Indlela Yokunikela I-Organ kuMngane noma Ilungu Lomndeni

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Yini ephilayo ehlobene nomnikelo womzimba?

Iziguli ezibhekana nokuhluleka komzimba futhi zidinga ukufakelwa, ukuthola umhlinzeki womzimba ohlobene nokuphila kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ukufakelwa ngaphandle kwesikhathi eside sokulinda. Iminikelo ehlobene nokuphila yilona uhlobo lokuqala lunikelo lombuso , okuqala ngokufakelwa kwezinso zokuqala kwezinso ngo-1954, ngezinso ezinikezwa yiwele elifanayo lesiguli.

Iminikelo ehlobene nokuphila iyaziwa kakhulu njengoba iziguli zilinde isikhathi eside kunanini ngaphambili sokufakelwa. Ithuba elihle kakhulu lesiguli sokufakelwa, ngaphandle kokulinda okude, ukuthola umnikeli ovela emndenini wabo noma kumngani.

Izinso akuzona kuphela izitho ezinganikelwa ngumhlinzeki ophilayo; izingxenye zesibindi, izingxenye zamaphaphu namagatsha emathumbu anganikelwa ngesihlobo. Lolu hlobo lweminikelo linciphisa ukulinda ukufakelwa, okubaluleke kakhulu ngoba iziguli zivame ukugula njengoba zilindele. Isikhathi esincane sokulinda sithuthukisa ithuba lomphumela omuhle kakhulu, njengoba umamukeli enempilo futhi ekwazi ukubekezelela ukuhlinzeka ngesikhathi sokufakelwa.

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Ubani Ongaba Umhlinzeki Wezinto Eziphilayo? Ukuba ngumhlinzeki wendikimba ephilayo akulula njengokuhlola igazi ukuze ubone ukuthi ufanelana nomamukeli ongakwazi yini. Kudingeka ube ngokomzwelo nangokwenyama ukuze unikeze ngempumelelo isitho.

Abanikeli abangenzeka kufanele:

• Yiba nempilo ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu zezokwelapha
• Yiba nokuphakama kwesisindo
• Awunawo umlando wesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo senhliziyo
• Yiba umuntu omdala oneminyaka engama-65 ubudala
• Yiba nohlobo lwegazi elihambisanayo
• Awunayo izinkinga ezingqondweni ezingaphazamisa amakhono wokwenza izinqumo

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Ukuvivinya Ukunikezwa Kwempilo Yomzimba

Kukhona ukuhlolwa okudingekayo ngaphambi kokuba umuntu anikeze isitho. Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo kwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umnikezi ozokwazi ukukwazi ukuqonda isinqumo sokunikela, izingozi zomnikelo kanye nenqubo yokunikela. Ukuhlolwa okukhulu kwezokwelapha kwenziwe ukuvikela kokubili umnikeli nomamukeli. Kumnikeli, kubalulekile ukuthi ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi baphilile nokuthi ngeke babalwe ngumnikelo. Kumamukeli, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi isitho sizoba nomdlalo omuhle futhi singanqatshwa, nokuthi umnikezeli akanayo izifo ezingasakazwa kumamukeli, kuhlanganise nesifo sofuba, i-HIV noma umdlavuza.

Igazi lizodonselwa ukuhlolwa okuningana. Ukuhlolwa kwe-typing blood standard kuzokwenziwa kanye nokuthayipha izicubu, ukufananisa nokuhlola izifo zamagciwane. Lezi zivivinyo zisetshenziselwa ukubona ukuthi umnikeli uhambisana nomamukeli, noma uma kunamathuba amakhulu okulahlwa yombumba.

Ama-x-rays ajwayelekile azokwenziwa ukuhlola noma yiziphi izinkinga zenhliziyo nephuphu. Ama-sampuli e-urine azohlaziywa ngomsebenzi womzimba uma kwenzeka abanikeli bezinso. Abaxhasi besifazane bayoba nokuhlolwa okuphelele kwezemvelo futhi okungenzeka babe nomzimba omkhulu. Izivivinyo ezengeziwe eziqondene nomzimba zingalawulwa njengoba udokotela ohlinzayo wokugcoba ebona ukuthi kuyadingeka.

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Izinketho zokunikezwa komzimba lapho isihlobo esingathandeki

Uma isihlobo noma oshade naye ozimisele ukunikela akufani nomnikelo, umnikelo ohlanganyelwe uyindlela. Umnikelo ohlanganyelwe kwenzeka uma umuntu odinga ukufakelwa akufani nomuntu ofanelekile ukunikela. Lo mbhangqwana uhambelana nomlingani ofanayo, ongafanisani.

Isibonelo yilokhu: Umamukeli A kanye nomlingani wakhe, uMnikeli A, angafani. Umamukeli B nomlingani wakhe, uMnikeli B, ungahambisani. Umamukeli A uthola izinso zikaDonor B kanye nomamukeli B uthola izinso zikaDonor A, bonke ngosuku olufanayo.

Uma umnikelo ohlanganyelwe awuyona inketho, ukhetho olulandelayo uluhlu lwendabuko lokulinda, lapho iziguli zilinde isitho kumuntu oshonile.

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Izingozi Zokuphila Isidlo Somnikelo

Ngaphandle kwezingozi ezijwayelekile zokuhlinzwa , ukunikela isitho kunengozi eyengeziwe.

Izingozi Zokuba Ngumnikelo Wezinso

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Amaphrotheni emcimbini, ongabonisa ukuhluleka kwezinso ekuqaleni

Izingozi ze-Lung Donation

• Ama-clots egazi, ikakhulu emaphashini
• Ukuphefumula okunzima
• Amaphaphu aqoqwe
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo kufaka phakathi izilinganiso ezingavamile zenhliziyo
• Ukwelapha nokuvuvukala kwamaphaphu

Izingozi Zokunikezwa Kwebindi

• Ama-clots egazi
• Ukuvimbela amathumbu amancane
• Izinkinga zokuphuza

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Izindleko Zokuba Okuphilayo I-Organ Donor Ehlobene

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungumnikeli womzimba, kubalulekile ukwazi izindleko zeminikelo. Izindleko zezokwelapha ezihlobene nokunikela inhlangano zikhokhwa ngumshuwalense womamukeli, kufaka phakathi izibhedlela zesibhedlela, ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kanye nazo zonke ezinye izindleko zezokwelapha ezihlobene ngokuqondile nomnikelo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso kuzo zonke izinhlobo zomnikelo womzimba .

Izindleko ezengeziwe ezihlangenwe nakho okuhlinzekwa ngabanikeli, okubandakanya ukulahlekelwa kwemholo, izindleko zokunakekelwa kwengane ngesikhathi sokuphumula, izindleko zokudla, zokuhlala kanye nezokuhamba, azihlanganisiwe. Uma umnikeli enomshwalense wokukhubazeka, kungase kube khona ukulahlekelwa kwemali noma ukulahlekelwa kungancishiswa.

Kubanikeli abanobunzima ngezindleko ezingahlanganiswa nomshuwalense, Uhlelo lweNational Living Donor Assistance Program lungahlinzeka usizo ngezindleko.

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Ukubhekana Nezinto Eziphilayo Ezihlobene Nayo

Kunezinkinga ezibalulekile ezingokomzwelo ezihilelekile kokubili kokunikela nokuthola isitho, futhi ikhono lokubhekana nalezi zinkinga kubalulekile kokubili umnikeli nomamukeli. Kubalulekile ukuba nengxoxo evulekile necacile mayelana nokulindeleke ukuthi umnikeli nomamukeli abe nakho, kanye nokukhathazeka nezinkinga, ngaphambi kokufakelwa.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinkinga ezibhekene nabanikeli nabamukeli ekubhekaneni emva kokufakelwa kwezakhi zomzimba ngaphambi kokuba izinkinga zikhule phakathi kwamalungu omndeni nabangane.

> Imithombo:

> Umnikelo Wokuphila. I-United Network Ye-Sharing Sharing. 2008. http://www.transplantliving.org/livingdonation/default.aspx