Njengoba izinyanga zasentwasahlobo nehlobo zifika, iningi lethu lingaphandle lijabulela isimo sezulu. Ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sasehlobo, abantu bayashesha ukuthatha isikrini selanga ukuze bavikele isikhumba sabo. Kodwa-ke, akubona sonke esilungile ekuvikeleni amehlo ethu.
Izibuko zekhwalithi eziphezulu ezivikelwe nge-ultraviolet ziphezulu kakhulu kithi sonke. Sonke singakwazi ukulimala kwe-UV .
Kodwa bewazi ukuthi abantu abathile basengozini enkulu kakhulu yokulimala kwelanga kunabanye?
Abantu Abanobuhle Bamabala Ekhanyayo
Amehlo anemibala ekhanyayo avame ukuzwela kalula. Bafaka umuntu engozini ephakeme yesifo se-eye esibangelwa ukungabi ne-pigment eyengeziwe evikela i-retina.
Nakuba kungavamile, i-melanoma ye-iris ne-retina ivame kakhulu kubantu abanamabala akhanyayo. Futhi, ukuba nombala okhanyayo kukubeka engozini ephakeme yokuthuthukisa ukubola kwesimo se-macular .
Abantu Abathwebula Izidakamizwa ze-Photosensitizing
Izidakamizwa ze-photosensitizing zinqunyelwe izinkomba ezithile zezokwelapha, kodwa omunye wemiphumela emibi ukuthi zingenza umuntu azwele. Lokhu kungabangela ukuba i-retina ibe yingozi kakhulu kwelanga.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abantu abangamaphesenti angu-50 kuphela abasebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-photosensitizing bayaqonda ukuthi bangabangela ukushisa izithombe. Uyazi ukuthi ngisho nezidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwemithi ezifana ne-ibuprofen (Advil) ne-naproxen sodium (Aleve) ingenza abanye abantu bazwele ukukhanya?
Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma uzobe uthatha lezi zidakamizwa isikhathi eside futhi ubuze ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele uziphathe. Izidakamizwa ezaziwa njenge-photosensitizing zihlanganisa:
- Ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kanye namaphilisi e-estrogen
- I-Phenothiazine (imishanguzo yokulwa ne-malaria)
- Amanye ama-antibiotic afana ne-tetracycline
- Psoralens yokwelapha i-psoriasis
Izingane
Amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalombili kuwo wonke umonakalo we-UV esiwutholayo esikhathini sethu sokuphila kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba aneminyaka engu-18. Njengabantu abadala, kuhle kakhulu ukukhumbula ukubamba izibuko zethu lapho senza imisebenzi engaphandle. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi sikhohlwa ukuvikela amehlo ebantwaneni bethu.
Izingane zivame ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle kwabantu abadala. Ucwaningo ngolunye usuku lungathola ukuthi ezinye zezifo zamehlo esibhekana nazo njengoba sikhula ziyakwazi ukubangelwa ukushisa kwelanga kakhulu lapho sisezingane.
Futhi, ngezinye izikhathi izingane azikaze zakhiwe ezinye zezindawo ezivikela ukulimala kwe-UV emehlweni nesikhumba esiye sakhula njengabantu abadala. I-lens yemvelo ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu ayikathuthukisi ezinye izindawo zayo zokuvimbela i-UV. Umlayezo: ukuvikela amehlo abantwana bakho ngokunciphisa ukukhanya kwelanga nokuthenga izinga eliphezulu lokugqoka kwelanga.
Abantu Abaye Bakhona Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Cataract
Izigidi zabantu baseMelika zitholwa ukuhlinzwa okungavamile konyaka wonke. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Cataract kwenziwa lapho i-lens ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu iba nefu futhi igcizelelwe ngezinga lapho ukukhanya kungagxili kahle ku-retina yethu. Ngakho-ke, umbono ubonakala kakhulu.
Izidakamizwa zivame ukulethwa yinqubo yokuguga. Kodwa abantu abasha bangaphinda bahlakulele izidakamizwa ngenxa yokuphuza imithi ethile, babe nezifo ezithile zesistimu, noma babe nomlando womndeni wokuthuthukisa i-cataracts yokuqala.
Uma sinokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract yethu lens yemvelo isuswe futhi sithathwe indawo yokufaka i-lens intraocular. Namuhla, abakhiqizi abaningi bakhela ukuvikeleka kwe-UV okuyi-lens yabo ye-intraocular. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izimpande zangaphakathi ze-intraocular azizange zivikele ukuvikelwa kwe-UV. Ngenxa yalokho, lezi ziguli kufanele zigqoke ihhashi eligcwele elibhejiswe nezibuko zokukhanyisa i-UV uma zichitha isikhathi elangeni.
> Umthombo:
> Ukuxhumana Okuhle Phakathi Kokukhanya Iris Umbala Nokukhanya Kwe-Ultraviolet ku-Relation, Ophthalmology. 2009 Feb; 116 (2): 340-8.