Kuvamile kakhulu, kodwa kuvame ukuvimbela
Uma usuvele unesifo senhliziyo, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuboshwa komzimba ngokungazelelwe. Ukufa ngokuboshwa okungazelelwe komzimba ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ngeshwa, kuyinto evamile kakhulu. Uma umuntu eboshwa ngokungazelelwe, unesidingo esikahle enhliziyweni nge-defibrillator ngokushesha ngenxa yokuthi amathuba okuphila ayancipha njalo ngeminithi, ekugcineni eholela ekufeni okuphazamiseka komzimba.
Indaba Ejwayelekile
Nansi indaba yonke i-cardiologist ezwile izikhathi eziningi:
UJohn oneminyaka engu-56 ubudala uhlezi egumbini lokuphumula ebuka i-sitcom nomkakhe. UJohn akazange ahole ukuphila okuyisibonelo sempilo, kodwa ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo okwakunenyanga eyedlule kuye kwamnika ucingo olubalulekile lokuvuka. "Wenhlanhla ngalesi sikhathi, John," udokotela wakhe wamtshela. "Ube nomonakalo omkhulu wenhliziyo, kodwa ipompi endala isasebenza kahle ngokwanele. Uma ulungisa isenzo sakho, unethuba elihle lokubona ukuthi lo mkhulu omusha uthola umshado ngelinye ilanga."
Ngakho uJohane uqale ukudla okuqinile, uye waqala ukuzivocavoca ngaphansi kweso elindile lenqubo yendawo yokuvuselela inhliziyo , uthatha yonke imithi udokotela wakhe enqume ukusiza inhliziyo yakhe ukuba iphulukise futhi ukusiza ukuvimbela enye ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi shiya ukubhema. Ngemuva kwenyanga nje, usuvele ulahlekelwe amakhilogremu amahlanu futhi uhamba cishe cishe ngamamayela ngosuku. Uzizwa engcono-enamandla futhi enamandla-kunokuba aneminyaka eminingi. Ubuyela emuva esihlalweni sakhe esilula futhi ehleka. Uthi kumkakhe: "Uyazi ukuthi leyo nhlitiyo yezinhliziyo ingaba enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ezake zenzeke kimi."
Uyaphendula, "Akungabazeki ukuthi ubhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi akudingeki ukwenze umsebenzi wendlu esikhathini esingaphezu kwenyanga."
Ulindele ukubuyela emuva kuJohane kodwa akatholi. Ubheka umyeni wakhe futhi uyamangala ukubona ukuthi usehlezi esihlalweni sakhe, engazi lutho. Imizamo yakhe yokumvuselela ayiphumelelanga. Ngokushesha ubiza u-911, kodwa naphezu kwemizamo yabasizo lwezezempilo abafika engaphansi kwemizuzu engu-10 kamuva, uJohn uyafa.
UJohn uboshwe inhliziyo, futhi ngenxa yokuzama ukumvuselela kwakungasebenzi, lesi siqephu saphela ngokufa kwakhe. Ukufa kwe-cardiac okungazelelwe kusho ukuphila kwabantu abangaba ngu-325,000 e-United States unyaka ngamunye.
Ukufa Kokufa Kwegazi
Abaningi abahlukunyezwe ngokufa kwe-cardiac ngokuzumayo baye babhekana namasonto, izinyanga, ngisho neminyaka ngaphambi kokuhlukunyezwa kwe-myocardial (ukushaya kwenhliziyo). Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo, uhlobo olunzima kakhulu lwe -coronary syndrome , kukhishwa lapho umthambo we-coronary uvinjelwa ngokuzumayo, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuphuka kwe-plaque yamaphariyali, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukufa kwesisipha senhliziyo.
I-muscle yenhliziyo ewonakele igcina iphelisa ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo, kodwa njalo iveza ukonakala okuphakade. Ingxenye ebomvu yenhliziyo ingaba yinkimbinkimbi kagesi futhi ukungazinzi kagesi kungaveza isifo senhliziyo esongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi i-ventricular tachycardia (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo), okungaholela ekufubeni kwe-ventricular. Ngeshwa, lawa ma-arrhythmias angenzeka ngokuzumayo, ngaphandle kokuxwayisa noma yini, futhi abantu bangabathola ngisho noma konke kubonakala sengathi kuhamba kahle embonweni wezokwelapha-njengasekuseni likaJohane. I-arrhythmia ingabangela ukuboshwa komzimba ngokungazelelwe, okuvame ukuholela ekufeni.
Ingozi Yokwelashwa Okungazelelwe Ikhishwe Ngemva Kokuhlaselwa Inhliziyo
Ingozi yokuboshwa komzimba ngokungazelelwe ngemuva kokuba unesifo senhliziyo esiphezulu phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha emva kokuhlasela kwenhliziyo yakho. Amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye abantu ababoshwe ngokungazelelwe kwenhliziyo babe nesifo senhliziyo esedlule.
Ingozi enkulu kunayo yonke eyenzeka kubantu asebevele basinda ekuboshiwe inhliziyo futhi baphinde bavuselelwa ngempumelelo. Laba bantu banamathuba angamaphesenti angama-20 eminyaka yokuboshwa komzimba. Ingozi nayo iphakeme kakhulu kubantu abahlaselwa inhliziyo yabo kubhekwa njengenkulu, okungukuthi, ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kuveza inqwaba yezinhlanzi zenhliziyo.
I-Ejection Fraction
Esinye isilinganiso esihle esibonisa inani lokuqeda ingxenyana ye-ejection , isilinganiso sokunquma ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ishaya kanjani igazi. Uma unesifo esiningi, wehlisa ingxenye ye-ejection. Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo, labo abanesicucu se-ejection ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-40 (ingqikithi evamile ye-ejection ngamaphesenti angu-50 noma ngaphezulu) kubonakala sengathi banengozi encane yokufa okungazelelwe. Ingozi yokufa ngokungazelelwe ikhula ngezingxenyana ezincane ezikhishwayo futhi iphakama kakhulu ngamanani angu-30 noma ngaphansi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, noma ubani oye wahlaselwa yinhliziyo kufanele abe nezinhlamvu ze-ejection ezilinganisiwe.
Indlela Yokunciphisa Ingozi Yakho Yokwelashwa Okungazelelwe Yifaka Ngemva Kokuhlaselwa Inhliziyo
Ingozi yokufa okungazelelwe emva kokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo ingancishiswa kakhulu yizinhlobo ezimbili ezijwayelekile zokulinganisa:
- Imithi yokwelashwa ejwayelekile kuhlanganise ne-beta blockers, i-ACE inhibitors, kanye nokwelashwa kwesimiso.
- Ukukhomba abantu abasengozini enkulu naphezu kokwelashwa, futhi becabangela i- cardioverter defibrillator (i-ICD) engenawo kulabo bantu.
Imithi Yokunciphisa Inengozi Yokuboshwa Kwe-Cardiac Okungazelelwe
Ama-beta-blockers, ama-inhibitors e-ACE, nama-statins konke kuboniswe ukunciphisa ingozi yokufa ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Nakuba iningi lokunciphisa ukushona lihlobene nokunciphisa amathuba okuthuthukisa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo noma ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo, lezi zidakamizwa nazo zinciphisa ingozi yokuboshwa komzimba nokufa okungazelelwe. Bonke abasinde ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo kufanele bafakwe kulezi zidakamizwa ngaphandle uma kukhona isizathu esihle kakhulu ukungabi khona.
I-Cardioverter Defibrillator (i-ICD) engeniswayo yokunciphisa ubungozi bokuboshwa kwe-cardiac engapheli
Naphezu kokusebenzisa ukwelapha okunomthelela kwezokwelashwa, kwabanye abantu, ingozi yokufa okungazelelwe ngenxa yokuboshwa komzimba ihlala ephezulu. Ungaba ngumuntu omele ukhetho lwe-ICD uma ngabe okulandelayo kuqinisile:
- Uboshwe ngokungazelelwe inhliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma isimiso se-ventricular arrhythmia
- Une-Long QT syndrome
- Unesifo senhliziyo esisodwa noma ezinye izimo ezingaholela ekuboshweni okungazelelwe kwenhliziyo
Ucwaningo lwezokwelapha luye lwabonisa ukuthi kunoma yiliphi lalezi zimo, ukuba ne-ICD kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuboshwa komzimba okungazelelwe.
> Imithombo:
> American Heart Association. I-Ejection Fraction Heart Failure Measure. Kubuyekezwe ngo-Okthoba 13, 2017.
> American Heart Association. I-Cardioverter Defibrillator (i-ICD) efakwe ngaphakathi. Kubuyekezwe ngomhla ka-21 Disemba, 2016.
> Iklinikhi yaseCleveland. Ukufa Kwemvelo Kokuzumayo (Ukuboshwa Kwe-cardiac Okungazelelwe): Izingozi Zezingozi.
> Inhliziyo kaZwelonke, iLung, ne-Blood Institute. Ukufa Kanjani Kungenxa Yokuboshwa Kwezinhliziyo Ngokungazelelwe? UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu. Kubuyekezwe ngo-Juni 22, 2016.