Ukubaluleka kwezilinganiso zokuqagela kufanelana nokubeka kanye nabantu
Umthamo we- CD4 / CD8 ukuhlolwa kokubikezelwa kwesimiso somzimba somuntu, kuqhathanisa inani le " CD4 T-cell " "omsizi" kulawo "omcindezeli" ama-CD8 T-cell. Ukuhlolwa kokubikezela kunye okuhloswe ukucacisa inkambo ekhona yesifo, njengalapho umuntu enesandulela ngculaza .
Ukuqonda Indlela ama-CD4 kanye ne-CD8 T-Cell esebenza ngayo
I-CD4 ne-CD8 imane nje izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ze-glycoprotein ezitholakala ebusweni be-T-amaseli nezinye i-lymphocytes (iklasi lamangqamuzana egazi omhlophe eliphakathi komzimba omzimba).
Ama-CD4 T-cell abhekwa njengabasizi "ngoba yibo abangela impendulo yokuzivikela omzimba uma bebhekene ne-pathogen (i-agent ehlasela).
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ama-CD-T "cell suppressor" asetshenziselwa ukuhlasela nokubulala lezo zifo. Bese benza ngokuvala umsebenzi we-CD4 uma kutholakale impendulo eyanele yokuzivikela ngomzimba.
I-CD4 / CD8 ratio ibhekwa njengokujwayelekile uma iphakathi kuka-1.0 no-4.0. Ngomuntu onempilo ohumusha phakathi kuka-30-60% we-CD4 T-cell kanye no-10-30% we-CD8 T-cell.
Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu elele igciwane lesandulela ngculazi , ngokuvamile ukudonsa okungama-30% kwinani lama-CD4 T-cell njenge-HIV ihlose lawa maseli futhi idonsa izinombolo zazo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-CD8 T-cell azokhula ngokujwayelekile ngamaphesenti angama-40 ngesikhathi, nakuba amandla abo okunciphisa igciwane azoncipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba kunamabandla ambalwa e-CD4 T-cell ukuqala impendulo ephumelelayo.
Uma ukwelashwa kwe-antiretroviral (ART) kuqaliswa ngesikhathi esifanele kumuntu onesandulela ngculazi, inani ngokuvamile libuyela ejwayelekile.
Kodwa-ke, uma ukwelashwa kwephuzile, ikhono lomzimba lokubuyisela kabusha ama-CD4 T-cells linciphisa, futhi isilinganiso saso sihlala singaphansi kwe-1.0.
Okushiwo yi-CD4 / CD8 Ratio
Inani le-prognostic le-CD4 / CD8 libhekwa njengelilinganiselwe ekuphathweni kwe-HIV kunangaphambili eminyakeni engama-20 edlule, lapho kunezidambisigciwane ezingezansi, ezisebenzayo zokuphatha i-HIV.
Ngenkathi kungabonisa ukuthi sekukhona ukutheleleka kanye nokubikezelwa kokufa kwe- AIDS , ukugcizelela kakhulu namuhla kugcizelelwe ekugcineni ukucindezelwa kwamagciwane (njengoba kulinganiswa nomthamo wegciwane lomuntu) ukuze kunciphise ukuqhuma kwesifo futhi kugweme ukuthuthukiswa kwesidakamizwa se-HIV ukumelana .
Uma kuthiwa, ukugxila okuqhubekayo kufakwe kwi-CD4 / CD8 enamandla ekuguga abantu abane-HIV . Ucwaningo lwamuva lwezempilo luphakamisa ukuthi iziguli ezisebenza nge-ART esebenzayo, ephansi isikhathi eside ngezinga eliphansi le-CD4 / CD8 zinomngcipheko okhulayo wokungabhubhi nokufa kwabantu okungenalo i-HIV.
Kunezinye izindawo eziningi lapho isilinganiso se-CD4 / CD8 singaba khona. Esicwaningweni se-epidemiological, singasetshenziswa njengenani elizokwazi ukulinganisa i-virulence (okungukuthi, ikhono le-pathogen lokubangela isifo) se-HIV kubantu abahlukahlukene noma esikhathini esithile.
Ingasetshenziselwa ukubikezela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i- IRIS (i-immune reconstitution syndrome syndrome) ingase ivele lapho umuntu eqala ukwelashwa kwe-antiretroviral. Uma inani le-CD4 eliyisisekelo liphansi kanti lihambisana ne-CD4 / CD8 ephansi isilinganiso esingaphansi kwe-0.20, amathuba okuba nomcimbi we-IRIS ukwanda kakhulu.
Ngokufanayo, ucwaningo luye lwafakazela ukuthi inani eliphansi le-CD4 / CD8 ezinganeni ezithwele abesilisa abane-HIV zibikezela ukuthi ngabe lo mntwana uzoba yi- seroconvert (kuqinisekiswe ukuthi unesandulela ngculaza) , kanti amathuba angakhula ngokuphawulekayo uma isilinganiso singaphansi kwe-1.0.
Lokhu kungase kusebenze ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka lapho inani lokudluliselwa komama ukuya komntwana liye lahleka ngokuphawulekayo kodwa inani lezingane ezinegciwane lesandulela ngculazi ku-ART lihlala liphakeme.
Imithombo:
I-Mahnke, i-Y .; I-Greenwald, i-J .; I-DerSimonian, i-R .; et al. "Ukwandiswa okukhethiwe kwama-CD4 Amaseli e-CD4 aqondene ne-HIV-1 anegciwane lesandulela-ngculazi elinesifo sengculaza sokuvuvukala komzimba." Igazi. Ngo-Mashi 29, 2012; 119 (13): 3105-3112.
Zijenah, L .; Katzenstein, D .; I-Nathoo, K .; et al. "I-lymphocytes ye-T phakathi kwezinsana ezinegciwane lesandulela-ngculaza ne-noninfected: isilinganiso se-CD4 / CD8 njengethuluzi elingase lihlolwe ukutheleleka kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka emibili . " Journal of Medicational Medicine. 1 Febhuwari 2005; 3: 6: i-doi: 10.1186 / 1479-5876-3-6.
I-Seng, R .; I-Goujard, i-C .; Krastinova, E .; et al. "Ithonya lokuphila okuqhubekayo kwe-HIV yokuvuthwa kwe-HIV ekubuyiseleni isikhathi eside kwe-CD4 + count kanye ne-CD4 + / CD8 + isilinganiso phakathi kweziguli ezinomthelela we-antiretroviral inhlanganisela." AIDS . NgoJanuwari 13, 2015; eshicilelwe ngaphambi kokuphrinta; I-DOI: 10.1097 / QAD.0000000000000571.