Induduzo Yokunakekela I-Cancer Metastatic Cancer
Imithi yokwelapha, eyaziwa nangokuthi ukuphathwa kwezibonakaliso noma ukunakekelwa kokududuzeka, igxile ekunqobeni izimpawu ezingenakulungiswa ezivela esibhedlela esingapheli noma esibulalayo. Emdlavuza wekoloni , ukwelashwa okunamandla kungakusiza ukuba ubhekane nenyama, ngokomzwelo, nangokomoya ngesikhathi sokulwa kwakho.
Lapho abantu bethola ukwelashwa okunamandla, imithi, izinqubo, noma ukuhlinzwa okukhethiwe kuhloswe ukusiza ngokuphathwa kwezibonakaliso, ngokungafani nokuhlinzeka ukwelashwa komdlavuza.
Indlela elula yokuqonda ukwelapha okulula: Uma unomphimbo obuhlungu, ungathatha i-lozenge. I-lozenge i-palliative-ayiboni "ukuphilisa" imbangela yesifo somzimba, kodwa iyanciphisa uphawu lokungahambi kahle.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative akulona ukunakekelwa kwe-hospice , nakuba i-hospice isebenzisa izinyathelo zokunakekelwa kwezinyathelo zokunakekela induduzo nokuphumula komzimba. Kungenzeka ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa kokubeletha kusukela ekuqaleni kokwelashwa kwakho komdlavuza ngaphandle kokuthi wazi ukuthi ukuhlushwa kwesifo owawubhekene nakho kwakunegama.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usanda kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza we-colon metastatic noma uma usuvele uthola ukwelashwa, izinyathelo zokunakekelwa kwezinhliziyo zingase zigxile ekunciphiseni izimpawu ezivamile nemithombo yokunganaki, kuhlanganise:
- Ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, nokudideka
- Ukuphefumula, ukuphefumula nokukhathala
- I-Anorexia nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo
- Ukuqotshwa, isifo sohudo kanye nokuvinjelwa kwamathumbu
- Lymphedema
- I-nausea nokuhlanza
- Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu
- Ukukhathazeka ngokocansi
Kungani Kufanele Ukhethe Ukunakekelwa Kwe-Palliative?
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani abantu abanomdlavuza ophuthumayo ukhetha ukunakekelwa ngokweqile ukwelashwa ngokweqile. Ngezinye izikhathi, isinqumo singaphansi kokulawula kwakho, njengokuthi ukhetha ukwenqaba ukuhlinzwa noma olunye uhlobo lokuphathwa kokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, ukuphathwa kwezimpawu kungase kube yindlela yakho kuphela enamandla uma impilo yakho engokwenyama, ubudala noma izinkinga zezokwelapha ezihambelanayo zingeke zikwazi ukumelana nokuhlukunyezwa, ukwelashwa okunomsoco womdlavuza.
Yize kunezinketho eziningi zokwelapha zokwelashwa ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo, lezo ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulawula umdlavuza wepoloni ongenakuphulukiswa uhlanganisa:
- I-Chemotherapy
- Ukwelashwa kwamafutha
- Ukuphazamiseka kokuhlinzwa okunamaphutha
- Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi
I-Chemotherapy
Ngokusekelwe empilweni yakho engokwenyama, imithi yesifo sempilo kanye nomlando wangaphambi kokwelashwa, i- oncologist yakho izosebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwezokwelapha lwe-chemotherapy. Ngokungafani ne-chemotherapy ehlose ukwelapha umdlavuza, ukwelashwa kwe-chemotherapy enama-palliative kuhloswe ekuhlinzekeni ukukhululeka ezinkalweni, njengokubuhlungu, ngokunciphisa izicubu noma ukuzigcina zizinzile (akukho ukukhula okuqhubekayo).
Ngokuvamile, uhlelo oluhilela ama-5-FU, Adrucil, Efudex, noma i-Fluoroplex (i-fluorouracil) lisetshenziselwa yedwa noma lihambisana nomunye umuthi we-chemotherapy. Ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lwezinhlelo zokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kwemithi oluqhubekayo luqhubeka njengoba iNational Cancer Institute ihlose ukuthola inhlanganisela engakwazi ukuzinzisa noma yokusika izicubu ngaphandle kokubangela imiphumela emibi eyengeziwe futhi ingahambi kahle.
I-Radiation Therapy
Ngokufanayo ne-chemotherapy, ukwelapha imishanguzo kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izicubu ze-pelvic nokulawula ukukhululeka kobuhlungu lapho kusetshenziselwa ukhetho lwezokwelapha. Le ndlela yokwelashwa isebenza kahle kakhulu kubantu ababhekene nobuhlungu ngenxa yokuhlasela komzimba (lapho umdlavuza usakazwa ngezibilini esiswini nasesikhumulweni sakho).
Nakuba isebenza kangcono izicubu zendawo, ukwelapha imishanguzo kungasiza ekuqedeni noma ukunciphisa ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu emathunjini aphezulu asemathamini.
Ukuhlinzwa
Ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwesinye (noma sonke) somdlavuza kanye ne-metastases akuhlosiwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuphulukisa lesi sifo. Ukwelashwa kubhalwe ngokuthi "i-palliative" lapho umgomo wokuphela ukukwenza ukhululeke, hhayi ukwelapha umdlavuza wakho. Ukuze ugqugquzele futhi ugcine induduzo yakho, udokotela ohlinzayo angase adinge ukusika ngokomzimba futhi anciphise ubukhulu besisu ukuze aguqule ukuhlasela kwe-tumor ezithombeni ezingomakhelwane (isisu, isisu, isisu), vula izibilini futhi ulungise ukuvimbela, noma ngisho nokushaya isikhukhula esikhulu i-tumor yokuphuma.
Izinketho zokuhlinzwa ezinama-palliative zingaba:
- Amakhulu - avule ngokuphelele isisu ukuze asuse ingxenye (noma yonke) yesisu.
- I-laparoscopic - engavumelani kakhulu, imibono encane esetshenziselwa ukukhipha izingxenye ezithile noma izicubu zonke.
- Izendawo zendawo - izizathu zendawo zincipha kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile, abagula kakhulu, noma noma ubani ongeke akwazi ukubekezelela i-anesthesia jikelele ngokuhlinzwa okukhulu noma laparoscopic.
- I-Laser - ingasetshenziswa endoscopically ukulawula ukuphuma kwe-tumor ye-rectal nesokunxele.
- I-Stent - i-stent yamathumbu ingafakwa endoscopically ukuze ibambe ikoloni evulekile eduze kwe-tumor enkulu, ilondoloze indlela ye-stool ukuphuma. Kungenziwa ukhethwe endaweni yokuhlinzwa okuvulekile yokuvimbela isisu (okungase kuphele nge- colostomy ).
Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzocubungula izici eziningi ngaphambi kokuletha izinketho zakho zokuhlinzekwa nge-palliative kuwe, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu umgomo wakho wezokwelapha. Kuzodingeka unqume ukuthi yini ofuna ukuyifeza ngokusebenzisa ukuhlinzeka futhi uxoxisane kahle nakho konke okukhathazayo nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo. Ukuhlinzwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi akuyona ingozi, akuyona ingozi. Ngaphambi kokukhetha ukungenelela okuhlinzekwa ngamaphilisi, uzofuna ukuxoxa ngeziqondiso zakho ezithuthukisiwe nodokotela nomndeni wakho. Udokotela ohlinzayo udinga ukuqaphela ukukhetha kwakho kokuphela kokuphila (ufuna ukuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary kufanele uyidinge? Ukudla okufakelwayo?) Ngaphambi kokusebenza kuwe.
Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu
Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwe-palliative. Ungathola ukuphathwa kobuhlungu kusuka kudokotela wakho oyinhloko, i-oncologist noma ngisho nochwepheshe wezokuphatha ubuhlungu. Ukungenelela ekunciphiseni noma ukulawula ubuhlungu bomdlavuza wakho kungabandakanya:
- Imithi yobuhlungu (imithi yokugoma, izidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwe-counter, kanye nemithi ehambisanayo)
- Ama-antidepressants we-Tricyclic noma ama-anticonvulsants (ngenxa yobuhlungu obunamazinyo)
- Izinqubo ezithintekayo (i-epidurals, i-nerve blocks)
- Ukwelapha ngokomzimba noma emsebenzini
- Ukwelulekwa nokubukwa kwe-biofeedback
Emikhankaseni ehamba phambili ye-colorectal, imithi ebuhlungu kakhulu ekhethiwe yilezi zidakamizwa ze-opioid , ezifaka i-morphine. Ukuhlupheka ngenxa yobuhlungu bomdlavuza akudingekile futhi akusebenzi lutho. Odokotela bakho baqeqeshwe ukuba balindele futhi baphathe ubuhlungu besisu esikhulu, imetastasis, kanye nezinkinga ezingase zivele ezibelethweni nasekwelapha (lymphedema).
Ithimba lakho lezokunakekela impilo lizovame ukubuza mayelana nesimo sakho sobuhlungu. Indlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukukala ubuhlungu bakho ngokusebenzisa isilinganiso sezinombolo ezingu-0-10, lapho i-0 engabonakali khona ubuhlungu futhi i-10 imelela ubuhlungu obubi kakhulu obake wabukhuthazelela. Njengoba ubuhlungu buyisibonakaliso (akukho ndlela yokulinganisa ukuthi ubona), lokhu okwamanje kuyindlela engcono yokuhlola.
Ukusetshenziswa kweMithi
Ngaphandle kokuphathwa kobuhlungu, izimpawu eziningi zingalawulwa noma zinciphise ngemithi yokwelashwa. I-oncologist yakho ingahle imise imithi yokusiza ukunciphisa izinambuzane, ukwandisa ukudla futhi ukhulise amandla akho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nalezi zimpawu, ukuze akwazi ukusebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokunakekelwa okuhambisana naso nawe wedwa.
Imithombo:
I-American Cancer Society. (2006). Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-American Cancer Society ku-Cancer Colorectal . I-Clifton Fields, NE: i-American Cancer Society.
Dixon, MR & Stamos, MJ (2004). Amasu okunakekelwa kwe-Palliative kwi-Advanced Colorectal Cancer. Ukwelashwa kwe-Digestive: 21.
I-National Cancer Institute. (nd). Ukunakekelwa kwe-Palliative eCanscer.