Ukuhlinzwa, i-Chemotherapy, i-radiation kanye nawe
Ukutholakala kokuqala kanye nokwelashwa komdlavuza wekoloni kungathuthukisa ukubikezela kwakho (imiphumela yokwelapha) kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila. Lapho kutholakala futhi kuphathwa kusenesikhathi, abantu abatholakala benomdlavuza wekoloni banesilinganiso samaphesenti angu-93 okusinda eminyakeni emihlanu elandela ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuba ugijimise ngezibalo, thatha isikhashana ufunde ukuthi imithi ngayinye ihilela.
Kunezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelashwa komdlavuza wekoloni. Ukwelapha kwendawo kuhloswe endaweni eyodwa, njengokuhlinzwa noma ukushisa. I-systemic, noma yomzimba wonke, ukwelashwa kunenetha elikhulu futhi kufaka imithi yokwelashwa noma i- biologic ehlosiwe.
Ngokuya empilweni yakho yomzimba, isigaba somdlavuza, nokuzikhethela kwakho, ungakhetha ukwelashwa okulodwa noma ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi yokwelapha, kuhlanganise nokuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, imisebe, kanye nemithi yokwelapha.
Izinketho zokuhlinza
Ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kungukuqala kokwelapha okukhethwa kukho kaningi kwegciwane le-colon cancer . Ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza weColon kungase kuhileleke inqubo elula ukususa i- polp eyingqayizivele yomdlavuza , noma ukusebenza okukhulu okubizwa ngokuthi i-colectomy, okususa ingxenye (noma izingxenye) zamathumbu. Udokotela ohlinzayo angasusa noma abulale izicubu zomdlavuza ezivela kwezinye izitho, ezifana nesibindi noma amaphaphu uma umdlavuza usakazeke.
Ngokuya ngobukhulu nendawo yomdlavuza wakho wekoloni, udokotela anganikeza i- colectomy laparoscopic ngokuya kwe- colectomy evulekile.
Inqubo ye-laparoscopic idinga ukungcoliswa okuncane kakhulu kune-colectomy evulekile, engabangela uketshezi olungama-intshi ayisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
Uma unomlando wezinkinga zamaphaphu noma izinhliziyo, udokotela wakho angabambisana nabachwepheshe, njengodokotela we-pulmonary noma cardiology, ukunquma ukuthi ukuhlinzeka kuyindlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Izinqubo ezingezona zokuhlinzwa zingasetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa noma ukunciphisa imitha ye-metastase ngokubambisana nokuhlinzekwa - noma ukulinganisa uma ungakwazi ukubekezelela ukuhlinzwa.
- I-cryosurgery ibulala amangqamuzana anomdlavuza ngokuyiqandisa.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-radiofrequency ukusebenzisa amagagasi amandla ukubhubhisa (ukushisa) amangqamuzana omdlavuza oye wehliswa kwezinye izitho, njengobindi noma amaphaphu.
- Ukwehla kwe-Ethanol kubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza one-injection yotshwala.
I-Chemotherapy
Imithi eminingi ye- chemotherapy isebenza ngokubulala amaseli ahlukanisa ngokushesha. Kumuntu onomdlavuza, amangqamuzana ahamba phambili asheshayo angama-cell cancer; Kodwa-ke, imiphumela emibi ingenzeka kwezinye izicubu ezihlukanisa ngokushesha. Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokuthola izidakamizwa zamakhemikhali. Ukwelapha kwakho kungabandakanya ukuwafaka ngomlomo ngefilisi, nge-intravenously, noma ngokusebenzisa umjovo ngqo emthini osondelene nesisu.
I-Chemotherapy iphathwa ngaphambi noma emva kokulashwa okwelashwa futhi kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza wesigaba II, III no-IV. Izidakamizwa ezinikezwe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izicubu ngaphambi kokususwa ngokomzimba. I-chemotherapy ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izicubu emzimbeni wonke uma kwenzeka isistimu yemetastasis (isimiso IV). Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuba uthathe imithi yokwelashwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze ubulale noma yikuphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi unciphise amathuba okuphindaphindiwe.
Agent Ngokuqondile Can Colon Cancer
I-chemotherapy agents ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwamakholoni zihlanganisa:
- I-5-FU (i-fluorouracil)
- I-Eloxatin (i-oxaliplatin)
- I-Xeloda (capecitabine)
- I-Camptosar (i-irinotecan)
Kunezinhlanganisela eziningi ezihlukene zale ma agent, ngokuvamile avunyelwe phakathi kwemijikelezo emibili kuya kwezine yamasonto (amajikelezo) we-chemotherapy, alandelwe isikhathi sokuphumula nokubuyiswa. I-Capecitabine iyiphilisi, kuyilapho amanye enikezwa ukumnika okufakwe ngaphakathi.
Imiphumela emibi ye-chemotherapy yomdlavuza wekoloni iningi, kepha iningi linganciphisa ngemithi. Ungase uhlangane:
- Ukudabuka, ukuhlanza nokulahlekelwa ukudla
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele
- Izilonda zomlomo
- Ukubheka isikhumba
- Ukuzwela kwelanga
- Uhudo
- Igazi eliphansi libala (i- neutropenia )
- Ubumbulu noma ukubetha kwezandla noma izinyawo
Ungase uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu futhi ugula kalula. Lokhu kuvame ukuvela ngokubambisana nokulahla kokubala kwegazi lakho. Kuzodingeka uthole ukuphumula okuningi futhi usebenzise izinyathelo ezinhle zokuhlanzeka (njengokuhlanza izandla) ukugwema ubunzima obungadingekile esimisweni sakho somzimba sokuzivikela ngesifo, njengomkhuhlane ovamile.
Umswakama
I-radiation therapy isebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwe-x-ray lokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi lungasetshenziswa ngokubambisana ne-chemotherapy nokuhlinzwa komdlavuza wekoloni. I- oncologist yemisebe izohlinzeka ngemithi yokwelashwa ehlosiwe ukunciphisa noma yiziphi izimpawu ezibuhlungu zomdlavuza, ukubulala noma yikuphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza osolwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma ukuphindaphinda, noma njengendlela yokwelapha uma ungeke ukwazi ukubekezelela ukuhlinzwa.
I-radiation therapy ingenziwa ngaphandle (njenge-x-ray) noma ifakwe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi (ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho).
Izivivinyo zokwelashwa zangaphandle zemisebe ngokuvamile zenzeka ezinsukwini ezinhlanu ngesonto amasonto ambalwa futhi zinenqubo engenabuhlungu. Ungase ube nokucasula isikhumba (ucabange ukushisa kwelanga) endaweni yesimiso sezindiza, isicanucanu, noma ukuhlanza ngesikhathi esithile lapho ukwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphakathi , okubizwa nangokuthi i- brachytherapy , kudinga amaphilisi amancane ase-radioactive abekwe eceleni noma emathisini omdlavuza. I-Brachytherapy ivame ukuqedwa ngokuvakashelwa okukodwa.
Ukwelashwa okubhekiswe
Ukwelashwa okuhloswe ngomdlavuza wekoloni kunikezwa ngokufanayo nge-chemotherapy, ngokuvamile nge-intravenously, kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amathathu.
Lezi zidakamizwa ngokuvamile ziyabona izici zokukhula kwamaprotheni ezihlanganisa amangqamuzana anomdlavuza, njenge-faction endothelial growth factor noma i-epidermal growth factor receptor. Njengoba lezi zidakamizwa zingama-antibodies, ezihlasela ngokuqondile amaprotheni ababophayo, zibulala amangqamuzana kuphela afakwe kulezi zici futhi zingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu kunezakhi zamakhemikhali. Izibonelo zemithi yokwelashwa okuhlosiwe zifaka:
- I-Erbitux (ceuximab)
- I-Avastin (i-bevacizumab)
- I-Vectibix (i-panitumumab)
Imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi
Zonke zokwelapha zibeka ingozi yemiphumela emibi. Izinzuzo zokwelashwa kwakho kufanele zivelele izingozi. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe eduze futhi ahlele uhlelo lwakho lwezokwelapha ngezidingo zakho.
Kuyizinsuku lapho omunye udokotela onomusa ejwayele zonke izidingo zakho zezempilo. Uhlelo lwakho lwezokwelapha luzobandakanya iqembu labachwepheshe bezokwelapha, kuhlanganise nodokotela abakhethekile - njenge-oncologists kanye nama-radiologists - abahlengikazi, kanye nabadliwayo, ukukusiza ekuqondiseni indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlinzekela . Qala iphephabhuku bese ugcina uhlu lwefoni lwabachwepheshe bakho bezokwelapha ukuze wazi ukuthi ubani ozoxhumana naye.
Imithombo:
I-American Cancer Society. (2008). I-Cancer Colorectal. Okudingeka Ukwazi - MANJE. I-Atlanta: I-American Cancer Society Promotions Health.
I-American Cancer Society. (nd) I-Cancer Colorectal. I-Chemotherapy.
I-National Comprehensive Cancer Network. (nd) I-NCCN Ukwelashwa Okubalulekile. Izigaba zeCrorectal Cancer 0, I, II, no-III.
Ilabhulali Kazwelonke Yezokwelapha yase-US. (nd) Ukumiswa Kwezimvu Ezinkulu.