Okudingeka Ukwazi Ngaphambi, Ngesikhathi Nengemva Kokulashwa
I-chemotherapy (i-kee-mo-ther-apee ebizwa ngokuthi yi-kee-mo-ther-apee) yizidakamizwa ezikhomba futhi zibulale amaseli ahlukanisa ngokushesha, njengamaseli anomdlavuza. I-Chemotherapy ingasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nezinye zokwelapha umdlavuza wekoloni (ukuhlinzwa, imisebe) noma ngokwayo. I- oncologist yezokwelapha ( udokotela wesifo somdlavuza ) (udokotela oyala i-chemotherapy) uzocabangela izici eziningana ngenkathi ekhetha izinketho ezinhle kakhulu ze-chemotherapy , kuhlanganise nesigaba nesigaba somdlavuza wakho kanye nempilo yakho engokwenyama.
Ukuthi i-Chemotherapy Works kanjani
Izidakamizwa ze-Chemotherapy zihamba emzimbeni wakho futhi zibulale amaseli ahlukanisayo (ekhula noma ephindaphinda) ngokushesha. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinqamuzana ezihlukanisa ngokushesha emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza , kuhlanganise nalawo asezintweni zakho zamathumbu, izinwele, isikhumba, nezipikili. Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi iningi lemiphumela emibi ye-chemotherapy ihlanganisa izinwele, isikhumba, kanye nomuthi wamathunjini. Imithi ye-chemotherapy ayikwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamangqamuzana anempilo ehlukanisayo okusheshayo (izinwele) namaseli omdlavuza (isisu) emzimbeni wakho, ngakho bawabulala bonke ngokuyeka umjikelezo wokuphindaphindiwe. Kodwa-ke, amaseli enempilo ahloswe ukuhlukanisa ngokushesha (njengezinwele noma izipikili) azoshintshwa lapho kuqedelwa i-chemotherapy, ngokungafani namangqamuzana anomdlavuza abulawe.
Isizathu Sokuba I-Stage Matters
Isigaba sakho somdlavuza wekoloni nesigaba yingxenye ebalulekile yokucubungula ukwelashwa kwakho.
Nakuba imithi ngayinye yokwelashwa yakhiwa ngesisekelo somuntu ngamunye, iningi labantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi nesigaba se-stage I ngeke lidinga i-chemotherapy.
Udokotela angase alawule i-chemotherapy, kanye nezinye izifo (imisebe, ukuhlinzeka), emdlalweni we- stage II nesigaba III somdlavuza . Isikhathi se-chemotherapy yakho (ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma imisebe) kuxhomeke kudokotela wakho.
Esikhathini somdlavuza we-colon IV , udokotela angayala i-chemotherapy ukusiza ukukhulula izimpawu zakho noma ukwandisa izinga lakho nobude bokuphila.
I-Palliative, i-Adjuvant, noma i-Primary?
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho eyolamula i-chemotherapy ngaphandle kokusobala (ukuphatha umdlavuza wekoloni). Angase alawule izidakamizwa ze-chemotherapy ukuhlinzeka nge-adjuvant (eyengeziwe) uhlobo lwezokwelapha, njengendlela yokwelapha i-palliative (induduzo) noma njengendlela yokwelapha eyinhloko.
Ukuphulukiswa kwesifo se-palliative emdlalweni wegciwane lesandulela-ngculazi se- IV nesandulela ngculazi kungatholakala ngokunciphisa izicubu nama-chemotherapy agent, futhi ukwandisa izinga lakho lokuphila nomdlavuza.
I-Adjuvant chemotherapy inikezwa kanye nolunye uhlobo lwezokwelapha zokuziphatha, njengokuhlinzwa. I-Chemotherapy ingase isetshenziswe ngaphambi kokuhlinza, ukwehlisa isisu phambi kokuzikhandla , noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ukunciphisa ingozi yokuphindaphinda .
I-chemotherapy eyinhloko inikezwa njengendlela yokwelashwa kwakho kuphela yomshuwalense wekoloni . Ukuzikhethela nokususa kuyindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke yokwelashwa komdlavuza wekoloni , kodwa ngezinye izikhathi umuntu ugula kakhulu noma akakwazi ukumelana nokuhlinzwa.
Iningi lavame ukusetshenziswa i-Chemotherapy Agents
Imithi yokwelapha i-Chemotherapy ivela emafomu amabili aphambili: ngomlomo nangenhlamba.
Izidakamizwa ezingenayo izidakamizwa zinikezwa umjovo nge-vein, kanti izidakamizwa zomshukela we-chemotherapy zinikezwa ngomlomo ngepilisi.
Imithi eminingi ye-chemotherapy enobudlova inikwa ngemijikelezo, elandelwa isikhathi sokuphumula. Udokotela wakho uzothatha impilo yakho, isigaba somdlavuza nesigaba sakho somdlavuza, izidakamizwa zamakhemikhali asetshenzisiwe, kanye nezinhloso zokwelashwa ezicatshangelwayo ngenkathi unquma ukuthi zingaki izindlela zokwelashwa okufanelekile kuwe. Ngemuva kokuba i-chemotherapy iqalile, udokotela wakho uzoba nomqondo ongcono wokuthi uzodinga isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa okusekelwe empilweni yomzimba wakho kwimithi.
- 5-FU , Adrucil, Efudex, Fluoroplex (fluorouracil): Isetshenziselwa umdlavuza ophuthumayo, umdlavuza ophindaphindiwe, kanye namagciwane angaphenduli kwamanye ama-chemotherapy agents.
- I-Eloxatin (oxaliplatin): Isetshenziselwa umdlavuza ophuthumayo, umdlavuza ophindaphindiwe , noma kumdlavuza wesigaba se-III emva kokuhlinzwa.
- I-Xeloda (capecitabine): Kuthathwa ngomlomo ngefilisi, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza wesigaba III.
- I-Camptosar (i-irinotecan, i-irinotecan hydrochloride): Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza we-metastatic colorectal, ikakhulukazi labo abangaphenduli kwezinye izinhlobo ze-chemotherapy.
- I-Wellcovorin (Leucovorin Calcium): Kuthathwa ngomlomo, lesi sidakamizwa kusiza ekunciphiseni imiphumela eyingozi evela kuma-chemotherapy ama-powerful, njenge-5-FU, kodwa akuyona i-agent ye-chemotherapy.
Ngezinye izikhathi amagciwane e-Stage III no-IV aphathwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwama-chemotherapy agents, angafaka phakathi i-FOLFIRI, i-FOLFIRI-B, i-XELOX ne-FOLFOX. Amagama ukuhlanganiswa kwezifinyezo zemithi ye-chemotherapy ehlanganiswe inhlanganisela ngayinye.
- I-FOLFIRI = Leucovorin calcium + i-fluorouracil + i-Irinotecan hydrochloride
- I-FOLFIRI-B = Leucovorin calcium + i-fluorouracil + i-Irinotecan hydrochloride + i-Bevacizumab
- XELOX = Xeloda + oxaliplatin
- I-FOLFOX = Leucovorin calcium + i-fluorouracil + i-oxaliplatin
Ngingayidinga I-Port?
Ichweba iyisetshenziswa esakhiwe ngokuhlinzekwa ukuthi odokotela nabahlengikazi basebenzise ukuthola imivimbo yakho ngokuphindaphindiwe, okungasiza ekunciphiseni ukulimala nokungahambi kahle kwemithanjeni yakho yangaphakathi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Amapayipi kanye nemigqa esemaphakathi asetshenziswa uma i-chemotherapy inikezwa ngokuqhubekayo, njenge-pump infusion.
Ichwethi noma umugqa ophakathi awuphakamiswanga wonke umuntu, njengoba kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa enezingozi, njengegazi, ukutheleleka, nokungasebenzi kahle. Udokotela wakho uyokhipha isinqumo (esimweni-icala-icala basis) uma ungumuntu ozobhalwa umgudu ophakathi noma ukufakwa kwechweba. Uma idivaysi yomugqa oyinhloko efakwa, odokotela bakho nabahlengikazi bazoyisebenzisa ukuze baphathe imithi yakho ye-chemotherapy. Uma ungenayo umugqa ophakathi noma ichweba, umhlengikazi uzofaka i-catheter yangaphakathi ngaphambi kwesimiso ngasinye se-chemotherapy .
Ngizophi Ukuya Ukwelashwa?
Iningi le-chemotherapy administration likhona ngqo ehhovisi lakho le-oncologist noma esikhungweni se-oncology of outcatient. Udokotela wakho angase abe namahhovisi ahlukene; zama ukuthola indawo esiseduzane nekhaya lakho ukuze unciphise ukukhathazeka kokuhamba.
Imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi
Mhlawumbe umcabango wokuqala ongena engqondweni yakho emva kokuzwa igama elithi chemotherapy yilona leminye imiphumela emibi okumele uhlangane nayo. Imithi yokwelapha i-chemotherapy inamandla futhi ifika nohlu olude lwemiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho nabahlengikazi baqeqeshwe ukulindela lemiphumela emibi futhi bangakusiza ukuba unciphise kulo lonke ukwelashwa kwakho. Imiphumela ejwayelekile ye-chemotherapy side effects ingafaka:
- Ukudabuka, ukuhlanza noma isifo sohudo
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso
- Ukubheka isikhumba, amabhuleki noma ukuzwela kwelanga
- Igazi eliphansi libala (i-neutropenia)
- I-Lethargy nokukhathala
- Izilonda zomlomo
- Ubumbulu noma ukubetha ezandleni nasezinyaweni
- Ukuvuvukala ezandleni nasezinyaweni
- Ukwehluleka ukushisa nezifo
Ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi
Udokotela wakho nabahlengikazi bazokusiza nganoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi osuzwa ngayo nge-chemotherapy. Kukhona izinto eziningi ongayenza wena - unendima enkulu ekugcineni impilo yakho nenhlalakahle ngesikhathi se-chemotherapy ngokusebenzisa ukuphumula, ukudla okunomsoco nokuhlanzeka . Khumbula ukuthi:
- Suck on ice chips ngesikhathi chemotherapy (ukunciphisa izilonda emlonyeni emva)
- Sebenzisa amasu afanele wokuhlanza izandla ngaso sonke isikhathi
- Hlala kude nemithombo yokutheleleka (izitolo ezinkulu, izikole) uma kungenzeka
- Yidla ukudla okuncane, okunomsoco njalo
- Hlala uphethwe ngamanzi amaningi
- Ukuphumula uma kudingeka - gcina amandla akho
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokulawula isicanuca kanye nesifo sohudo
- Buka izibonakaliso zokutheleleka bese ubika kudokotela wakho
Ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho
Kuyinto evamile ukuba nemibuzo eminingi mayelana nemithi yokwelapha yomdlavuza wekoloni. Imikhuba eminingi ye-oncology inikeza iseshini semfundo mayelana ne-chemotherapy eqondiswa umhlengikazi we- oncology ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa. Cabanga ngale mibuzo ngaphambi kokuqokwa kukadokotela wakho olandelayo:
- Iyini umgomo wokwelapha kwami nge-chemotherapy ? (izilonda ezincelisayo, ezinokwelapha, ezikhulayo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa)
- Ingabe i-chemotherapy iyoba uhlobo oluyinhloko yokwelapha?
- Ngiyiphi i-chemotherapy agent engizithola? I-oral or intravenous?
- Iyini ingozi yomdlavuza wami ubuya ngemva kwe-chemotherapy?
- Ngizohlala isikhathi esingakanani kwi-chemotherapy?
- Ngingayidinga kangaki ngesonto?
- Ngizokwazi ukusebenza?
- Ngabe ngidinga umuntu ongitshele ukuthi angithumelele futhi avele emitholampilo?
- Yimiphi imiphumela emibi kakhulu ehambisana naloluhlobo lwe-chemotherapy?
- Uhlela kanjani ukunciphisa lemiphumela emibi? (imithi, imfundo)
- Yini engingayilindela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
- Kufanele ngikubize nini? (umkhuhlane, ukuphefumula)
- Ingabe umshwalense wami uzothola zonke izindleko?
Bhala phansi imibuzo yakho nanoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka okusha okuthuthukayo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nabahlengikazi njalo kulo lonke ukwelashwa kwakho - bangabalingani bakho kule mpi.
Imithombo:
I-American Cancer Society. (nd). Izimiso ze-Chemotherapy: Ingxoxo ejulile.
I-American Cancer Society. (2006). Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-American Cancer Society ku-Cancer Colorectal . I-Clifton Fields, NE: i-American Cancer Society.
I-National Cancer Institute. (Disemba 2011). Izidakamizwa Ezivunyelwe I-Colon Ne-Cancer Rectal.
Lange, V. (2009). Yiba ngumsindisi. Umhlahlandlela wokuLawula umdlavuza weColorectal . (4th ed.). I-Los Angeles: I-Lange Productions.