I-hemorrhage yangaphakathi, ebizwa nangokuthi i-IVH, iphuma e- ventricles yobuchopho . I-IVH ingaba mnene noma inzima, kuye ngokuthi kungakanani ukuphuma kwegazi. Ezinye izingane ezithola i-IVH ngeke zibe nemiphumela yesikhathi eside, kuyilapho izinsana ezinegazi elibanzi kakhulu zingase zibe nokulibaziseka kokuthuthukiswa noma ezinye imiphumela ehlala njalo.
Uma ingane yakho itholwe ukuthi inesifo sokushaya igazi, ukufunda okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngalesi simo kungakusiza ukuba uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani nomntanakho nokuthi uzobuya kanjani.
Ubukhulu be-IVH
Ezinganeni, izinhlayiya ze-intraventricular zihlukaniswa ukuthi ukubola kwesisu kunzima kangakanani.
- IGreyidi 1: Ukukhipha isisu kunomkhawulo kumatrix wegciwane, indawo enesibindi eduze kwama-ventricles aqukethe ama-capillari amaningi amancane. IBanga 1 IVH ibizwa nangokuthi i-germinal matrix hemorrhage.
- Ibanga lesi-2: Ukukhipha isisu kutholakala emaqenjini, kepha ama-ventricle ahlala esilinganisweni esifanayo.
- Ibanga lesi-3: Ukukhipha isisu kutholakala emaqenjini, futhi ukuphuma kwegazi kuye kwabangela ukuba ama-ventricles ahlume, noma akhule.
- Ibanga lesi-4: Igazi litholakala emaqenjini, ahlambulukile, nasezindaweni eziseduze zobuchopho. Ibanga lesi-4 IVH libizwa nangokuthi i-hemorrhage engasebenzi.
I-Grade 1 ne-grade 2-hemorrhages ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengamafutha amancane, kanti ukuphuma kwebanga lesi-3 no-4 kunzima kakhulu, kunemibonakaliso eyingozi nakakhulu kakhulu.
Izimbangela
Ukuqeda isimo sokuqala kuyimbangela enkulu kunazo zonke yokugaya isisu, futhi amacala amaningi e-IV avela ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwamasonto angama-30 ukubeletha noma ngaphansi kwamagremu angu-1 500 (3 lbs 5 oz).
Ukulimaza okwenzeka esikhathini esizayo kwenzeka esikhathini sokuqala kokuphila kwe-preemie, ngamaphesenti angama-90 avela ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala zokuphila. Odokotela bacabanga ukuthi izinto eziningana zihlangene ukwenza izitha zitholakale ku-IVH. Okokuqala, imithwalo yegazi ebuchosheni be-preemie yinkimbinkimbi kunalabo abasesimweni sezingane. Izingane ezingaphambi kwesikhathi nazo zingase zihlupheke ngeziqephu eziphindaphindiwe zezinga eliphansi legazi-oksijeni futhi zitholakala ekuguqukeni okukhulu kwegazi.
Izimpawu
Izinsana eziphethwe yi-hemorrhages encane kungenzeka zingenayo izimpawu. Izimpawu zezinhlungu ezingaphezu kwegazi ezinganeni ezingaphambi kwesikhathi zihlanganisa:
- Iziqephu ze- apnea ne-bradycardia
- Kunciphisa ithoni ye-muscle
- I-reflexes yehla
- Unomsane omuncu
- Ukulala ngokweqile
Ukuxilongwa
Amathumbu e-intraventricular atholakala ane- ultrasound yekhanda. Izibhedlela eziningi zivame ukubukela zonke izingane ngaphambi kwesikhathi seVH ngaphakathi kwesonto lokuqala lokuphila futhi ngaphambi kokukhishwa esibhedlela.
Ukwelapha
Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela yokumisa ukulimala kwangaphakathi lapho isiqalile. Ukwelashwa kwe-IVH kuhloswe izimpawu zegazi futhi kungabandakanya ukwesekwa okuphefumulayo noma imithi ye-apnea ne-bradycardia.
Amaphesenti angama-10 ezinsana ezinomdlavuza we-intraventricular zizothuthukisa i- hydrocephalus , isakhi se-cerebrospinal fluid ema-ventricles. I-Hydrocephalus yenza ikhanda lomntwana likhule ngokushesha kunokuvamile ukuze lenze indawo yoketshezi oluthe xaxa futhi ingafaka ingcindezi kumathisini obuchopho obuchopho. I-Hydrocephalus ingase ihambe yodwa, noma ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka. Odokotela bangase banqume ukufaka i-ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP shunt) ukukhipha uketshezi nokunciphisa ingcindezi ebuchosheni.
Imiphumela Yesikhathi Eside
Imiphumela yesikhathi eside ingaba mnene noma ikhulu futhi ngokuvamile ihlotshaniswa nobukhulu be-hemorrhage.
Izinsana ezinebanga 1 noma ibanga lesi-2 liphuma zingase zingabi nemiphumela ehlala njalo noma zingase zibe nemiphumela engacabangi ukuthi kunzima ukulinganisa.
Izingane eziningi ezinezinhlungu ezimbi kakhulu ngeke zibe nemiphumela ehlala njalo, kepha izingane ezibhekene nebanga lesi-3 noma ibanga lesi-4 ezinomsindo njengoba izinsana zisengozini yemiphumela eyingozi kakhulu. Ukubambezeleka kokuthuthukiswa kungase kube nzima phakathi kwalezi zingane. Izingane ezinomlando wegazi elibi kakhulu zingase zibhekane nokusebenza okungacabangi kokuziqonda kanye nezinye izifo ezifana nokulahleka kokunakekelwa-ukucindezeleka kwesifo (ADHD).
Ukuvimbela
Ngenxa yokuthi i-IV ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu futhi ayikwazi ukumiswa uma iqalile, odokotela kanye nososayensi baye bagxila emizamweni yabo yokuvimbela.
Ukuvimbela ukulethwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-IV, ngakho-ke omama abalindeleke ukuthi bangenele ngaphambi kokubeletha kufanele bakhulume nodokotela babo ngokunciphisa ingozi yabo. Imishanguzo eminingi iye yafundiswa indima yabo ekuvikeleni IVH. I-steroids yokubeletha kwabesifazane abasengozini yokulethwa kwezidingo zakudala baye baboniswa ukuthi banikeze ukuvikelwa, kodwa kufanele banikezwe ngesikhathi esincane esincane. Omunye imithi, i-indomethacin, nayo iboniswe ukunikeza ukuvikelwa okuthile.
Imithombo
- UHansen, uThrown Willy Ruud. "I-Prophylaxis YeHlelo Lokungasebenzi Emantanjeni Emantwaneni Asengaphambi Kokuqala: Amathuluzi Amasha Amandla, Izinselelo Ezintsha Zokungena." Imithi Yokunakekelwa Okunakekelwa Kwezingane Kwasengaphambili Jan. 2006: 7; 90-92.
- Gardner, Marsha. "Imiphumela Ezinganeni Ezibhekana Nezingxoxo Ze-Neurologic njengezinsana Zokuqala" Usizo lwabahlengikazi bezingane ezisemakhaya Nov / Dec 2005: 31; 448-457.
- Sears MD, William, Sears MD, Robert, Sears MD, James, Sears RN, Martha. Incwadi Yengane Yokuqala: Yonke Into Okudingeka Uyazi Ngomntwana Wakho Okhulile Kusukela Ekuzalweni Kuya Kudala . Little, Brown and Co., New York, 2004.
- I-Medline Plus. "Ukubhujiswa Kwangasese Kwangasese" Kwafika ngo-8-20-09 kusuka kuwebhusayithi.