Umamukeli ojwayelekile uchitha izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka elindele ukuhlinzwa komzimba , ukulinda nokulindela usuku oluzohlinzeka ngolwesibili empilweni enempilo.
Kungadingeki ukuthi iziguli kufanele zigxile ekubhekaneni nesifo esasongela ukuphila futhi zifake ukuhlinzwa kunokuba zifunde amakhono okuzisiza ukuba abhekane nokufakelwa okungeke kwenzeke.
Ngokugxila ekulondolozeni i-heath nethemba elihle, iziguli eziningi azilungele izinguquko empilweni yabo nasempilo emva kokuhlinzwa kokufakelwa.
Ukubhekana nalezi zinguquko kudinga ukwesekwa, ukukhuthaza nokuzimisela ukubeka phambili impilo enempilo nokugcina isilwane esinempilo.
Izinkinga Zemizwelo
Kunezimpikiswano eziyingqayizivele ekufakweni kwezitho zomzimba ukuthi ukuhlinzwa okujwayelekile kwesiguli akuhlangenwe nakho. Ezimweni eziningi, isiguli esilindele isilwane siyazi ukuthi kufanele sifeze ukuthi isitho siyatholakala.
Kukhona umzabalazo ongokomzwelo phakathi kokulondoloza ithemba lokufakelwa nokwesaba, ukwazi ukuthi umuntu ongaziwayo uzofa ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. Abamukeli be-transplant bavame ukuvuma ukuthi bazizwa benecala lokusinda, bezuze ekufeni komunye.
Kubalulekile ukuba abamukeli bakhumbule ukuthi amalungu omndeni wabanikeli bazisa ukuthi ukukwazi ukunikela izitho kwakuwukuphela kwento enhle eyenzekayo ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka.
Ukuxhumana abayitholayo kubanikazi bezitho kungasiza umuzwa wokulahlekelwa okuphelele emva kokuba othandekayo efa.
Ukukwazi ukusungula ubuhlobo nomndeni wabanikeli, ngisho noma ngeposi kuphela, kungaletha umuzwa wokuthula. Kubomndeni wabanikeli, ingxenye yomthandi wabo uhlala. Eminye imindeni nabamukeli bakhetha ukuhlangana emva kokuhambelanayo, ukufaka isibopho phezu kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo okwabiwe.
Isiyaluyalu nokucindezeleka
Amasonto nezinyanga ngokushesha emva kokuhlinzwa kungabangela ukucindezeleka kakhulu kumamukeli wenyama, okwenza kube yisikhathi esinzima ukugcina ubumnene kulabo abalwa nokulutha.
Utshwala, ugwayi kanye nezidakamizwa zivivinywa njalo lapho iziguli zilindele ukufakelwa, njengoba ukuyeka ukuzigcina kungumgomo wokuba uhlu olulindile ezindaweni eziningi zokufakelwa, kodwa uma kwenzeka ukuhlinzwa kwenzeka ukuthi ukuzama ukubuyela ekuziphatheni zakudala kungase kube nzima.
Kubalulekile ukuba abamukeli balondoloze imikhuba yabo enempilo, njengoba le mithi ingaba yingozi kwizitho ezintsha. Kunezinhlelo eziningi ezingu-12 ezitholakalayo ezigulini ezilwa nezidakamizwa nemikhaya yazo, izinhlelo zokuphulukisa iziguli kanye neziguli kanye namaqembu asekela.
Ababhemayo bangaxoxa ngemigomo yokulwa nokubhema nodokotela wabo ohlinzayo kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa zokuyeka ukubhema ziyatholakala phezu kwekhasi.
Ukucindezeleka ngemva kokuhlinzwa akukhona kubantu abanokulindela okungenangqondo, kuvamile ngezifo ezingapheli kanye nokuhlinzwa okukhulu. Nakuba abaningi banomkhuba wokuphika ukuthi kukhona inkinga, ukubhekana nokucindezeleka nokufuna ukwelashwa kubalulekile ukugcina impilo enhle.
Iziguli ezicindezelekile zingase zibuyele ekuziphatheni okuluthayo futhi zingenakwenzeka ukuba zithathe indima ekusebenzeni kwazo kanye nokuphila kwesikhashana.
Imibuzo ehlobene ne-Donor ye-Transplant Issues
Abambalwa bezitho zomzimba banesigaba sebindi noma izinso ezinikezwe ilungu lomndeni ophilayo noma umngane, okunikeza izinkinga ezihluke ngokuphelele kunezo zomnikeli ongaziwa. Umnikeli ophilayo angase abe nesikhathi esibalulekile sokuvuselela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ngesikhathi esengeziwe esichitha esabuyela ekhaya.
Ngenkathi ukukhokhelwa kwezikweletu ezikhokhelwa ngumshuwalense womamukeli, umholo olahlekile kanye nobuhlungu nokuhlupheka akukhona, futhi kungabangela imizwa enzima phakathi kwamalungu omndeni. Umshuwalense wokukhubazeka unganikeza usizo lwezezimali, kodwa kungase kube nezinkinga ngemuva kokuba umnikezeli ekhishwa mayelana nomshuwalense wakho okhokhela imithi eyingxenye yokunakekela.
Umzwelo wokuthi "ukukhokha" umngane noma isihlobo ongumnikezeli akuyona into engavamile. Kukhona nabanikeli abanenkinga emva kokuhlinzwa. Kunezimo zelungu lomndeni "ogulayo" elinokufakelwa nokukhishwa esibhedlela ngaphambi komnikeli "omuhle".
Abanye abantu baphinde baphethwe ukucindezeleka ngemva kokunikezwa, okuncane kakhulu ngemuva kokujabula okukhulu kokusiza ekulondolozeni impilo. Izinkinga zokuhlinzwa noma izinkinga zengqondo ngemuva kokunikezwa kungenza umamukeli azizwe enecala ngokuba "wabangela" lezi zinkinga.
Okungcono, ingxoxo mayelana nazo zonke izimpikiswano zomnikelo kufanele zenzeke ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa futhi kufanele zibandakanye izici zemali nezomzwelo zomnikelo, ngaphezu kwezimpikiswano zomzimba. Ingxoxo kufanele ihlanganise nokulindela kwawo wonke umuntu ohilelekile, nokuthi ngabe lezi zilindelo ziyinto engokoqobo noma cha.
Uma le ngxoxo iqhutshwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ingxoxo ecacile ingadingeka ukuthola ukuthi yikuphi okulindelekile okuyiqiniso nokuthi yini engekho. Umhlinzeki womzimba angase abe nokulindela komamukeli ongaphezu kwezingqinamba zezezimali kepha kubalulekile ngokufanayo, ngokuphathelene nempilo yomamukeli kanye nokuphila.
Umnikeli ohlinzeka isigaba sesibindi sakhe esihlotsheni esasidinga ngemuva kokuphuza utshwala angase azwele kakhulu ukubona lo muntu ephuza i-eggnog ngoKhisimusi uma kungakaze kube yinkinga ngaphambilini.
Umnikeli unokutshala imali ngokomzwelo empilweni yomamukeli oshintshiwe, futhi ukuhlukumeza isitho kungase kube nomuzwa wokuthi ugobe ebusweni. Lezi zindaba kumele zixoxwe ngendlela eqotho futhi evulekile, ngaphandle kokwahlulela, ukuba nobuhlobo obunempilo obuqhubekayo.
Ukukhathazeka Ngezifo Ukubuyela
Ukukhathazeka mayelana nokulahlwa kwesitho noma isidingo sokufakelwa okunye kubuye kujwayelekile nalabo abaye bafaka ukuhlinzwa kokuhlinzwa. Emva kokulinda isikhathi eside ukuhlinzwa, ukwesaba ukubuya ohlwini lokulinda kanye nempilo embi kungukukhathazeka kwemvelo.
Ukuthatha indima ebalulekile ekulondolozeni impilo enhle, ngokulandela imiyalelo odokotela nokusebenza kahle ngokuzivocavoca nokudla, kusiza abamukeli ukuthi banokulawula impilo yabo kunokuba babe nesihe emzimbeni wabo.
Ukubuyela emsebenzini
Kunezinkinga ezingafani nokufakelwa abamukeli kodwa namanje kufanele ziphathwe ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Umshuwalense wezempilo kanye nekhono lokukhokha imishanguzo yokulwa nokulahlwa kuyinkinga, ikakhulu lapho isiguli sigula kakhulu ukusebenza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Izinkinga zezezimali zivame kubantu abanezifo ezingelapheki, futhi ukufakelwa kwabamukeli akuyona into ehlukile.
Uma ubuyela emsebenzini kungenzeka, kungase kube kubalulekile ekusindeni kwezimali komndeni wonke, ikakhulu uma isiguli singumthombo oyinhloko wemali engenayo. Ukuthola, noma ukugcina, umshuwalense wezempilo kubaluleke kakhulu ngezindleko eziphezulu zemithi kadokotela kanye nokuvakashelwa udokotela.
Kuziguli ezingakwanele ukubuyela emsebenzini, kubalulekile ukuthi izinsiza zitholakale zizosiza ngezindleko zokunakekelwa. Isikhungo sokufakelwa kufanele sikwazi ukubhekisela noma yisiphi isiguli esidinga imithombo yocingo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuvela ezinsizakweni zenhlalakahle, izinhlelo ezidakamizwa ezibiza izindleko noma izimali ezilinganiselwe.
Ukukhulelwa
Iziguli ezincane ezincane ezikwazi ukubuyela ekuphileni okugcwele futhi ezikhuthele zingase zibe nokukhathazeka ngokukhulelwa, ikhono labo lokukhulelwa kanye nomphumela wokulwa nokwenqaba okungenzeka ube nomntwana ongakazalwa.
Kwezinye izimo, udokotela ohlinzayo angase ancoma ukuthi angakhulelwe njengoba umzimba ungase ungabekezelele ukucindezeleka okubangelwa ukukhulelwa nokubeletha. Kulezi zimo, iziguli zingase zizuze eqenjini lokusekela elizinikezelwe ukungenasifo noma iqembu lokusekela ukufakelwa.
Kulabo besifazane abavunyelwe udokotela ukukhulelwa, izingxoxo kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo wesiguli kanye nodokotela wezifo ezingase zibe khona zingaphendula imibuzo futhi zinciphise noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka.
Abahlinzayo abadokotela abafakelwa ukutshala umthombo omuhle kakhulu wokudluliselwa ku-obstetrician abanolwazi lokunakekela izamukeli ezikhulelwe.
Abamukeli be-Transplant Organic
Abamukeli be-transplant babantwana, noma iziguli ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18, bavame ukuletha isethi esiyingqayizivele sezinkinga abamukeli abadala abakwenzile. Abazali bakhombisa ukuthi ngemva kokusondela ekulahlekelweni kwengane ekuguleni, kunzima ukubeka imingcele bese ubeka imingcele ngokuziphatha kwabo.
Abantakwethu bangase bazizwe benganakwa futhi baqale ukwenza okuthile lapho ingane egula idinga isikhathi esengeziwe futhi sinakekelwa, ifuna ukunakwa kwabazali babo.
Ngemuva kokufakelwa okuphumelelayo, ingane ingadinga imingcele engaphezulu kunangaphambili futhi ibe nzima ukuphatha uma ingaqondi lemithetho emisha. Abangane nezihlobo abangayiqondi imithetho bangase bangaziphoqeleli lapho befunda izingane, kubangela ubunzima nokuxabana phakathi kwabantu abadala.
Ukusungula isimiso nemithetho elandelwayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umnakekeli anganciphisa kanjani ukungqubuzana phakathi kwabantu abadala futhi basize ukusetha iphethini ehambisanayo nengane.
Kunezincwadi namaqembu okusekela atholakalayo kubazali abagulayo, noma ngaphambili abantwana abagulayo, ukusiza ngezindaba eziza ngokubeletha ingane engavamile noma egulayo. Iningi ligcizelela ukuthi abazali kudingeka bathumele umlayezo ofanayo ngokusebenza njengethimba futhi baqinisekise imithetho ngokulinganayo. Abazali abakwazi ukwehlisa igunya lomunye nomunye ngokuhluleka ukuziphatha okubi noma ukungavumelani ngokujeziswa nokuhluleka ukwenza okuthile.
Iphinda iphinde ishicilele ubudlelwane
Ubudlelwane bungabhekana nezifo zesikhathi eside, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi imindeni ifunda ukubhekana nomuntu othandekayo ogula kakhulu. Amalungu omndeni nabangani bajwayele ukungena nokuhlinzekela ukunakekelwa nokusekela isiguli, kodwa bavame ukulwa lapho isimo sishintshwa ngokushesha.
Umfazi oye wajwayele ukusiza umyeni wakhe ukugeza nokuhlinzeka ngokudla angazizwa ejabule ngokuphelele, kodwa engenasici, lapho oshade naye enza umsebenzi wesikhala ngokuzumayo.
Isiguli singakhungatheka uma sizizwa njengabantu bakudala kodwa imindeni yabo iyaqhubeka nokuzama ukwenza konke kubo. Izingane ezivame ukuya kuyise ukuze zithole usizo ngomsebenzi wesikole noma imvume inganaki ukungazitholi ukunikeza umama ubuqotho obufanayo lapho ilungele ukuthatha indima ekhudlwana ekuzalaneni.
Inani lomsizi oludingekayo kufanele lithathwe ngendlela umamukeli azizwa ngayo, hhayi kumisoqoqo asekelwe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kokufakelwa. Ngokushesha kakhulu kakhulu akuyona into enhle futhi kungandisa isikhathi sokuvuselela, kepha ukuzimela kufanele kukhutshwe noma kunini lapho kungenzeka khona.
Isimo asifani nentsha efuna ukuzimela futhi umzali ofuna ingane yakhe iphephile, ihlukumezeka ukuthola umphakathi ojabulisayo ukuthi bobabili bangahlala nabo.
Ukulindela
Nakuba impilo enhle ingase ibonakale njengesimangaliso ngemva kweminyaka yokugula, ukuhlinzwa okufakelwayo akuyona ikhambi kukho konke. Izinkinga zezezimali azidluli emva kokuhlinzwa, futhi izidakamizwa noma izinkinga zomshado.
Ukwelashwa kokutshala izihlahla kuyindlela yokwelashwa kwezinye iziguli, kodwa izilingo ezingenangqondo zingashiya umuzwa ozwayo ecindezelekile futhi ephazamisekile. Isitho esinempilo asibangeli izifo ezingavamile abantu ababhekana nazo zonke izinsuku; linikeza ithuba lokubhekana nezinselele zokuphila njengomuntu onempilo.
Izinguquko zomzimba
Kunezinguquko zomzimba ezifakelwa iziguli ezibhekene nokubhekana nokuhlinzwa okuhamba ngaphezu kwesikhathi sokuphumula ngokushesha. Iziguli eziningi zizitholela ukubhekana nokuncipha kwesisindo nokugcina amanzi, ukuphendula okujwayelekile emithini yokulwa nokulahlwa okudingekayo emva kokufakelwa.
Kanye nobuso obunzima, la ma-meds angabangela ukushintsha kwemizwelo nezinguquko zomzwelo okunzima ukuzibikezela nokuzikhandla ukubhekana nazo. Izimpawu ngokuvamile ziyancipha uma isilinganiso esifanele sinqunywa, kodwa ngokuqaphela ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela evamile yokwelapha kusiza iziguli zibekezelele imiphumela esikhathini esifushane.
Amaqembu asekela & Volunteerism
Ngenxa yendlela ehlukile yokufakelwa kwezitshalo, iziguli eziningi zidonsa abanye ezimweni ezifanayo. Amaqembu okusekela kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuthola abanye abaye bahlangabezana nakho kanye nezinselelo ezihlukile kubamukeli bezitho. Amaqembu atholakalayo kuzwelonke, nemihlangano namaqembu e-intanethi ezindaweni zendawo zokufakelwa izikhungo zabantu abadala neziguli zezingane.
Kukhona namawebhusayithi azinikele emphakathini wokufakelwa, evumela iziguli nemindeni ukuba zixoxisane ngazo zonke izici zomnikelo kanye nokufakelwa kabusha.
Imindeni eminingi yabamukeli kanye nabaxhasi bathola ukuzithandela izinhlangano zokuthenga izitho kanye nezinsizakalo zokufakelwa ukuze zivule futhi indlela enhle kakhulu yokuhlala ihilelekile emphakathini wokufakelwa.
Inzuzo eyengeziwe yokuzithandela yukuthi izisebenzi zokuvolontiya eziningi zixhumano lomuntu siqu nokufakelwa kabusha futhi ziyajabula ukwabelana nakho kwabo. Kunezinhlangano zokuvolontiya zabomama abaxhasi, imindeni yabamukeli kanye nabanye abantu abahlukahlukene abathintekayo ngeminikelo.
> Imithombo:
> Green A, McSweeney J, Ainley K, J. Bryant Ezicathulweni Zami: Ikhwalithi Yokuphila Kwezingane Emva Kokufakelwa Inhliziyo. Ukuguqulwa okuqhubekayo 2007 Sep; 17 (3): 199-207
> Ukusiza Ingane Yakho Iguqule Ukuthutha Ukuthutha. I-United Network For Sharing Sharing. 2008.