Ukuqonda Indlela I-Bacteriia ne-Virus Ehluke Ngayo Ekukhulelweni
Ukutheleleka kwamabhaktheriya kuhluke kwezinye izifo ngenxa, ngokusobala, kwi-microbe ebangele. Ama-bacteria yizinto eziphilayo ezingenawo ophilayo ezihlala ngobuningi kubantu, ezilwaneni, ezitshalweni, nakuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba.
Kungaba nama-bacteria "amahle" asiza izinhlelo ukuthi zisebenze ngokufanele (kusuka kokugaya kuya kokuvutshelwa) kanye "nezimbi" ezibangelwa ukutheleleka.
Konke okushiwo, amaphesenti angaphansi kweyodwa amabhaktheriya angenza abantu bagule.
Umehluko Phakathi kwama-bacteria nama-Virus
Ama-bacteria kanye nama-virus angabangela ukutheleleka, kodwa umehluko phakathi kwawo uningi. Ama-virus anempilo encane kakhulu (cishe izikhathi ezincane kuya kwezi-10 kuya kwezingu-100 kunamabhaktheriya) futhi adinga umphathi ophilayo ukuze aphendule futhi asinde. Ama-virus awunaso isakhiwo seselula; amabhaktheriya enza. Amabhaktheriya yizinto eziphilayo; ama-virus abhekwa njengewona aphilayo.
Ngokuqondene nokwelashwa, ama-antibiotics angawabulala amabhaktheriya (ngaphandle kwamagciwane amaningi e-Gram) kodwa hhayi ama-virus. Ama-antiviral asetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane; ama-bacteria awaphazamiseki.
Ngaphezu kwamabhaktheriya namagciwane, ezinye izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zingabangela ukutheleleka kubantu, kufaka phakathi i- protozoa , isikhunta, izibungu, namaprotheni anesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i- prions.
Izinhlobo zokutheleleka kwama-bacterium
Ubukhulu bokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya kusekelwe ngokuyinhloko ngohlobo lwebhaktheriya oluhilelekile, impilo ejwayelekile yabantu abathintekayo, nezinye izici ezingaba ngcono noma ukunciphisa ukutheleleka.
Ukutheleleka kwamabhaktheriya kungabhekana nezifo ezincane ezifana ne-strep throat kanye nezifo zendlebe ezindaweni eziningi ezisongela ukuphila njenge-meningitis ne-encephalitis.
Ezinye zezifo ezithinta kakhulu amagciwane zifaka:
- I-Salmonella uhlobo lokutheleleka oluhlotshaniswa nokudla okunobuthi obangelwa yi-non-typhoidal salmonallae amabhaktheriya atholakale emaphepheni wamathumbu omuntu nezinye izilwane.
- I-Escherichia coli (E. coli) uhlobo lwebhaktheriya evame ukutholakala emanzini lapho ezinye izinhlobo ziyaziwa khona ngenxa yokugula kwamathumbu.
- Isifo sofuba yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa amagciwane abizwa ngokuthi i-Mycobacterium isifo sofuba esingathinta kakhulu amaphaphu nezinye izinhlelo zesitho.
- I-Staphylococcus aureus engamelana ne-Methicillin (MRSA) iyi-bacteria yokulwa namagciwane okungaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi kulabo abanamasosha omzimba akhungethwe.
- I-Clostridium difficile (C. diff) yi-bacteria evame ukutholakala emathunjini angabangela ukugula kwamathumbu uma kunezinqwaba (njengalapho i-antibiotic ibulala ezinye izinhlobo zamagciwane asegulini).
- I-pneumonia ye-bacterium uhlobo olubangelwa amagciwane amaningi.
- I-vaginosis ye- vaginosis iyisifo sobulili esingabangela ukushisa, ukuxoshwa nokuvuthwa okubuhlungu.
- I-Vibrio vulnificus iyi-bacteria engavamile, "yokudla inyama" engatholakala emanzini ashisayo olwandle.
- U-Heliobacter pylori (H. pylori) uhlobo lwama-bacteria ahlobene nezilonda zesisu kanye nesisu sangasese esingaguli.
- I-meningitis ye-bacterial iyinhlobo engafani negciwane lesifo esabangelwa izinhlobo eziningana ezahlukene zamabhaktheriya eziholela ekuvukeni kobuchopho kanye nezilonda zomgogodla.
- I-Gonorrhea isifo esithathelwana ngocansi esibangelwa ama-bacterium neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Ukwelapha Izifo Zama-bacterium
Iningi lokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya kufanele lilashwe ngama-antibiotics. Ukukhethwa kusekelwe uhlobo lwebhaktheriya elihilelekile. Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngokuhlola amasampuli egazi noma omchamo, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi zenziwa ngokuziqhenya (ngokusekelwe kokubuyekezwa kwezimpawu kanye nezimo ezibangele ukutheleleka).
Uma uthola ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya futhi udinga ama-antibiotic, kubalulekile ukuthatha imithi yakho njengoba iqondisiwe kanye nokuqeda isikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho okunqunyiwe ukuze uvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwemithi yokulwa nezidakamizwa .
> Umthombo:
> Izikhungo Zikazwelonke Zempilo (NIH). "Izifo Zibhaktheriya." I-MedLine Plus: I- US National Library of Medicine. I-Bethesda, e-Maryland; u- pdated ngoMashi 3, 2017.