile. Izifo zingabangela izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila.
- Labo Abanezinhlelo Zokuzivikela Ezisindayo: Abantu abaye banciphisa amasosha omzimba, umdlavuza, isifo sikashukela, udoti, isibindi noma isifo sezinso noma i-AIDS basengozini enkulu yokubhekana nezinkinga ezivela e-listeria. Abantu abane-AIDS banamathuba angaphezu kuka-300 okuthinteka yi-listeria ukutheleleka kunabantu abaningi.
- Abadala abadala
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-listeriosis ngokuvamile ziqala izimpawu zamathumbu ezifana nesifo sohudo nesisu esiswini. Nokho, uma kutholakala ukuthi, lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zilandelwe yi:
- Fever
- I-Muscle Aches
- Izinwele
- Intamo yentamo
- Ukudideka
- Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi
- Ukudumala (ukuthatha)
Abesifazane abakhulelwe baphakathi kwamaqembu aphezulu kakhulu engozini ye-listeriosis kanye nezimpawu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zihlukile kunezinye. Abesifazane abakhulelwe abahlakulela i-listeriosis bangase babone izimpawu ezifana nemifudlana kodwa ukutheleleka kungaholela ku:
- Ukushada
- Ukubeletha
- Ukulethwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi
- Izifo ezisongela impilo enganeni
Izinketho zokwelapha
Ukwelashwa kukaListeria kuthathwa ngama-antibiotics. Noma ubani osemngciphekweni we-listeriosis ohlangabezana nezibonakaliso ezinjenge-flus ezinyangeni ezimbili zokudla ukudla okungcolile (ngesikhathi kuqhuma izibhamu) kufanele afune usizo lwezokwelapha.
I-Listeriosis ingaholela ekufeni, ngisho nalapho ephathwa. Cishe konke ukufa okuhlobene ne-listeria kwenzeka kulabo abasengozini enkulu.
Ukuvimbela
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-listeria ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha zokudla ezifanele.
Geza izandla zakho: Ukugeza izandla zakho ngenkathi ulungiselela ukudla futhi ngaphambi kokuba udle kubalulekile ukuvimbela noma yiluphi uhlobo lokugula kokudla.
Qinisekisa ukuthi ukudla kwakho kupheliswe ngokugcwele futhi kuphekwe ngokugcwele: Imifino engcolile kanye nemifino engcolile yizo eziyinhloko zokusakaza i-listeria. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ugeza zonke izithelo nemifino yakho (ikakhulukazi leyo engeke iphekwe) futhi ukupheka zonke inyama kuya ekushiseni okufanele kubalulekile. Ngisho noma umkhiqizo uzohlungwa, kufanele ugeze kuqala. Gcina ukudla okubandayo nokuphekiwe okuhlukanisiwe futhi ungafaki ukudla okuphekiwe ekunqumeni amabhodi noma izitsha eziye zaphatha inyama eluhlaza.
Ukudla kumele kuphekwe kuze kufike izinga lokushisa kwangaphakathi:
- Izinkukhu: ama-165 degrees F
- Inkomo: 145 degrees F
- Ingulube: 145 degrees F
Izidakamizwa kufanele ziphekwe kuze kube yilapho zibomvu yonke indlela futhi izinga lokushisa kwangaphakathi okungenani liyi-160 degrees F (inkabi, ingulube, i-veal, newundlu) noma i-165 degrees F (turkey nenkukhu).
Ukugcina Ukugcina Ukushisa Okufanele: Ukugcina ukudla emazingeni okushisa okubalulekile kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukukhula kwe- listeria monocytogenes . Amafriji kufanele agcinwe ngaphansi kwama-degrees ama-40 F kanye namafriji angaphansi kwama-degrees angu-0. Nokho, i-listeria ingakhula ekudleni okuthile ngisho naseqandisini.
Ukuqapha okukhethekile kwalabo abasengozini enkulu: Ngoba i-listeriosis ingaba yingozi kakhulu emaqenjini aphezulu njengabesifazane abakhulelwe, kungcono ukugwema ukudla okuthile ngokuphelele.
I-CDC incoma ukuthi labo abasemaqenjini abengozi kakhulu bangadli izinja ezishisayo, ukudla okunomsoco, ukusika okubandayo noma amasoso ngaphandle uma befuthelwa okungenani ama-degrees F angama-160 ngaphambi kokuba bakhonze. Ungadli izinyosi ezithambile ezifana ne-feta, i-brie, noma i-queso blanco ngaphandle kokuthi ilebula icacise ukuthi yenziwe ngobisi olungasetshenzisiwe. Ungadli izilwane zasolwandle ezibhemayo ezifudumele ezifana ne-lox noma i-saumon ebhemayo ngaphandle kokuba ifakwe kwisidlo esiphekiwe noma inikezwa kuphakheji elizinzile eshalofini kunokuba isigaba esiqandisini noma sesiphumu. Ungadli inyama efihliwe yesikhumba noma i-paté (ithengiswe esigabeni esiqandisini noma esinqunyiwe) esingekho ishalafu esinqabile.
Imithombo:
"Incazelo" Listeriosis (ukutheleleka kukaListeria) 07 Okthoba 11. Amasevisi e-US for Disease Control and Prevention.
"Abantu abasengozini" Listeriosis (ukutheleleka kukaListeria) 31 Jan 12. Amasevisi e-US for Disease Control and Prevention.
"Ukupheka Okuncane Okuphephile" Ukugcina Ukudla Kuphephile. UkudlaSafety.gov. UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu.
"Ukuvimbela" I-Listeriosis (ukutheleleka kukaListeria) 17 Okthoba 11. Amasevisi ase-United States for Control and Prevention.
"Ukwelashwa Nemiphumela" I-Listeriosis (ukutheleleka kukaListeria) 27 Sep 11. Amasevisi aseMelika Wokulawulwa Nokuvimbela Izifo.