I-Salmonella uhlobo lwama-bacteria angabangela ukugula kwesifo sohudo okuthiwa i-salmonellosis. Ukugula kwe-Salmonella kubangelwa ukudla okungcolile ngesilwane noma imfucuza yomuntu, noma ukuxhumana nezilwane ezithwala amabhaktheriya. Isifo ngokuvamile siqhuba inkambo yayo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngokunakekelwa okusekelayo kuphela okudingekayo. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka kwamanzi noma ukungafaki ukutheleleka kwe-salmonella kungabonakala, ikakhulukazi emaqenjini asezingeni eliphakeme kanye nabantu abanamasosha omzimba obuthakathaka.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-salmonellosis zifana ne- virus yesisu . Zihlanganisa:
- Uhudo
- Fever
- Izimpande zesisu
- Ukuvota (ngezinye izikhathi)
Uma usulelekile nge-salmonella, lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela phakathi kwamahora angu-12 no-72 ngemva kokudonswa kwamagciwane. Izimpawu ngokuvamile zihlala izinsuku ezine kuya kweziyisikhombisa futhi zixazulula zodwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa.
Ngezinye izikhathi-ikakhulukazi ezinsaneni, asebekhulile, noma labo abanezinhlelo zokuvikela amagciwane-ukugula okubi kakhulu kungabangela ukutheleleka kwe-salmonella. I-diarrhea ingase ibe nzima kakhulu kangangokuthi umuntu udinga ukufakwa ezibhedlela ngenxa yokungcola amanzi. Ukutheleleka kwe-salmonella okumangalisa kungabonakala egazini futhi kungasakazeka ebuchosheni, emathanjeni noma emalungeni.
Ngokuvamile, abantu abaye babe ne-salmonellosis bangahlakulela isifo samathambo esibucayi (i-Reiter's syndrome). Izimpawu ze-Reiter's syndrome zifaka ubuhlungu emajoyini, ukuchama okubuhlungu, nokucasuka kwamehlo.
Izimbangela
Ukugula kwe-Salmonella kubangelwa amagciwane ama-bacterium e- Salmonella asekhona emlonyeni wesilwane kanye nendwangu yabantu abane-salmonellosis. Iningi labantu lihlobanisa ukutheleleka kokudla kwe-salmonella ngezinkukhu eziluhlaza noma ezingcolile noma inyama, kodwa amabhaktheriya angaba khona nezithelo nemifino engapheki, elungiselelwe noma ehlanjwe kahle.
Abaphathi bokudla nabapheki bekhaya bangasakaza i-salmonella ekudleni uma bengakuhlanza kahle izandla ngemuva kokusebenzisa indlu yokugezela. Umuntu ogule nge-salmonellosis angasakaza kwabanye kuze kube amahora angu-48 adlule ngaphandle kwempawu.
Ukuqubuka okukhulu kokudla kwesifo se-salmonella kubangelwa ukudla okungcolile okukhunjulwayo, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele uthenge futhi uyidlile. Imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ingangcoliswa: Ukukhumbula okudlule kufaka ibhotela le-nut, ama-pistachios, amahlumela, ukhukhunathi, ama-shakes, ama-ukhukhamba, inkukhu, amaqanda egobolondo, kanye nengulube.
I-Salmonella ingatholakala emanzini amaningi izilwane, kuhlanganise nezilwane zasemapulazini nezilwane ezifuywayo. Izilwane ezinwabuzelayo, ama-amphibians, nezinyoni yizilwane ezifuywayo ezikwazi ukuphatha i-salmonella.
Abantu abasengozini enkulu ye-salmonellosis nezinkinga ezinkulu ezibandakanya izingane, izingane ezineminyaka engama-5 nangaphansi, abantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65, nabantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.
Ukuxilongwa
Abantu abaningi abamboni udokotela wabo nge-salmonellosis engaqondakali. Uma usola ukuthi une-salmonella isifo emva kokuba udle ukudla okungenzeka kuphazamiseke, kubalulekile ukubona umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo . Izivivinyo ezihlanganisa isiko se-stool zinganquma uma i-salmonella iyimbangela yezibonakaliso zakho.
Udokotela wakho uzobika ukuthi ukutheleleka emnyangweni wezempilo wangakini kanye neCDC ngakho ukuqubuka kungabonakala.
Abantu abasemaqenjini aphezulu noma abanezimpawu zokuphelelwa yisisu noma ukugula okukhulu kufanele babone udokotela. Ezimweni lapho usola ukuthi unesifo segazi, udokotela wakho angathatha i-specimen yegazi ukuze kuhlolwe ukwelashwa kwamasiko namasiko.
Ukwelapha
Ngokuvamile, akukho ukwelashwa okudingekayo ku-salmonella ngaphandle kokuhlala u-hydrated. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi noma isisombululo se-electrolyte (njengePedialyte yezingane nezinsana noma i-Gatorade yabantu abadala) kubalulekile uma unesifo sohudo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi awupheli amandla.
Ama-juice nezithelo ze-sodas kufanele agwenywe ngoba angenza isifo sohudo sibi nakakhulu. Ama-antibiotics awadingekile ngaphandle uma amabhaktheriya engena egazini legazi.
Ukuvimbela
Ngenxa yokuthi i-salmonella isendaweni futhi kungenzeka ukuthi emzimbeni wethu njengabathwali, kubalulekile ukulandela izinyathelo eziyisisekelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka ngama-bacteria. Ezinye izinto ongayenza zihlanganisa:
- Ungadli amaqanda aluhlaza noma aphekiwe, inyama noma izinkukhu. Amaqanda amaqanda kufanele aphekwe kuze kube yilapho iminyama kanye nenyama (ikakhulukazi inyama yezilwane) kanye nezinkukhu akufanele kube yi-pink phakathi.
- Ungadli ubisi oluhlaza noma olungapheli noma imikhiqizo yobisi.
- Hlanza yonke imikhiqizo.
- Gcina inyama engadliwe ehlukaniswe nomkhiqizo kanye nokunye ukudla ukuze ukungcola okuphambene kwenzeke.
- Hlanza wonke amabhodi okusika kanye nezinto zokulungiselela ukudla ngemuva kokulungisa ukudla okungasetshenzisiwe.
- Geza izandla zakho ngaphambi kokuphatha ukudla futhi phakathi kokuphatha izinto ezahlukene zokudla.
- Geza njalo izandla zakho ngemuva kokusebenzisa indlu yokugezela noma izilwane eziphathekayo, ikakhulukazi izilwane ezinwabuzelayo.
- Ungalokothi ugcine izilwane ezinwabuzelayo (kufaka phakathi ama-turtles), ama-amphibians, noma izinkukhu njengezilwane ezifuywayo endlini efanayo nezinsana, izingane ezincane, abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65, noma labo abanamasosha omzimba ahlaselekile.
- Geza izandla zakho ngokushesha emva kokuthinta noma ukubamba izinkukhu, amadada, noma ezinye izinyoni, futhi ungavumeli izingane ziphathe nazo.
Izwi elivela
Izindaba ze-salmonella ukuqubuka kungase kusabe, futhi kuhle ukuthatha izixwayiso mayelana nomkhiqizo ukhumbula ngokujulile futhi ulahle izinto ezikhunjulwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kungukuthi ukugula okungavinjelwa ukuwa izandla ngaphambi kokudla noma ukulungiselela ukudla. Njengembethe izibhande noma izigqoko zebhayisikili, lo mkhuba olula ungahamba ngendlela ende ukuvikela wena nomndeni wakho.
> Imithombo:
> Salmonella. I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/
> I-Salmonella Infection. I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/salmonella.html.
Ukuphenywa Kwe-Salmonella Outbreak. I-CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/outbreaks.html.
> Salmonella Imibuzo nezimpendulo. I-USDA Inkonzo Yokuphepha Yokudla Nokuhlolwa. https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/foodfood-illness-and-disease/salmonella-questions- nezimpendulo.